A professional water treatment equipment manufacturer

1. Water treatment equipment
Sichuan Shanshui Technology Co., Ltd.

2. www. scsswater.com
Basic definitions
High purity water/Ultrapure water
Pure water
Softened water
Original water/raw water

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Original water
The original water/raw water is refer to the
natural untreated water. In a broad way,
we call it raw water that hasn’t been in the process
of water-treating. For example, the water that will
be sent to the settling pond can be called raw water.

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Various water sources

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Softened water
What is softened water?
It refers to the water whose water hardness had
been reduced to a certain degree(especially the
removal or reduction of calcium & magnesium
ions) .When the water is being softened, its
hardness will lower but the total ion content will
be unchanged.
Treating technology: Na-ion Exchanger

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Water-softening devices
Na-ion Exchanger: Static bed/fixed bed

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Water-softening devices
Na-ion Exchanger: Floating bed

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Pure water
Pure water：The water in which the strong electrolyte
had been removed and the weak electrolyte like silicic acid
& carbon dioxide had been reduced to a certain degree can
be called pure water. The Salinity of pure water is below
1.0mg/L, and the electrical conductivity is less than
50μs/cm.
Treating technology: Pre-treatment(conventional
filtration /disc type filtering/ ultrafiltration /microfiltration）
+membrane filtration（RO/Nanofiltration）

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Installations
Main tech：ultrafiltration + RO Main tech：conventional filtration + RO

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High purity water/Ultrapure water
High purity water/ Ultrapure water ：
To remove almost all the conducting medium in the water as well as to reduce
the persistent colloidal substance ,gases & organic matters in it to a very low
level, we got high purity water/ultrapure water.
For the high purity water, the electrical conductivity is less than 0.067μs/cm
while the resistivity exceeds 15 MΩ.cm
Treating tech:
Pre-treatment（conventional filtration/disc type filtration/ultrafiltration
/microfiltration）+RO + continuous EDI
Pre-treatment （conventional filtration/disc type filtration/ultrafiltration
/microfiltration）+RO +Ion exchange
Pre-treatment （conventional filtration/disc type filtration/ultrafiltration
/microfiltration）+RO + continuous EDI +polishing mixed bed

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Equipments
Main tech: RO+continuous EDI Main tech: RO+ mixed bed

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Installations
Main tech: Ultrafiltration+ RO+continuous EDI +polishing mixed bed

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Category Introduction
Nanofiltration membrane filter
Ultrafiltration membrane filter
Conventional filter
Integrated water purifier
RO filter
Ion exchanger
Continuous EDI equipment
Polishing mixed bed
Microporus filter
Disc filter

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Integrated water purifier
Integrated water purifier is used to purify the surface
water that comes from the river and lake. It collected all the
advantages of flocculation, precipitation, sewage disposal,
backwashing and water collecting filtration in itself. It is
such a water purification device that can achieve single unit
operation automatically ,moreover, it is also the important
unit to achieve automated management on the basis of
unmanned operation

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Inflow water quality & effluent quality
of Integrated water purifier
Inflow water quality Effluent quality
Index Value Index Value
Turbidity ≤3000ppm Turbidity ≤5ppm

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Appearance of the Integrated water purifier
Working pressure is about 0.05MPa，water discharging pressure is about 0.02MPa

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Conventional filter
Mechanical filter
In order to removing the iron &
manganese ions as well as
reducing the suspended solids &
the turbidity, the filtering tanks
were filled in with different filter
medium(quartz sand, anthracite,
manganese sand ) for grading.
The filters are made of
fiberglass/carbon steel/stainless
steel
Conventional filter
Active carbon filter
In order to absorbing
residual chlorine,
removing organic
substances as well as
reducing the chroma
etc, the filtering tanks
were filled in with
active carbon for
grading;
The filters are made of
fiberglass/carbon
steel/stainless steel

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The inflow water quality & effluent quality
of conventional filters
1
Inflow water quality for
Multi-media filter ：
2
Inflow water quality for
Manganese sand filter ：
3
Inflow water quality for
activated carbon filter：
Index Inflow effluent
Turbidity ≤15NTU ≤3NTU
Suspended
solids
≤20mg/L ≤2mg/L
Index Inflow effluent
Fe ≤6mg/L ≤0.3mg/L
Mn ≤0.5mg/L ≤0.1mg/L
Index Inflow effluent
Turbidity ≤5NTU ≤1NTU
Chroma ≤15 ≤5
Residual
Cl
≤3mg/L ≤0.1mg/L

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Appearance of conventional filters
For the conventional filters, the water inflowed at the top and outflowed at the bottom;
the flow velocity is 8-12m/h;working station switchover: running,backwashing,normal washing
Running pressure: around 0.3MPa，manual control or automatic control

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Disc filter
Filtration
components
A group of filter plates with grooves（different filter
plates are selected according to the inflow water quality).
there are many arrises with different structure on both
sides of the filter plate overlapped together to keep the
suspended solids by constituting the intercepting layer
Filtration
mode
When the raw water entered into the filter unit ,the
spring and the water pressed on the filter plates with
grooves ,the suspended solids and alga were reserved
on the intercepting layer of filter plates ,then clean
water passed through the compressed filter
Function
To remove the larger impurities; to protect
safety running of the follow-up equipment.

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Disc filtration devices
Work functional picture Equipment pic
Water inlet
Water outlet
Backwash valve
Filtration status
Backwash
status

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Microporus filter
 Microfiltration is called micro porous filtration which belongs to the fine filtration. It
takes the porous membrane(Microporous Membrane) as the filtering medium to hold
back those particles like grit, ooze and loam as well as the giardia, cryptosporidium, alga
and some bacteria etc in the solution when pushed by the pressure of 0.1~0.3MPa,while
most solvent, micromolecular solutes and a little macromolecular solutes can pass
through the membrane separation process.
 Features: The particles from 0.1 to 1 μm can be held back by microfiltration, because
the microfiltration membrane lets the macromolecular organics and inorganic salt pass
through, but prevents the suspended solids, bacteria, some virus and some big colloforms
from penetrating it. Generally, the running pressure difference(the effective driving
force) between both sides of the microfiltration membrane is 0.7bar; it is high-efficiency,
convenient and economic.
 How it works? Screening, filtration at cake layer, depth filtration. Generally speaking,
the separation mechanism of microfiltration acts as the screening mechanism, the
physical structure of the membrane plays a decisive role during the whole process, in
addition, such factors as the absorbtion and electrical property have an effect on
interception rate too.

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Microporus filter pics
Cartridge filter：plastic shell Cartridge filter：304 stainless steel Bag filter

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The ultrafiltration membrane
used in producing industrial pure
water is mainly hollow fiber
membrane
The hollow fiber membrane
includes internal pressure type &
external pressure type
For the external pressure hollow
fiber membrane,the raw water
entered in from the outside of
membrane while the purified
water was got from the inside of
membrane.otherwise,it’s the
internal pressure type.
The ultrafiltration is a
seperation process
that one kind of
pressurized active
membrane is used to
hold back the
colloforms, particles
and those solids with
high molecular
weight and let the
water and small
solute particles
penetrate it
The typical diameter of
ultrafiltration
membrane hole is from
0.01 to 0.1 µms.The
smaller the hole is,the
higher removal rate is.
Be used to remove
particulates,bacteria
and reduce the turbidity
of water
Ultrafiltration membrane filter
Working
principle
Classification Main function

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Inflow water quality & effluent quality
of ultrafiltration
Index Inflow Outflow
TDS ＜5% —
Diameter of particles ＜100μm —
Turbidity
＜15NTU（PVC）
＜0.1NTU
＜25NTU（PVDF）
oil/lipid ＜2mg/L —
SDI ＜3
Bateria removal rate ≥99.99%
PH 2-11 —
Temp 5-45℃ —
Max instantaneous tolerate
residual chlorine
concentration
＜0.5ppm —
Total Fe content ＜1ppm —

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Ultrafiltration membrane component structure

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Auxiliary systems to ultrafiltration
Backwas
hing
system
This system includes backwashing water
tank(usually works with ultrafiltration water
tank),backwashing pump and backwashing
dosing device( Naclo,acid,alkali)
Such backwashing performs for every 30 mins
and can extend to 30~60s.The exact time will
depends on the difference of water quality.
Cleaning
system
This system includes water tank cleansing
system,washing pump and precision filter;it is
usually acid pickling/alkali cleaning.Such
cleaning performs for every 3 months and can
extend to 1~2 hoursThe exact time will
depends on the difference of water quality.

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Ultrafiltration installations

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To remove the
organics in surface
water and the
chroma of water;to
reduce the hardness
and
radioactive radium
in well water;to
remove partly the
soluble salt;to
seperate the useful
substances from
medicines.
NF is one kind of
membrane seperation
process driven by
pressure between RO
and UF.The diameter
range of NF is just
about several
nanameters.Its
operating pressure is
lower than that of
RO,therefore,it is also
called low pressure RO
or Loose RO
Drinkable water
producing equipment
To recycle/remove
micromolecule
organics
Concentrated juice
Oil-water
serepation
To
purify,concentrate,des
alt for the dye stuff
Nanofiltration
Description Function Application

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Nanofiltration membrane structure
Membrane
component shell
Central
permeation tube Raw stuff
(medium)
Membrane
Nano filtered
permeate

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Nanafiltration installations
This system includes
water tank cleansing
system,washing pump
and precision filter;it
is usually acid
pickling/alkali
cleaning.Such
cleaning performs for
every 6 months
approximately and
can extend to 1~2
hours.The exact time
will depends on the
difference of water
quality

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Reverse osmosis
Description：Reverse osmosis is one kind of membrane seperation process
to seperate the solvent from solution on the condition that driven by pressure
difference.When putting pressure on the solution at one side of membrane, if
the pressure is beyond its osmotic pressure,the solvent will permeate the
membrane in reverse,then,the solvent passed by at low pressure side of
membrane,we called such solvent penetrating fluid,and the solution got at high
pressure side of membrane is contrated solution.
Application:Space water production,pure water production,distilled water
production; liquor manufacturing & water for alcohol reduction;pre-production
of medical water & electronics industry use water; contration
process,seperation process,purification process and water distribution process
in chemical industry; desalting & softening of boiler feedwater ; sea water &
better water desalinization;water production & sewage treatment in paper
industry,electroplating industry,dyeing industry,food industry ; advanced
treatment of municipal wastewater

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Working principle of RO
Basic principle：The dilute solution(fresh water) and the concentrated
solution(sea water or saline water) with same volume are poured respectively
into a vessel of which there is a semipermeable membrane set in the middle to
cut off the two kinds of solution,the solvent included in dilute solution will
naturally pass through the semipermeable membrane to flow into the
concentrated solution side,the liquid level of the concentrated solution will be
higher than that of the dilute solution,which forms pressure difference(namely
osmotic pressure) and achieves osmotic balance;how such osmotic pressure is
depends on the kinds,concentration and temperature of the concentrated solution
but has nothing to do with the quality of semipermeable membrane. If there is a
pressure that higher than osmotic pressure forced on the concentration solution
side,the solvent in the concentrated solution will flow into the dilute solution
side,the flowing direction of such solvent is contrary to original direction,we
called it RO.
Semipermeable
membrane
Solute+
solvent
Solute
Initial state
Osmotic
pressure
Solute+
solvent Solute
Solute
Osmosis & osmotic balance
pressuring
Solute+
solvent
solvent
solvent
Semipermeable
membrane
Semipermeable
membrane

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Inflow water quality of RO
Index
Allowable value How to dispose?
Membrane polluted index
Suspended
solids
turbidity ＜1NTU
Filtration, flocculation,microfiltratio
n,ultrafiltration
SDI15 ＜5
Filtration,flocculation,microfiltration
,ultrafiltration
particles ＜100个/ml
filtration,flocculation,microfiltration,
ultrafiltration
microorganism ＜1个/ml
Sterilization,microfiltration,ultrafiltr
ation
Metallic oxide
Fe、Fe3+
＜50μg/L Oxidization+precipitation/filtration
Mn、Mn ＜50μg/L dispersing agent is used
scaling
substances
CaCO3 LSI＜0 antiscaling agent is used
CaSO4 ＜230% antiscaling agent is used
BaSO4 ＜6000% antiscaling agent is used
SrSO4 ＜800% antiscaling agent is used
CaF2
The concentration of thick water＜
1.7mg/L
Ca（PO4）2
The concentration of thick water can not
exceed the solubility
SiO2 ＜100%或＜40ppm
organics oil 0 Air floatation,absorbtion
TOC ＜10mg/L
Active carbon,filtration, resin-
absorbtion
COD ＜10mg/L
Active carbon,filtration, resin-
absorbtion
BOD ＜5mg/L
Active carbon,filtration, resin-
absorbtion
Membrane cracking index
PH value 3～10 Controlled by acid & alkali
temp 5～45℃ Heat exchanger
oxidizing agen
t
Residual chlorine ＜0.1mg/L
Reducing agent,active carbon
absortion
ozone 0
Others 0
alcohol ＜10% N/A

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RO installations

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Ion exchange
Cation bed Anion bed Mixed bed TEXT
The cation bed is
also called cation
exchager in which
the casion resion is
filled to remove
the positive ion of
the water.
The anion bed
is also called
anion
exchanger in
which the anion
resin is filled to
remove the
negative ion of the
water
The mixed bed is
also called mixed
bed exchanger in
which the cation-
anion
resin is filled to
remove both
positive and
negative ion of the
water

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Inflow water quality & effluent quality of the first stage compound-bed
Water treatment
process
Index Inflow Outflow
The first stage
compound bed
Total positive ion ≤6mmol/L
Total strong acidic
negative ion
≤1.5mmol/L
SiO3(-2) ＜15mg/L ＜0.1mg/L
Electric conductivity ≤10μS/cm
The first stage compound bed：cation bed—carbon remover-anion bed

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Inflow water quality & effluent quality required
by the first stage compound bed+mixed bed
Water treatment
process
Index Inflow Outflow
The first stage
compound bed+mixed
bed
Total positive ion ≤10mmol/L
Total strong acidic
negative ion
≤3mmol/L
SiO3(-2) ＜15mg/L ＜0.02mg/L
Electric conductivity ≤0.2μS/cm

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Ion exchange equipment
The resins filled in the ion exchange system
had to be regenerated by acid & alkali at
regular intervals as the circumstances may
require 。

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No need to acid-
alkali
regeneration,advanc
ed
technology,compact
structure,easy to
operate,effluent
quality is steady,
easy to achieve
automatic control ，
small size and so on
EDI combined skillfully
the electroosmosis
with the ion exchange
technique , the charged
ion in the water moves
under the high pressure
of both electrodes，
along with ion exchange
resin & selective resin
membrane,EDI can
speed up ions’
movement and removal
to purify the water
Semi-conductor &
ultrapure water
electronics industry
Biology &
pharmaceutical industr
y-purified water
Power station-boiler
feedwater
Replace various kind
of distilled water
Other industries
who has higher
requirement for the
purity of water
Electro deionization(EDI)
Description Advantages Application

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EDI Inflow water quality& effluent quality
Water treatment
process
Index Inflow Outflow
EDI
Electric conductivity 2-40μs/cm
electrical resistivity ≥14MΩ.cm
SiO2 ＜1mg/L
Total hardness（take CaCO3
as example）
＜1mg/L
ＰＨvalue 4～11 4～11
Inlet water pressure 1.4-7Bar
Si ＜0.5mg/L
Temp 4-45℃
dissolved organics(ＴＯＣ) ＜0.5mg/L
Residual chlorine ＜0.02mg/L
Fe,Mn,sulfide ＜0.01mg/L

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EDI Installations
EDI washing
system includes
washing
box,washing pump
and precision
filter,usually works
along with RO
washing system.

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EDI installations

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Polishing mixed bed/One-time mixed bed
The polishing mixed bed is also called one-time mixed bed, it is usually
used in the end of the whole process to improve the effluent quality
furtherly. The resin used for the polishing mixed bed can not be
regenerated and reused, as a general rule, the resin had to be replaced at
a interval of about 8-12 months.

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One-time mixed bed installations

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In summary
In general, all the equipment in our company are designed
and supplied as per customers’s requirements, project
status and our project experience, guaranteed quality and
completed after-sale service system are supplied together.

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