Art of the 1920’s Jen Goldsman and Veronica Dallas

Objectives Precisionism Georgia O’Keefe Edward Hooper American Scene Painting/ Regionalism Grant Wood Thomas Hart Benton Photography Man Ray Abstract expressionism Jackson Pollock Willem de Kooning Genre Works George Luks Charles Hawthorne

Precisionism

Georgia O’Keefe

Edward Hooper

American Scene Painting/ Regionalism

Grant Wood

Thomas Hart Benton

Photography

Man Ray

Abstract expressionism

Jackson Pollock

Willem de Kooning

Genre Works

George Luks

Charles Hawthorne

Precisionism Emerged after World War 1 Influenced by Cubism and Futurism Mainly focused on Industrialism and Modernization of the American landscape These artists tried to avoid European influence in their work Some famous Precisionists were Georgia O’Keeffe, Edward Hopper and Charles Demuth Aucassiu and Nicolette by Charles Demuth Oil on canvas, 1921

Emerged after World War 1

Influenced by Cubism and Futurism

Mainly focused on Industrialism and Modernization of the American landscape

These artists tried to avoid European influence in their work

Some famous Precisionists were Georgia O’Keeffe, Edward Hopper and Charles Demuth

Georgia O’Keeffe November 15, 1887- March 6, 1986 Known for her abstract paintings of flowers, rocks, shells, animal bones and landscapes Of Mexican decent, but born in Wisconsin. Attended School of the Art Institute of Chicago, later became an elementary art school teacher During the 1920’s she moved to New York City and started to focus on oil paintings, particularly of landscapes and architecture. By the mid-20’s she was known as one of America’s most important artists Her works usually sold for around $25,000 During the late 20’s, she moved to New Mexico for new inspiration

November 15, 1887- March 6, 1986

Known for her abstract paintings of flowers, rocks, shells, animal bones and landscapes

Of Mexican decent, but born in Wisconsin.

Attended School of the Art Institute of Chicago, later became an elementary art school teacher

During the 1920’s she moved to New York City and started to focus on oil paintings, particularly of landscapes and architecture.

By the mid-20’s she was known as one of America’s most important artists

Her works usually sold for around $25,000

During the late 20’s, she moved to New Mexico for new inspiration

The following slides are some of Georgia O’Keeffe’s most famous artworks

The following slides are some of Georgia O’Keeffe’s most famous artworks

Ram's Head White Hollyhock and Little Hills, 1935

White Trumpet Flower 1887-1986

Jack-in-the-Pulpit No. IV 1930

Radiator Building by night 1926

Edward Hopper Born in Nyack, New York In 1905, be became an illustrator for a magazine, yet grew to hate the job Traveled to Europe from time to time for inspiration Most popular for his oil paintings; however, he was also skilled in watercolors, printmaking, and etching Depicted his personal views of American modern life through his art Always paid close attention to geometrical shapes and proper balance of environment within his art July 22, 1882 – May 15, 1967

Born in Nyack, New York

In 1905, be became an illustrator for a magazine, yet grew to hate the job

Traveled to Europe from time to time for inspiration

Most popular for his oil paintings; however, he was also skilled in watercolors, printmaking, and etching

Depicted his personal views of American modern life through his art

Always paid close attention to geometrical shapes and proper balance of environment within his art

The following slides are some of Edward Hopper’s most famous artworks

Nighthawks 1942

The Long Leg 1935

Chop Suey 1829

American Scene Painting/ Regionalism Most known for having a “natural” style of painting Depicts everyday American life Regionalists had a simple way of painting Most created works of art of rural landscapes, small towns, and simple people Some famous American Scene painters are Grant Wood, Thomas Hart Benton, and John Steuart Curry Stone City By Grant Wood 1930

Most known for having a “natural” style of painting

Depicts everyday American life

Regionalists had a simple way of painting

Most created works of art of rural landscapes, small towns, and simple people

Some famous American Scene painters are Grant Wood, Thomas Hart Benton, and John Steuart Curry

Grant Wood born in Anamosa, Iowa Was an apprentice in a metal shop, enrolled in an art school in Minneapolis in 1910 he became a school teacher, and later attended the School of the Art Institute of Chicago Best known for his paintings depicting the American Midwest made trips to Europe and was influenced by Jan Van Eyck Helped to found Stone City Art Colony, a small town near his hometown, that helped artists get through the Great Depression Grant Wood later went on to teach at University of Iowa's School of Art in 1934 He died of liver cancer the day before his 51 st birthday February 13, 1891 – February 12, 1942

born in Anamosa, Iowa

Was an apprentice in a metal shop, enrolled in an art school in Minneapolis in 1910

he became a school teacher, and later attended the School of the Art Institute of Chicago

Best known for his paintings depicting the American Midwest

made trips to Europe and was influenced by Jan Van Eyck

Helped to found Stone City Art Colony, a small town near his hometown, that helped artists get through the Great Depression

Grant Wood later went on to teach at University of Iowa's School of Art in 1934

He died of liver cancer the day before his 51 st birthday

The following slides are some of Grant Wood’s most famous artworks

Spring In Town 1941

Fall Plowing 1931

American Gothic 1930 *** FUN FACT Grant Wood’s sister, Nan Wood Graham is the woman modeling in this famous piece

Thomas Hart Benton Benton was born in Neosho, Missouri He enrolled at the Art Institute of Chicago, but left for Paris in 1909 to continue his art education at the Académie Julian He returned to New York in 1913 and worked as a draftsman for the Navy, which changed his style of painting significantly. On December 24, 1934, Benton was featured on the first color cover of Time magazine. Benton taught at the Art Students League of New York from 1926 to 1935 and at the Kansas City Art Institute from 1935 to 1941 Jackson Pollack, a famous abstract artist, was one of his students In 1937, he published his critically acclaimed autobiography, An Artist in America , which was praised by Sinclair Lewis: “Here’s a rare thing, a painter who can write.” Benton’s sculpture like paintings depicted everyday life in the United States. April 15, 1889 - January 19, 1975

Benton was born in Neosho, Missouri

He enrolled at the Art Institute of Chicago, but left for Paris in 1909 to continue his art education at the Académie Julian

He returned to New York in 1913 and worked as a draftsman for the Navy, which changed his style of painting significantly.

On December 24, 1934, Benton was featured on the first color cover of Time magazine.

Benton taught at the Art Students League of New York from 1926 to 1935 and at the Kansas City Art Institute from 1935 to 1941

Jackson Pollack, a famous abstract artist, was one of his students

In 1937, he published his critically acclaimed autobiography, An Artist in America , which was praised by Sinclair Lewis: “Here’s a rare thing, a painter who can write.”

Benton’s sculpture like paintings depicted everyday life in the United States.

The following slides are some of Thomas Hart Benton’s most famous artworks

People of Chilmark 1920

The Twist 1964

Parks, the Circus, the Klan, the Press 1933

Fisherman at Sunset 1947

Photography Before the 1920’s “dry-plate” and “wet-plate” negatives , which made picture taking less cumber some, were used These never became quite popular in 1920, plastic based films were produced, which became very popular Different paper used to print the photographs were used Glass plates and salted paper Non curling paper and non flammable plastic based film were key improvements in the 1920’s Color film will be developed later in the 1930’s Some famous photographers of the 1920’s included Ansel Adams and Man Ray Ansel Adams

Before the 1920’s “dry-plate” and “wet-plate” negatives , which made picture taking less cumber some, were used

These never became quite popular

in 1920, plastic based films were produced, which became very popular

Different paper used to print the photographs were used

Glass plates and salted paper

Non curling paper and non flammable plastic based film were key improvements in the 1920’s

Color film will be developed later in the 1930’s

Some famous photographers of the 1920’s included Ansel Adams and Man Ray

Man Ray Born in South Philly, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Birth name: Emmanuel Radnitzky when he acquired the nickname “ Manny,” he changed his name to Man Ray for short Described by most as a modernist Lived in New York for some time, yet spent most of his life in Paris, France Met Alice Prin, in France, who became a model for many of his works Known for his avant-grade, or experimental, photography of fashion and portraits Apart from photography, Man Ray was also a painter, sculptor, and collage artist He also experimented with short films In 1963 he published his autobiography, Self-Portrait August 27, 1890 – November 18, 1976

Born in South Philly, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Birth name: Emmanuel Radnitzky

when he acquired the nickname “ Manny,” he changed his name to Man Ray for short

Described by most as a modernist

Lived in New York for some time, yet spent most of his life in Paris, France

Met Alice Prin, in France, who became a model for many of his works

Known for his avant-grade, or experimental, photography of fashion and portraits

Apart from photography, Man Ray was also a painter, sculptor, and collage artist

He also experimented with short films

In 1963 he published his autobiography, Self-Portrait

The following slides are some of Man Ray’s most famous artworks

Les Champs Délicieux 1976

Iron Date unknown

Noire et Blanche 1926

Glass Tears 1926

Abstract Expressionism Post World War II art movement “ energetic” and “rebellious” style Described as “action painting” Usually used vibrant, bright colors, on large canvases major centers of this style were New York City, and the San Francisco Bay area of California. Some of the most famous Abstract artists included Jackson Pollack, Barnett Newman, Williem de Kooning, and Hans Hofmann We are in the process of making the world, to a certain extent, in our own image.“-Barnett Newman Onement Barnett Newmann

Post World War II art movement

“ energetic” and “rebellious” style

Described as “action painting”

Usually used vibrant, bright colors, on large canvases

major centers of this style were New York City, and the San Francisco Bay area of California.

Some of the most famous Abstract artists included Jackson Pollack, Barnett Newman, Williem de Kooning, and Hans Hofmann

We are in the process of making the world, to a certain extent, in our own image.“-Barnett Newman

Jackson Pollack born in Cody, Wyoming In 1930 he moved to New York and studied under Thomas Hart Benton In 1945 he married Lee Krasner, another abstract artist Pollock was introduced to the use of liquid paint in 1936, at an experimental workshop operated in New York City he began painting with his canvases laid out on the studio floor, and developed what was later called his "drip" technique He was nicknamed “Jack the Dipper” after his techniques Pollock's technique of pouring and dripping paint is thought to be one of the origins of the term action painting His style was focused on the movement of his hand and how the paint absorbed into the canvas Jackson numbered his paintings because he thought titles distracted from the art January 28, 1912 – August 11, 1956

born in Cody, Wyoming

In 1930 he moved to New York and studied under Thomas Hart Benton

In 1945 he married Lee

Krasner, another abstract artist

Pollock was introduced to the use of liquid paint in 1936, at an experimental workshop operated in New York City

he began painting with his canvases laid out on the studio floor, and developed what was later called his "drip" technique

He was nicknamed “Jack the Dipper” after his techniques

Pollock's technique of pouring and dripping paint is thought to be one of the origins of the term action painting

His style was focused on the movement of his hand and how the paint absorbed into the canvas

Jackson numbered his paintings because he thought titles distracted from the art

The following slides are some of Jackson Pollack’s most famous artworks

Number 18 1956

Number 8 1949

Number 1 (Lavender Mist) 1950

Willem de Kooning Most known for his abstract paintings born in Rotterdam, the Netherlands He attended the Rotterdam Academy of Fine Arts and Techniques for eight years In 1926, De Kooning entered the United States as a stowaway on a British freighter, the SS Shelly , to Newport News, Virginia He supported himself as a housepainter until he moved into his own studio in 1927 Kooning is known for his bold style He overlaps objects to create dimension throughout the work Kooning focuses most of his painting on human figures as well as landscapes His paintings sell for millions of dollars April 24, 1904 – March 19, 1997

Most known for his abstract paintings

born in Rotterdam, the Netherlands

He attended the Rotterdam Academy of Fine Arts and Techniques for eight years

In 1926, De Kooning entered the United States as a stowaway on a British freighter, the SS Shelly , to Newport News, Virginia

He supported himself as a housepainter until he moved into his own studio in 1927

Kooning is known for his bold style

He overlaps objects to create dimension throughout the work

Kooning focuses most of his painting on human figures as well as landscapes

His paintings sell for millions of dollars

The following slides are some of Willem de Kooning’s most famous artworks

Woman V 1952

Excavation 1950

No title 1988

Asheville 1948

Genre Works Also called “realists” Represented scenes of everyday life Usually of markets, parties, streets, inns…etc. Ordinary people doing common activities Paintings were usually not as colorful as other styles of the period Genre works generally have a more realists look to them compared to abstract and surrealism Some of the most famous genre artists of the period include George Luks and Charles Hawthorne Peasant Dance , 1568, oil on wood, by Pieter Brueghel

Also called “realists”

Represented scenes of everyday life

Usually of markets, parties, streets, inns…etc.

Ordinary people doing common activities

Paintings were usually not as colorful as other styles of the period

Genre works generally have a more realists look to them compared to abstract and surrealism

Some of the most famous genre artists of the period include George Luks and Charles Hawthorne

George Luks August 13, 1867- October 29, 1933 Born in Williamsport, Pennsylvania Luks studied at the Pennsylvania Academy before he traveled though Europe where he attended several art schools returned to Philadelphia in 1893 where he was an illustrator for the Philadelphia Press Was part of a group of artists that called each other “the Philadelphia Five” Later became “the Eight” when three other members joined Painted scenes of everyday life Most famous for his scenes of life in New York City Very skilled at capturing gestures, as well as background details Was known for being a rebel; his friends adored him because of his humor and the way he inspired them " I'm George Luks, and I'm a rare bird. You people stick with me and you'll have a good time. "

Born in Williamsport, Pennsylvania

Luks studied at the Pennsylvania Academy before he traveled though Europe where he attended several art schools

returned to Philadelphia in 1893 where he was an illustrator for the Philadelphia Press

Was part of a group of artists that called each other “the Philadelphia Five”

Later became “the Eight” when three other members joined

Painted scenes of everyday life

Most famous for his scenes of life in New York City

Very skilled at capturing gestures, as well as background details

Was known for being a rebel; his friends adored him because of his humor and the way he inspired them

" I'm George Luks, and I'm a rare bird. You people stick with me and you'll have a good time. "

The following slides are some of George Luk’s most famous artworks

Street Scene (Hester Street ) 1905

In the Steerage 1900

New York City Date unknown When using an art grid technique, you find that the focal point of the painting is where the mother is tugging on the little boy’s ear. Notice that certain heads in the painting are turned toward this scene to bring your eyes into the center.

Charles Hawthorne American portrait and Genre Painter Born in Maine Worked in a stain glass factory in New York Studied abroad in both Holland and Italy Traveled to France from time to time Founded the Cape Cod School of Art in 1899 Norman Rockwell was one of his students Known for his tones and values in oil paintings January 8, 1872 – November 29, 1930 Self portrait of Charles Hawthorne when he was young

American portrait and Genre Painter

Born in Maine

Worked in a stain glass factory in New York

Studied abroad in both Holland and Italy

Traveled to France from time to time

Founded the Cape Cod School of Art in 1899

Norman Rockwell was one of his students

Known for his tones and values in oil paintings

The following slides are some of Charles Hawthorne’s most famous artworks

Crew of the Philomena Manta 1915

Girl in the Yellow Scarf 1904

A Study in White 1925

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