Lightfooted Strategies - Goal Setting for Athletes, April 2010

Goal Setting
Understanding & Applying
the Principles of Goal Setting
Jodie Lightfoot
jodie@lightfooted.ca
April14, 2010

Presentation Outline
Why set goals?
Goal Functions
Goal Mechanisms
Goal Moderators
Application to Athletes
Application to Us
Setting Effective Goals

Why set goals?
Goal-setting affects performance
ALL effective coaches, athletes & students set goals
90% of the studies from 1969 – 1980 indicated that specific and challenging goalslead to higher performance than easy goals, “Do your best” goals or no goals at all (Locke et al., 1981)

Goals help achieve values which helps to
satisfy basic needs
Needs: All individuals have the same basic need, but how they value them are quite different
Values: Values not inborn but chosen – many different ways to satisfy needs – i.e. Different types of food, many possible sources of pleasure in life
While values are difficult to change externally, goals are readily changeable
Motivation: to “appeal” means providing opportunities to satisfy needs or achieve value at work
Goals: people set goals in order to attain values, and pursue values in order to fulfill needs based on individual motivation
Goals  Values  Needs

Goals affect performance by:
Directs
Direct attention & effort toward goal-relevant actives and away from unrelated activities
Energizes
Challenging goals lead to greater effort than easy goals
Persistence
When ppl are allowed to control the time they spend on tasks, hard goals prolong effort
Action (indirectly)
Leading to the arousal, discovery and/or use of task-relevant knowledge, skills and abilities (KSA)
The 4 Goal Mechanisms

Goal setting is most likely to improve task performance when:
The goals are specific and sufficiently challenging
You have sufficient ability to complete the goal
Feedback is provided to show progress in relation to the goal
Rewards such as praise, money and greater responsibility are given for goal attainment
Goals are pursued in a supportive environment
Assigned goals are accepted by the individual
Goal-Setting Affects Performance

Olympic Athlete Goals
The 3 Most Important Goals:
Have Fun
Winning
Improving overall performance

Setting SMART Goals
SMART Goals:
S  Specific
M  Measurable
A  Attainable
R  Relevant/Realistic
T  Timely/Time-bound

Goal-Setting Techniques
“Expert” Advice
State each goal in the positive
Be precise
Set priorities
Write down the goals
Keep operational goals small
Set performance goals, not outcome goals
Set realistic goals
“Jodie’s Advice”
Set “By-When’s”
“By ______ I am/have/ ________”
Keep a goal-setting journal
Use goal-setting software
For every goal, set 2 actions, one that must be completed in the next 24-hrs

Asking the Right Questions
Starting the ball rolling on goal-setting:
What are the5 most important elements (values) in my life RIGHT NOW?
What are the 3 most important goals in my life right now?
What I would do if I won a million dollars in the lottery tomorrow?
What would I do if I only had six months left to live:
What I have always wanted to do but have been afraid to attempt?

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Lightfooted Strategies - Goal Setting for Athletes, April 2010

by Lightfooted Strategy on Jan 19, 2011

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Lightfooted Strategies - Goal Setting for Athletes, April 2010 — Presentation Transcript