The French Revolution Louis XVI - Napoleon

Setting the Stage 1788 King Louis XVI needs cash France bankrupt Fighting the British during the 7 Years War (French and Indian War) Supported America during the American Revolution Upkeep on Palace of Versailles

1788 King Louis XVI needs cash

France bankrupt

Fighting the British during the 7 Years War (French and Indian War)

Supported America during the American Revolution

Upkeep on Palace of Versailles

Louis Calls the Estates-General Estates General Similar to Parliament Representatives from each of the 3 classes of French society 1 st Estate - Clergy 2nd Estate - Nobles 3rd Estate – Everyone else - bourgeoisie - artists, farmers, Peasants, city workers etc

Estates General

Similar to Parliament

Representatives from each of the 3 classes of French society

Divide up room 1 st Estate on right (2 people) 2 nd Estate in middle ( 2 people) 3 rd Estate on left ( everyone else) The issue for today’s vote: Extra Credit

1 st Estate on right (2 people)

2 nd Estate in middle ( 2 people)

3 rd Estate on left ( everyone else)

The issue for today’s vote:

Extra Credit

Estates General 1 st Estate has 300 members and one vote 2 nd Estate has 300 members and one vote 3 rd Estate has 600 members and one vote How do you feel about this if you are in the 3 rd Estate??? WHY?

1 st Estate has 300 members and one vote

2 nd Estate has 300 members and one vote

3 rd Estate has 600 members and one vote

How do you feel about this if you are in the 3 rd Estate???

WHY?

Demand for Change 3 rd Estate wants to change voting procedures. Want to establish a National Assembly where EACH representative has a vote.

3 rd Estate wants to change voting procedures.

Want to establish a National Assembly where EACH representative has a vote.

King Louis XVI’s Response Get the idea?? NADA!!! No!!, No Way!!! Aint gonna happen!!!, Forgetaboutit!!! Nope!!! Uh-uh!!! Not on my watch!!! Not here, not now, not ever!!!

Get the idea??

3 rd Estate Response May 1789 -Representatives meet on an indoor tennis court and pledged that they would not leave until the king agrees to their demands “ The Tennis Court Oath” Embarrassing situation for the king King agrees Establishment of The National Assembly

May 1789 -Representatives meet on an indoor tennis court and pledged that they would not leave until the king agrees to their demands

“ The Tennis Court Oath”

Embarrassing situation for the king

King agrees

Establishment of The National Assembly

Bastille Day July 1789 French farmers, peasants do not have enough to eat and are paying high taxes Nobles out of touch (“Let them eat cake”) Peasants getting a bit rowdy Louis XVI starts assembling troops at Versailles People fear he is planning to attack the new National Assembly and arrest members

July 1789 French farmers, peasants do not have enough to eat and are paying high taxes

Nobles out of touch (“Let them eat cake”)

Peasants getting a bit rowdy

Louis XVI starts assembling troops at Versailles

People fear he is planning to attack the new National Assembly and arrest members

Bastille Day continued People in Paris hear about the troops Begin to riot. July 14, 1789 - Attack the Bastille – fortress prison in Paris holding political prisoners, debtors, criminals etc. Seen as a symbol of Kings power People storm the prison and free the prisoners.

People in Paris hear about the troops

Begin to riot.

July 14, 1789 - Attack the Bastille – fortress prison in Paris holding political prisoners, debtors, criminals etc.

Seen as a symbol of Kings power

People storm the prison and free the prisoners.

Declaration of the Rights of Man National Assembly votes to eliminate all classes, titles, nobility. Say nobles and clergy must pay taxes too Serves as a basis for French Constitution “ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”

National Assembly votes to eliminate all classes, titles, nobility.

Say nobles and clergy must pay taxes too

Serves as a basis for French Constitution

“ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”

Revolution gets out of hand Riots soon spread to countryside Peasants attack nobles in their houses. Kill many nobles Nobles and Clergy living in fear

Riots soon spread to countryside

Peasants attack nobles in their houses. Kill many nobles

Nobles and Clergy living in fear

Revolution Getting out of Control King Louis XVI attempts to flee the country with his wife Marie Antoinette Captured and brought back Radicals getting more say in how the government should be run

King Louis XVI attempts to flee the country with his wife Marie Antoinette

Captured and brought back

Radicals getting more say in how the government should be run

Outside Influences 1792-1793 Other nations of Europe worry that revolution in France will spread to their countries.

1792-1793 Other nations of Europe worry that revolution in France will spread to their countries.

We better stop this This is getting out of hand The killed their King!!! This is not good

Other nations invade France Austria, Prussia (Germany), Spain, Britain, wage war on France. French fight them off Radicals in France gain even more power

Austria, Prussia (Germany), Spain, Britain, wage war on France.

French fight them off

Radicals in France gain even more power

Rule of Revolution #2 “ In the midst of chaos, the one who comes out on top is the one who is most organized and willing to speak out.” Mr. J

“ In the midst of chaos, the one who comes out on top is the one who is most organized and willing to speak out.”

Mr. J

Radicals Gain Control Robespierre and the “Committee for Public Safety” Begin hunting down all those seen as a threat to the Revolution 1793 Louis and Marie sent to the guillotine “ Reign of Terror” Begins Around 30,000 people will be sent to the guillotine Nobles, peasants, workers, anyone Robespierre saw as a threat to the revolution

Robespierre and the “Committee for Public Safety”

Begin hunting down all those seen as a threat to the Revolution

1793 Louis and Marie sent to the guillotine

“ Reign of Terror” Begins

Around 30,000 people will be sent to the guillotine

Nobles, peasants, workers, anyone Robespierre saw as a threat to the revolution

Reign of Terror “ Reign of Terror” Begins Around 30,000 people will be sent to the guillotine Nobles, peasants, workers, anyone Robespierre saw as a threat to the revolution

“ Reign of Terror” Begins

Around 30,000 people will be sent to the guillotine

Nobles, peasants, workers, anyone Robespierre saw as a threat to the revolution

End of Reign of Terror 1794 – National Convention feels Robespierre has gone over the line He is arrested, tried, convicted and executed Don’t you just love the irony of it all???

1794 – National Convention feels Robespierre has gone over the line

He is arrested, tried, convicted and executed

Don’t you just love the irony of it all???

Impact of the Revolution Monarchy is gone Old feudal customs are gone Slavery in French colonies abolished France becomes democratic country The Directory 2 house legislature and committee of 5 Directors Inefficient, quarrelsome, France has LARGE, experienced army Rising young star in that army – Napoleon Bonaparte

Monarchy is gone

Old feudal customs are gone

Slavery in French colonies abolished

France becomes democratic country

The Directory

2 house legislature and committee of 5 Directors

Inefficient, quarrelsome,

France has LARGE, experienced army

Rising young star in that army – Napoleon Bonaparte