1. By: Melissa Velez, Alex Nguyen,
Anfranee Vanterpool, Jordan Hebbert,
Alex Hrenko
2. After what happened in pearl harbor, FDR had to
prepare his army for anything, that could
happen. He required that anyone between the
ages of 21 and 36 must be registered for military
service. Later on FDR shared his vision, of the
“four freedoms speech” which is what his army
would be fighting for. This was freedom of
speech, and expression. Freedom of worship.
Freedom of want and last of all freedom of fear.
A painter names Norman Rockwell illustrated
these four freedoms in a series of paintings.
3.
4. Many men and women served in World War II,
as soldiers, sailors, and aviators. They were
all considered GIs. This was considered a
“government issue”.
-No matter how bad the conditions that
soldier went through; deserts, swamps, seas,
and skies, the soldiers knew what they were
fighting for, even though the dreamed about
going home and relaxing.
5. Itdidn’t matter what your ethnicity was, or
where you came from, if you lived in the US
and wanted to serve for the country, they let
you. There was more than 300,000 Mexican
Americans, and 25,000 native Americans that
also served. 400 Navajos were recruited to
become radio operators. They had a special
language, that the enemies could not figure
out, so it was perfect for communicating
during battle.
6. Women became more involved with the war,
there was about 350,00 American women.
Even though they didn’t go into combat, they
were used in other areas such as clerks,
typists, airfield control tower operators,
mechanics, photographers, and drivers.
7. Women who drive pilots in World
War II
Women who fight for their
country
8.
F.D.R knew in order to meet Allied demand. The federal government would have to
have to take control of the production of the American businesses.
the government had already gained a tremendous amount of power during the New
Deal. On January 1942 the (WPB) also know as the War Production Board was
created.
The program was created so that companies that made nonmilitary goods can
quickly be changed to produce war goods. This quickly halted production of most
civilian consumers goods.
As the war continued many other programs and agencies were created to help with
the war production. On May 1943 the president appointed James F.Byrnes a longtime
member of congress
and close advisors to head the Office of War Mobilization . The office would be like
a super agency in the centralization of resources. Henry j Kaiser introduced mass
production of the Liberty
ships from 400 days to 40.The Liberty ships were large ships carried supplies or
troops. In 1944 American production levels doubled those of all the axis nations
together. By the middle of 1945 the nations had produced 300,000 airplanes,
100,000 tanks or armored cars ,5,600 ships 2,600 of those were the liberty ships, 6
Million rifles and over 41 billion rounds of ammunition.
9.
The war production benefited the American workers also,
ending the massive unemployment of the 1930s
unemployment virtually disappear during the war. Not only
did people get jobs they were making more money with
more people working union membership increased by
about 5 million from 1941 to 1915 after pearl harbor labor,
and businesses representive agreed to refrain to "locksout"
or "strikes".
As the cost of living during the war time increased the
unions were finding it hard to honor there agreement. the
number of strikes rose sharply in the last two years of the
war. John.l Lewis head of the united mine workers union
called strike on 4 different occasions . in 1943 the workers
watched as the cost of living increased while there wages
stayed the same. Secretary of the interior Harold l Ickes
finally negotiated an agreement with Lewis. Meanwhile
congress passed the Smith connally act in June 1943
limiting further striking activity.
10.
11.
The United States to spend whatever was
necessary to sustain the war effort. Federal
spending increased from 8.9 billion to 95.2
billion between 1939 to 1945 . The Gross
National Product more than doubled between
1941 to 1945. The government spent about 321
billion more than 10 times the amount spent on
WW1. The tresurary department launched bond
drives to encourage Americans to buy war bonds
to help finance the war. Total war bond sales
totaled about 186 billion dollars. The country
could not afford to pay all the war cost so deficit
spending allowed a way to postpone some of the
payments. Deficit spending raised the national
debt from 43 billion dollars to 259 billion dollars
from 1940 to 1945.
12.
13. Wartime jobs gave people extra cash for the first time
since the depression. However shortages and rationing
limited goods for people that could afford it. The supply of
food dropped greatly due to demand because the
government need food for the military. Worried the
shortage of food would cause prices to increase the
governmnet used tough measures to head off inflation. In
1941 The (OPA) or Office of Price Administrations was
established due to executive order. The OPA's job was to
control inflation by limiting prices and rents.
The cost of living had rised but not nearly as much as it did
during WW!.the OPA also oversaw rationing during the war.
The goal of rationing was to fairly distribute scarce items.
Its issued ration books of coupons worth a certain number
of point for categories of food or clothing.
14. -
With so many good unavailable Americans looked
for other ways to spend their money. Civilians
bought more books and magazines. They bought
recording of popular songs. They flocked to
baseball even though most of their favorite
players went off to war. Millions of Americans
about 60 percent of the population went to the
movies every week.
15. The government understood the need to keep up moral. It
encouraged citizens to participate in the war effort while
persuading them to accept rationing and conserve precious
resources Roosevelt established the office of war
information in June 1942 to work with magazine
publishers, advertising agencies, and radio stations. At
hired workers and artists to create posters and ads that
stirred Americans patriotic feelings. One popular idea was
the victory garden, a home vegetable garden planted to as
to the home food supply and replace farm produce sent to
feed soldiers. The war became apart of everyday life.
people drew their shades for nighttime "blackouts" which
tested there readiness for possible bombing raids. Women
knit scarves and socks or rolled bandages for the red cross.
the government encouraged recycling of metal paper and
other materials for war production.
