Evidence for widespread hybridization between two closely related lionfishes

Evidence for wide-spreadhybridization between two closely related lionfish Christie Wilcox Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology Evolution 2011

Hybridization

Indo-Pacific: Intermittent Barrier

Lionfishes: Subfamily Pteroinae• Unique lineage of Scorpaenidae • Phenotypic • Behavioral• 18 species in 5 genera• Native to Indo-Pacific• Commercially & ecologically important

Pterois miles & Pterois volitansPhoto by jostimages.com Photo by Opera User Antonietta (Bennett, 1828) (Linnaeus, 1758) • Very similar morphologically • Considered synonyms until 1986

Meristic Differences Indian: Pterois miles Pacific: Pterois volitansDorsal Fin Rays 10 11Anal Fin Rays 6 7Pectoral Fin Size Shorter LongerSpot Size Smaller LargerGeographicRange Africa – Indonesia Indonesia – W Pacific Schultz, 1986

Sister SpeciesKochzius, 2003 Freshwater 2009

Overlapping Native Ranges Pterois miles Pterois volitansDorsal Fin Rays 10 11Anal Fin Rays 6 7Pectoral Fin Size Shorter LongerSpot Size Smaller LargerGeographicRange Africa – Indonesia Indonesia – W Pacific Schultz, 1986

Phylogenetic Investigations• Kochzius et al. 2003 – Cyt b & 16 S: monophyletic clades• Freshwater et al. 2009 – Cyt b: monophyletic clades ONLY mtDNA

Objective• Investigate the relationship between P. volitans and P. miles using mitochondrial and nuclear loci• Compare native & invasive range

Methods• Native: 34 P. miles, 38 P. volitans, 10 mixed meristics• PCR amplification – 1 mtDNA, 3 nDNA• Genetic Divergence (Arlequin)• Evolutionary Relationships (Network) Taiwan (n=4) Philippines (n=22) Africa (n=6) Indonesia (n=18)

Mitochondrial DNA Sequence DivergencemtDNA Length (bp) Pac-Ind Other Pteroinae COI 602 3.90% 12.0% - 15.5% around 2.5 mya separation Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles 99 Pterois miles Indian (Pterois miles) lineage Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles 99 Pterois miles Pterois miles PL0277 PL0275 PVAQ12 PVAQ13 PVAQ18 49 93 PVAQ22 PVAQ14 Pacific (Pterois volitans) lineage PVAQ16 PVAQ17 PVAQ23 PVAQ15 8 PVAQ20 PL0278 63 PL0276 Dendrochirus brachypterus 25 Dendrochirus zebra Brachypterois serrulata Pterois sphex 100 Pterois radiata Pterois antemnata Dendrochirus biocellatus Parapterois heterura AH0244 0.1

Mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome Oxidase IIndian (Pterois miles) lineage Pacific (Pterois volitans) lineage 20 mutations Phenotype: Pterois miles Pterois volitans Mixed Meristics

Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Divergence Other PteroinaemtDNA Length (bp) Pac-Ind COI 602 3.90% 12.0% - 15.5% Does this same pattern occur in the nucleus?

Nuclear DNA S7 RP1 (2.47% divergence) 4174E20 (2.00% divergence)Indian (miles) lineage Pacific (volitans) lineage Indian (miles) lineage Pacific (volitans) lineage 8680E3 (0.37% divergence)Indian (miles) lineage Pacific (volitans) lineage Phenotype: Pterois miles Pterois volitans Mixed Meristics

Indian (P miles) lineagePacific (P. volitans) lineageDual (Hybrid) Lineage mtDNA nDNA ID # Phenotype COI S7 8680E3 4147E20 Aq12 P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans Aq13 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles Hybrid Aq14 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles P. miles Aq15 P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans Aq16 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles Hybrid Hybrid Aq17 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles Hybrid Hybrid Aq19 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. volitans Hybrid Aq20 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles P. miles Aq22 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles P. miles Aq24 P. miles P. miles P. miles Hybrid P. miles Aq25 P. miles P. miles P. miles Hybrid P. miles Aq 26 P. miles P. miles P. miles P. miles P. miles

Indian (P miles) lineagePacific (P. volitans) lineageDual (Hybrid) Lineage mtDNA nDNAGenotype: ID # Phenotype COI S7 8680E3 4147E20 Aq12 P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans Aq13 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles Hybrid Aq14 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles P. miles Aq15 P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans Aq16 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles Hybrid Hybrid Aq17 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles Hybrid Hybrid Hybrid Aq19 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. volitans Hybrid Aq20 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles P. miles Aq22 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles P. miles P. miles Aq24 P. miles P. miles P. miles Hybrid P. volitans Aq25 P. miles P. miles P. miles Hybrid P. volitans Aq 26 P. miles P. miles P. miles P. miles P. miles

Genotype Spatial Distribution Taiwan N=4 PhilippinesAfrica N = 22 Indonesia N=6 N=7 N = 18 N=3 Genotype: P. miles P. volitans Hybrid

Morphological Correlation? Dorsal Fin Rays Anal Fin RaysGenotype Genotype P miles P miles N = 17 9 N = 24 6 Hybrid 10 Hybrid 7 N = 27 11 N = 26P volitans 12 P volitans N = 25 N = 18 0% 50% 100% 0% 50% 100% Fisher Exact Test, p <0.01 Fisher Exact Test, p <0.01

Native Range Summary• Shared haplotypes between species• Evidence of recombination• Geographic pattern of genotypes• Morphological correlation HYBRIDIZATION

Invasive Species Photo by Ken Jones.

Invasive SpeciesOne of the top 15 threats to global biodiversity Photo by Ken Jones.Sutherland et al., A horizon scan of global conservation issues for 2010, Trends Ecol. Evol. 25 (2010), pp. 1–7.

mtDNA Data Says… > 90% P. volitans ? < 10% P. miles Methods: 2 P. miles, 38 P. volitans, 17 mixed

ns litaInvasive… hybrids? vo P. as ed ID N = 57 Genotype: P miles Hybrid

Hybrid vigor ininvasivelionfish?

Future Directions• Investigate hybridization – Compare native and invasive hybrids• Thorough geographic sampling• Population genetics

Thanks to…• Brian Bowen• Laurie Sorensen (UCLA)• D. Wilson Freshwater (UNC Chapel Hill)• Shannon Bennett, Becky Cann• ToBo Labmates

Evidence for widespread hybridization between two closely related lionfishes

by Christie Wilcox

Accessibility

Categories

Upload Details

Usage Rights

Statistics

Evidence for widespread hybridization between two closely related lionfishes Presentation Transcript