Making Sense Of Cloud Computing - by Mark Rivington

Making Sense of Cloud Service Computing Mark Rivington, VP Technology, Nimsoft December 2009 Keys to Effective Cloud Service Management

Agenda
What is Cloud Computing?
Business Drivers for the Cloud
The “5-4-3” of Cloud Computing
5 Cloud Characteristics
4 Deployment Models
3 Service Offering Models
Managing services in the Cloud
Balance of responsibility
Specific monitoring activities
Cautionary considerations

What businesses are saying... Source: http://geekandpoke.typepad.com

What is Cloud Computing?
Not to be confused with …
Grid computing, Utility computing, Autonomic Computing, Service Orientated Architecture, Virtualization, Web Services and all previous computing models
Definitions are forever changing In March 2007, Dell applied to trademark the term "cloud computing" ( U.S. Trademark 77,139,082 ) in the United States . The "Notice of Allowance" it received in July 2008 was cancelled on August 6 , resulting in a formal rejection of the trademark application less than a week later. Cloud computing is Internet ("cloud") based development and use of computer technology. It is a paradigm of computing where dynamically scalable and often virtualised resources are provided as a service over the Internet. Users need not have knowledge of, expertise in, or control over the technology infrastructure "in the cloud" that supports them. -- Wikipedia.org

Business Drivers for the Cloud Relative to classical data center centric IT
Escalating cost of data center ownership
Asymmetric workloads, unknown workloads
Surge computing
Stepwise rather than linear capacity increases
Difficult to manage and plan
Increasing Risk associated with data center loss
Business realignment to core
Not in the business of managing data centers
Maturity and value of cloud offerings constantly increases

3 Service Offering Models - Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) - Platform as a Service (PaaS) - Software as a Service (SaaS) The “5-4-3” of Cloud Computing 4 Deployment Models - Private Cloud - Public Cloud - Hybrid Cloud - Community Cloud
5 Cloud Characteristics
Elastic resources
IT service centric approach
Consumption based metering
Self-service ubiquitous network access
Location independent resource pooling

Five Characteristics of Cloud Computing
Elastic resources
Resources can quickly grow & shrink, appearing to be infinite
IT service centric approach
Able to run business services or applications for a specific, timely purpose
Source: http://blog.washingtonpost.com

Consumption-based metering – “Pay-as-you-go” Model
Service usage is measured
No upfront or long-term commitments
Source: http://thelittlechimpsociety.com

Self-service ubiquitous network access
Accessible from anywhere on any device on-demand
Allows users the ability to upload, build, deploy, schedule, manage & report on their business services on demand
Location independent resource pooling
Shared resources assigned according to multitenant demands
Resources are virtualized & can change dynamically
Source: http://ryan2point0.wordpress.com

Four Cloud Deployment Models
Private Cloud
Similar to co-location but with elastic resource
Public Cloud
Cloud Computing popular delivery model - truly Public
Hybrid Cloud
Combination of Public and Private with overflow capabilities
Community Cloud
Community access, such as gmail, yahoo, salesforce...

Private Clouds
Massively virtualized infrastructure in private datacenters
Promoted and provided by key virtualization vendors – VMware, Citrix, Microsoft, IBM, SUN, Eucalyptus (open-source)
As well as the storage vendors – EMC, Hitachi, Netapp and others
Likely to be very strong wave in the coming years (2010  Test, 2011  Production)
Hybrid private-public cloud deployments
“ VMware’s focus is on enabling our customers to run their datacenters as internal clouds and operate in a far more flexible and cost-efficient way,” said Paul Maritz, president and chief executive officer, VMware . “Our customers want the plumbing to disappear – in the datacenter, on the desktop and in the cloud – so they can focus their staff time and IT budget on delivering business value. They want cloud-like services so they can act as hosting providers to their internal customers. Our Virtual Datacenter Operating System Initiative will accelerate customers down the virtualization path so that they can run their IT as an internal cloud service. The VMware vSphere generation of products, which are currently in development, will be a new class of software that delivers on this strategy. And, as customers become cloud-enabled, they will have the flexibility to securely and efficiently expand their internal clouds to tap the resources offered by external service providers through our VMware vCloud Initiative. I am excited to share the progress we’ve made on our initiatives at VMworld Europe.” VMWare press release – February 2009

Monitoring Private Clouds
“ Business as usual” for “good” Monitoring Solutions
Broad technology coverage
Extremely Scalable
Zero touch provisioning of monitoring
Highly dynamic monitoring qualities
Now you see it, now you don’t!
Virtualization platform performance data collection
VMWare, Microsoft, Citrix XEN, IBM, SUN and O/source
Standard end-user performance monitoring
Business Service Management
Relating highly dynamic infrastructure to business services

Service Offering Model (1 of 3) – SaaS Characteristics
Specific services provided as hosted solutions
Driven by standard service feature/function requirements
Consumers use the service via an application interface & configure settings
Very rapid start up times
Usage is normally subscription based on key application parameters e.g. data storage size, # of users, etc.
Compelling alternative to internal IT particularly with a lack of resources & capability

Management Responsibility – SaaS Degree of Management Responsibility Consumers Service Providers Capacity Change Configuration Data protection Compliance Event Problem Security Asset Server OS Application Service Database Network
Examples:
Google Apps
PayPal Payment Services
SalesForce.com

Monitoring SaaS Clouds
End User Monitoring
Synthetic Transaction Monitoring
Custom support with “record-n-playback”
Real User Monitoring
Inserting an appliance on network edge to passively measure outgoing requests & responses
URL and Web Service Response monitoring
Scalable and highly effective
Application specific instrumentation
Application dashboards
URL data gathering
Metrics gathered through available APIs
Vendor specific Service Level Agreement reporting
Automatically generated SLA reports
Business Service Management reporting
Compliance to SLA/SLO & reporting of business impact

Service Offering Model (2 of 3) – PaaS Characteristics
Custom application development framework with hosting environment
Driven by custom, flexible, tailored application requirements
Consumers use a hosting environment & “code, load & go”
Lack of resources & desire to manage base HW; able & willing development staff
Application abstraction layers with built-in scalability
Usage is normally based on amount of traffic or compute resources used to service custom application

Management Responsibility – PaaS Degree of Management Responsibility Consumers Service Providers Capacity Change Configuration Data protection Compliance Event Problem Security Asset Server OS Application Service Database Network
Examples:
Google App Engine
Microsoft Azure Service Platform
SalesForce Force.com

Monitoring PaaS Clouds
End User Monitoring
Synthetic Transaction Monitoring
Custom support with “record-n-playback”
Real User Monitoring
Inserting an appliance on network edge to measure outgoing requests & responses
Placing a virtual appliance in the Cloud (IaaS)
URL and Web Service Response monitoring
Scalable and highly effective
Stack “pings”
Application specific instrumentation
Application dashboards
URL data gathering
Metrics gathered through exercising platform APIs & services
Vendor specific Service Level Agreement reporting
Automatically generated SLA reports
Business Service Management reporting
Compliance to SLA/SLO & reporting of business impact

Service Offering Model (3 of 3) – IaaS Characteristics
Provides raw computing resources on-demand
Driven by Cloud Business Drivers, with attention on technical risk & ultimate flexibility
Consumers interact with solution similar to before
Smooth transition from internal IT to Cloud
Private Virtual Data Centers – “comfort zone”
Normally web services/ReST based APIs for management & imaging
Usage is charged by the time with no upfront cost, based on the amount of compute resources allocated

Management Responsibility – IaaS Degree of Management Responsibility Consumers Service Providers Capacity Change Configuration Data protection Compliance Event Problem Security Asset Server OS Application Service Database Network
Examples:
Amazon EC2
Rackspace Cloud Servers
Terremark Enterprise Cloud

Monitoring IaaS Clouds
Monitoring embedded in Images
Instance landscape too dynamic for polling
Dynamic registration of agents
Existence of server instance is unpredictable
Graceful shutdown
Expected & unexpected states
Support for proprietary Cloud Service Provider APIs
www.unifiedmonitoring.com
Automation and integration with Cloud APIs
Instantiation and aggregation
Benchmarking instances
Resource “Available to Promise” versus percentage utilization
SaaS/PaaS monitoring techniques also apply to IaaS

Why Benchmarks? Traditional metrics are based on percentage consumption of a fixed resource. Cloud Computing metrics are based on metering usage or consumption of an elastic resource Traditional IT
UTILIZATION
Percentage CPU Utilization
Percentage memory
Cloud Metrics
AVAILABLE TO PROMISE
Available to Computing Power (Latency to calculate Fibonacci sequence)
Memory access speed
Synthetic transaction-based
RATES
File I/O
Context switching
USAGE METERING
Amount of data written to disk
Consumption of CPU cycles

Top 10 Obstacles to and Opportunities for Growth of Cloud Computing Above the Clouds: A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing
Availability of service
Data transfer bottlenecks
Data lock-in
Data confidentiality and auditability
Performance unpredictability
Scalable storage
Bugs in large distributed systems
Scaling quickly
Reputation fate sharing
Software licensing
http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2009/EECS-2009-28.pdf

Nimsoft is ready, willing & able to help you with your cloud initiatives. Q & A Thank You! [email_address]

Making Sense Of Cloud Computing - by Mark Rivington

by Nimsoft on Dec 07, 2009

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Making Sense Of Cloud Computing - by Mark Rivington — Presentation Transcript