Catalonia Int'l Univ. WS for 311 Earthquake Recovery on Dec.,2011

1. PROJECTGunther Stoll I Michela Guglielmi I Ella TEMPORARY HOUSING IN OFUNATO
Nazanin Mehregan I
PROPOSAL FOR Yin Chi
TEMP
OUSE

2. 1 OUTLINE OF OFUNATO SITUATION
Epicentre of the 2011 Tōhoku
PACIFIC OCEAN
earthquake and tsunami
Ofunato
Location of Ofunato
in Iwate Prefecture
Location and history of disaster
 Ōfunato is situated fairly close to an undersea volcano, and suffers from frequent earthquakes of
various scales.
The 1896 Meiji-Sanriku earthquake caused a 25 metre tsunami which killed 27,000 people.
The 1933 Sanriku earthquake caused a 28 metre tsunami which killed 1522 people.
The 1960 Valdivia earthquake in Chile on 22 May 1960.
The 2011 Ōfunato earthquake caused a 23.6 metre tsunami which heavily damaged Tōhoku.

3. 6 PRODUCT CYCLE

4. 1 OUTLINE OF OFUNATO SITUATION
Characteristic of the location
• Climate
• Topography
• Geography

5. 1 OUTLINE OF OFUNATO SITUATION
Damage and needs
Ofunato suffered human damages,
lifeline damages, capital damages as
well as damage to homes,
manufacturing, agricultural, and
forestry facilities, public works, etc.
Funnelled in by a narrow bay, the tsunami
continued inland for 3 kilometres.
The town's theatre and schools are one of very
few buildings left standing and give shelter to
the tsunami survivors.
Location and history of disaster
Human & Building Damages (as of July 25th 2011) Designated
Houses No. People
Houses evacuation Evacuation Resource
% of before sites who still Damage
Ofunato Population Dead Missing Injured Total
population disaster
destroyed sites before
disaster inundated evacuated
40,737 330 122 unknown 452 1.1 15,138 3,498 58 min. 6 1370 1 mil. €

6. 1 OUTLINE OF OFUNATO SITUATION
Damage and needs
1.6% 32.6%
unemployed
QUICK of the population
under 19
25.6%
Office workers 89.1%
55.0 % 10.5% Home owners
SOCIO- of the population
over 50
Family business
8.2% 5.8 %
Fishery Apartment tenants
ECONOMIC 24.7% 39.8%
FACTS 2 person household
17.5%
Move to higher ground
18.0%
3 person household Move to higher ground
15.8%
6 person % above household
13.3%
Construct same location

7. 1 OUTLINE OF OFUNATO SITUATION
Selection of sites for temporary housing
CITY OFFICE
WORKING SPACES
SHOPPING
OFUNATO HOSPITAL
Ofunato
WORKING SPACES MAIN SITE
SITE 1 WORKING SPACES
SELECTION
SHOPPING
CRITERIA
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
HIGHWAY
HEALTH CENTRE
COMMUNITY CENTRE HARBOUR
OFUNATO TRAIN STATION
PROXIMITY
HEALTH CENTRE
INCLUSION
WORKING SPACES
SHOPPING
TERRAIN
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
CONNECTIVITY
LAND ISSUES
HIGH SCHOOL
SITE 2
HIGHWAY
SITE 3

8. 2 STRUCTURE OF PROJECT
① COUNTERPART ❷ DURATION OF SUPPLY
• Municipality Temporary 2
• Private Contractors years in accordance If possible an option for
• Beneficiaries with local regulations.
Option for incremental
acquiring ownership of the
housing units after the
• CBO s upgrading to
permanent structure.
a
end of the recovery
phase will be given to the
beneficiaries.
③ NUMBER OF SUPPLY ❹ UNIT COSTS
150 flexible housing modules: Each module around 40,000 euro
•Co-housing The total project costs is
•Single House
•Family House approx. 6 mil. euro including public
•Commercial and community facilities spaces, and infrastructure.
300 people benefited.

9. 3 SITE PLANS
MASTER PLAN OF SITE PROPOSAL

10. 3 SITE PLANS

11. 3 SITE PLANS
MASTER PLAN OF SITE PROPOSAL

12. 3 SITE PLANS
SITE SECTION
ventilation

14. 4 HOUSING CONCEPT
HOUSING CONCEPT & STRUCTURE

15. 4 HOUSING CONCEPT
Imported trailers
•Re-locatable
•transform and upgradable
•Reuse and recyclable
Permanent
Temporary PERMANENT

16. 4 HOUSING CONCEPT
Incremental
Hard Board prefab materials Steel stru. wood glass
Temporary Permanent

17. 4 HOUSING CONCEPT
One module 2 person Two module 1 family (4 or more people)
Services
Kitchen Kitchen
Services
Bed Room Living Room
Bed Room
Living Room
Vestibule Vestibule

18. 4 HOUSING CONCEPT

19. 4 HOUSING CONCEPT

20. 5 RESIDENT SELECTION AND MAINTANCE
SELECTION SCHEME
①❷④③❸❹
TENANTS MIX COMMUNITY PRIORITY
CRITERIA No. of units
reserved for
STRUCTURE
People with
people with Existing special
special needs communities needs will be
structure will served first
50% be
together
moved
① ❷ ③ ❹
PROCESS REGISTRATION EVALUATION Based on its
evaluation of
Allocation of
WITH OF THE NEEDS the new
ASSESSMENT the
THE housing units
QUESTIONARY questionnaire,
MUNICIPALITY the Recovery to the
BY beneficiaries
Board elaborates
Obligation THE
a priority list in in accordance
to fill in MUNICIPALITY accordance to to the pre-
needs the pre-selected selected.
assessment criteria.
questionary

21. 5 RESIDENT SELECTION AND MAINTANANCE
MAINTANANCE
① PARTICIPATION ❷ TRAINING/JOB CREATION
During the Simultaneously After training
The beneficiaries are included in
the construction process of the construction workshops will be the
temporary housing units in the phase technical organized by the beneficiaries
earliest construction phases as assistance will be NGO experts to will be
possible. given by experts train the employed and
contracted by the beneficiaries in paid by the
NGO. construction and NGO for their
maintenance labor input.
③ ACCOUNTABILITY ❹ OWNERSHIP
During the construction phase a If possible a option for
community architect and maintenance acquiring ownership of the
committee will be selected by the housing units after the end
community. The committee will be of the recovery phase will
accountable and responsible for the be given to the
maintenance of the new housing units
beneficiaries.
and public facilities.
The responsibility for the maintenance
of the public infrastructure is with the
municipality.

22. 6 PRODUCT CYCLE
LOGISTICS AND PRODUCT CYCLE
① MATERIAL ❷ DELIVERY & DISPOSAL
The selection of the construction Materials from the region will be given priority and
material follows the criteria of will be delivered via the existing road infrastructure.
sustainability.
Externally assembled structures will be shipped to
the city via the sea way.
Local materials will be given
priority.
Structure of the housing units will be disassembable
& moveable. The units can go back in the recovery
stock or be reused in another location of emergency
(either via the sea way or road network).
The housing units can be incrementally upgraded to
a permanent structure. A option of ownership will
be given to the beneficiaries reducing the need for
disposal and recycling.

23. 7 AFTER THE END OF CONTRACT
After the end of contract
- Land tenure issues negotiated and consulted by municipality, if remained in this site, community members
are able to decide for the ways of ownership, for instance,
- receive the ownership in case of upgrading the house to permanent, a microfinance scheme can be
presented to assist the community financially
- receive the ownership of an upgraded house by mortgage payments or a microfinance scheme
- Trailers that are upgraded and transformed to permanent housing remain and the ones that are not, are
exported for further uses.
- Community members are responsible for the maintenance of houses, that also fosters community spirit. The
sense of ownership also guaranties the good maintenance.

24. Vision and objectives
Vision and objectives
Objective: Vision:
• Provide suitable and desirable • Reduce vulnerability in long term visions
Economic
accommodation and return strategy for
the affected population Recovery• Apply prevention strategies
• Provide a safer Ofunato in terms of • Disaster as an opportunity not a threat
earthquake and Tsunami
• Adopt the redevelopment of the city to the
• Integrate community in decision shrinking population
making and implementation to increase
Social
their capacities and skills, provide job Economic
Recovery
opportunities and revive their relations. • Respecting nature and adopting to its
Recovery
geographical characteristics
• Creating a more attractive city for its
own inhabitants in addition to tourists. • Promote economical and social
Sustainability
• Promote diverse socio-economicactivities
and functions

25. 1 OUTLINE OF OFUNATO SITUATION
Selection of sites for temporary housing
CITY OFFICE
WORKING SPACES
SHOPPING
OFUNATO HOSPITAL
Ofunato
WORKING SPACES MAIN SITE
SITE 1 WORKING SPACES
SELECTION
SHOPPING
CRITERIA
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
HIGHWAY
HEALTH CENTRE
COMMUNITY CENTRE HARBOUR
OFUNATO TRAIN STATION
PROXIMITY
HEALTH CENTRE
INCLUSION
WORKING SPACES
SHOPPING
TERRAIN
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
CONNECTIVITY
LAND ISSUES
HIGH SCHOOL
SITE 2
HIGHWAY
SITE 3

26. STRATEGY PLAN

27. STRATEGY PLAN
Inundated area

28. STRATEGY PLAN
Levels of destruction
Affected residential areas
Levels of destruction

29. STRATEGY PLAN
Damage and needs
1.6% 32.6%
unemployed
QUICK of the population
under 19
25.6%
Office workers 89.1%
55.0 % 10.5% Home owners
SOCIO- of the population
over 50
Family business
8.2% 5.8 %
Fishery Apartment tenants
ECONOMIC 24.7% 39.8%
FACTS 2 person household
17.5%
Move to higher ground
18.0%
3 person household Renovation
15.8%
6 person % above household
13.3%
Construct same location

30. STRATEGY PLAN
%
%
60%
SITE 1
40%
%
%
Wall shopping
60%
40%
SITE 2

31. Wall Housing Strategy

32. LAND USE
Semi-Industrial/Public Facilities
Mixed-Use and Commerce HARBOUR
Semi-Industrial/Public Facilities
TRAIN
Semi-Industrial/Public Facilities STATION
Industry related to fisihing
Semi-industrial
Light-industrial
Special-uses
Regreation/Parks
Regreation/Parks/Sports facilities

33. LAND USE
Semi-Industrial/Public Facilities
Mixed-Use and Commerce HARBOUR
Semi-Industrial/Public Facilities
TRAIN
Semi-Industrial/Public Facilities STATION
Industry related to fisihing
Semi-industrial
Light-industrial
Special-uses
Regreation/Parks

34. 4 NEW LAND USE
SCENIC WALK

35. TSUNAMI PREPARDNESS
TRAIN STATION
TRAIN STATION

36. CROSSING PLAN

37. 4 SECTION RAILWAY DAM
TSUNAMI WALL

38. 7 TRANSPORT
TRAIN STATION
COLLECTIVE COMMUNITY TAXI (CCT)
• Purchase of 20 vans by local municipality
• Micro-finance scheme to purchase in
payments for community members
• Training of 20 local community members
• Subsidized transport fees for recovery phase
Peak hours: Fixed schedule I Fixed collection
points and destinations
Off hours: Fix schedule I Flexible destination
TRAIN STATION

39. TIMELINE

40. RECOVERY STRATEGY

41. RECOVERY TIMELINE
Temporary
Commercail
market
activity
Farm
Land
Evacuation Income/Job Festival
Community Training area
meeting
Gap Disaster New business
Filler reduction creation
Fish
industry
Railway station MentalHealth Heritage buildings Tsunami
restored Education
Industry area deplaced
Floating area : Landscapepark
FunctionalWall
PortRecovery
Housing : New Settlement
Reconstruction and repairofdemagedinfrastructure
1year 2years 4years 5years 7years 10 years

42. TRANSITIONAL OFUNATO

43. TRANSITIONAL OFUNATO