Locating world history in the environment and time Geography and humanity, environment as catalyst for human events, major population changes/migrations, periodization, continuities and breaks from pre-Neolithic era, Neolithic Revolution and gender

Time Period 8000 B.C.E to 600 C.E The longest unit of the five commonly known as the Foundations Period .

8000 B.C.E to 600 C.E

The longest unit of the five commonly known as the Foundations Period .

Time Period Periods are framed by major events. 8000 B.C.E = Neolithic Revolution 600 C.E. = Fall of the Classical Empires Western Roman Empire, Han Dynasty, Gupta Dynasty, Sassanid Empire 600 C.E. = Rise of New Empires Carolingian Empire, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Indian Regional Kingdoms, Islamic Empire 600 C.E. = New Religions (great expansion) Christianity/Orthodox, Islam, Buddhism 600 C.E. = Increased trade and integration between societies

Periods are framed by major events.

8000 B.C.E = Neolithic Revolution

600 C.E. = Fall of the Classical Empires

Western Roman Empire, Han Dynasty, Gupta Dynasty, Sassanid Empire

600 C.E. = Rise of New Empires

Carolingian Empire, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Indian Regional Kingdoms, Islamic Empire

600 C.E. = New Religions (great expansion)

Christianity/Orthodox, Islam, Buddhism

600 C.E. = Increased trade and integration between societies

Places The national exam will require you to know what nations, states, or empires are encompassed in what regions for both the multiple choice questions and the three essays. While it is impossible to list every country in every region, the most commonly misidentified nations and their regions are:

The national exam will require you to know what nations, states, or empires are encompassed in what regions for both the multiple choice questions and the three essays. While it is impossible to list every country in every region, the most commonly misidentified nations and their regions are:

Places North Africa Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco

North Africa

Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco

Places West Africa Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal, Togo, Benin

West Africa

Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal, Togo, Benin

Places East Africa Kenya, Tanzania, Somalia, Ethiopia, Mozambique

East Africa

Kenya, Tanzania, Somalia, Ethiopia, Mozambique

Places Equatorial Africa Congo, Rwanda, Sudan

Equatorial Africa

Congo, Rwanda, Sudan

Southern Africa Angola, Zimbabwe

Southern Africa

Angola, Zimbabwe

Middle East Turkey, Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq

Middle East

Turkey, Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq

East Asia China, Japan, Korea

East Asia

China, Japan, Korea

South Asia India, Pakistan, Afghanistan

South Asia

India, Pakistan, Afghanistan

Southeastern Asia Thailand, Viet Nam, Laos, Cambodia, Indonesia, Philippines

Southeastern Asia

Thailand, Viet Nam, Laos, Cambodia, Indonesia, Philippines

Latin America Mexico, Honduras, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Peru, Cuba

Latin America

Mexico, Honduras, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Peru, Cuba

Geography and humanity in the Foundations The climate of the Earth is constantly changing. 10,000 years ago the Earth was much cooler than it is today. Around 9,000 B.C.E the temperature increases greatly (global warming?)

The climate of the Earth is constantly changing.

10,000 years ago the Earth was much cooler than it is today.

Around 9,000 B.C.E the temperature increases greatly (global warming?)

Geography and humanity in the Foundations As the Earth got warmer regions of massive human occupation dried out (Sahara region). This caused: Plants to die Animals to leave Food to become scarce

As the Earth got warmer regions of massive human occupation dried out (Sahara region).

This caused:

Plants to die

Animals to leave

Food to become scarce

Geography and humanity in the Foundations People moved around the globe to other regions with the animals. Eventually, the populations of people developed agriculture and settled near bodies of water.

People moved around the globe to other regions with the animals.

Eventually, the populations of people developed agriculture and settled near bodies of water.

Major population changes/migrations Most Homo Sapiens Sapiens , pre-10,000 B.C.E resided in and around Tanzania. After 8,000 B.C.E they were all over Afroeurasia. The societies that developed farming found this to be a much more reliable form of food production.

Most Homo Sapiens Sapiens , pre-10,000 B.C.E resided in and around Tanzania.

After 8,000 B.C.E they were all over Afroeurasia.

The societies that developed farming found this to be a much more reliable form of food production.

Major population changes/migrations 100 million 500 B.C.E 50 million 1000 B.C.E 27 million 2000 B.C.E 14 million 3000 B.C.E Human Population (estimate) Year Population Increase Over Time

Major population changes/migrations Biggest reason for demographic changes FARMING Nope! Human Innovation (which includes farming :-p) Innovation: Sedentary agriculture Pottery Metalworking Textile production

Biggest reason for demographic changes

FARMING

Nope!

Human Innovation (which includes farming :-p)

Innovation:

Sedentary agriculture

Pottery

Metalworking

Textile production