Elder Stories as a Pilot DVD Intervention in an Inuit Community

Elder Stories as a Pilot DVD Intervention in an Inuit Community Presenter: Sennait Yohannes & Selina Kisa NAHO conference November 24, 2009

Outline •Introduction •Inuit Food systems •Transitions •Background •Pangnirtung •Pilot DVD intervention •Analysis •Results

Inuit Food Systems • Important to facilitate social, cultural, Introduction spiritual ties •Inuit Food • >100 different species of animals and systems plants •Transitions • Initially noted for its health benefits 1 Background •Pangnirtung Study Design •DVD course Analysis 1. Bang and Dyerberg, 1972

Nutrient Value of Country Food Introduction Rich in •Inuit Food • Omega 3 systems •Transitions • Antioxidants Background • Protein •Pangnirtung • Vitamin A Study Design •DVD course • Vitamin D Analysis

Transitions Globalization Climate change Acculturation Nutrition transition Chronic Disease

Invitation to Pangnirtung •Invited members of CINE •Steering committee •Consultations •Community plan

Pangnirtung Introduction •Inuit Food systems •Transitions Background •Pangnirtung Study Design •DVD course Analysis

Initial Activities Introduction •Inuit Food systems 1) Adult health screening-2005 •Transitions Background 2) Youth health survey-2006 •Pangnirtung Study Design 3) Elder knowledge/story telling •DVD course Analysis

Diet Quality-Youth •49% consumed country Introduction food the day before •Inuit Food systems •98% had drank soft drinks •Transitions Background the day before •Pangnirtung Study Design •2.5 cans •DVD course Analysis •1/3 youth overweight

Youth Project: Construct a pilot DVD intervention based on elder stories to share traditional food knowledge among community youth. 1. To determine if the stories are a feasible way to transfer traditional knowledge to youth. 2. To determine attitudes and beliefs about traditional foods among youth.

Inuit Quajimajatuqangit (IQ) “Practical common sense; teachings and experience passed through generations; knowing the country; being rooted in spiritual health; a way of life; an authority system of rules for resource use; respect; obligation to share; wisdom in using knowledge; using heart and head together.” Berkes, 1999

Story Telling •Story telling has been a traditional way for Inuit to share knowledge. Introduction •Inuit Food •21 local elders were interviewed about systems country foods and traditional ways of life. •Transitions Background •5 elders were used for the pilot DVD •Pangnirtung •Shared similar themes Study Design •DVD course‟ Analysis

DVD Design Theme 1 Theme 2 Theme 3 What women ate Land and Country Food and what men ate Ocean Plants Remedies Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3 Pilot DVD

Pilot DVD •Each segment is composed of 5 Introduction different elder interviews. •Inuit Food systems •Continuous story •Transitions •Medium youth are comfortable Background •Pangnirtung with. Study Design •Maximizes the information. •DVD •Visual portion ‘course’ Analysis •Community pictures

Evaluation • A pre & post DVD questionnaire was composed Introduction – 28 T/F questions •Inuit Food • Paired and independent t-tests systems – 4 open ended questions •Transitions Background • What did you like about the DVD? •Pangnirtung • How would you change the DVD? Study Design • How do you feel about learning Traditional •DVD „course‟ Knowledge from the elders? Analysis • What would make it easier for you to eat more Country Food? – Content analysis

Timeline •Local high school over two weeks Introduction •Inuit Food •Week 1 systems •Transitions •Pre-Questionnaire Background •1rst and 2nd DVD segment •Pangnirtung Study Design •Week 2 •DVD „course‟ Analysis •3rd DVD segment •Post Questionnaire

Quantitative Analysis

Qualitative Analysis

Attitudes and Beliefs •Country Food Traditions •Learning from elders •Learning traditional knowledge from elders •Health Benefits of traditional food •Increasing traditional food availability

Policy Inuit culture and perspective needs to be considered for effective health promotion. •Ties youth to local elders. •Promotes country food and traditional knowledge. •Promotes Inuit identity.

Acknowledgements PANGNIRTUNG •Community Steering Committee CINE/McGill •Dr. Grace Egeland •Dr. Harriet Kuhnlein •Dr. Grace Marquis AGENCIES •ITK-Looee Okalik Funders •Nasivvik ACADRE •Old Sun Fellowship

Questions/Discussion How can traditional knowledge be used by and incorporated in health promotion and by front line healthcare workers? Qujanamiik

Elder Stories as a Pilot DVD Intervention in an Inuit Community

by National Aboriginal Health Organization

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