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Le Moyen-âge
Les Cathares









Un bon Dieu et un ‘mauvais’ Dieu (dualisme)
Reincarnation
Végetarisme
La matière: mauvais/la souffrance
L’esprit: Divin
Il faut se libérer de la matière
Ils ne croient pas en la rédemption de Jésus
Massacres par l’inquisition (Montségur, Albi etc.)
La chanson de Roland








11e siècle
Chanson de geste: poèmes épiques chantants (l’épopée)
Du temps de Charlemagne
Sujet: les actes héroïques des personnages légendaires
La chanson de Roland: le retour de Charlemagne de
l’Espagne de sa croisade contre les paiens (Saracenen)
La vraie réalité historique: contre les basques
Adapté à l’esprit de croisade contre les musulmans à
l’époque
L’histoire de Roland












Un héros chrétien qui lutte contre les paiens
Le cousin et le plus grand héros dans la ‘bande’ de Charlemagne
Son épée ‘Durendal’ et son cor ‘éléphant’ (cadeau de Charlemagne)
Il accompagne Charlemagne en Espagne
Son beau-pèrè Ganelon est jaloux et trahit Roland
Ils sont attaqués dans l’arrière-garde dans les Pyrénées
Ils tombent dans le piège
Olivier veut convaincre de sonner son clairon pour alarmer
Charlemagne afin qu’il vient à leur aide.
Roland ne le veut pas parce qu’il ne veut pas mettre en danger
Charlemagne  courageux!
Seulement à la fin quand Roland est presque mort, il sonne son
clairon
Ganelon est coupé en quatre
La base historique de la chanson de Roland




778: pacte entre Charlemagne et les musulmans
(Saracenen) de la presqu’île ibérique (les Pyrénées,
l’Espagne, l’Andorra, le Portugal)
Ensemble ils luttent contre les musulmans de Cordoba (le
sud de l’Espagne)
La base historique de la chanson de Roland




778: pacte entre Charlemagne et les musulmans
(Saracenen) de la presqu’île ibérique (les Pyrénées,
l’Espagne, l’Andorra, le Portugal)
Ensemble ils luttent contre les musulmans de Cordoba (le
sud de l’Espagne)

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Franse literatuur van de Middeleeuwen

  • 2. Les Cathares         Un bon Dieu et un ‘mauvais’ Dieu (dualisme) Reincarnation Végetarisme La matière: mauvais/la souffrance L’esprit: Divin Il faut se libérer de la matière Ils ne croient pas en la rédemption de Jésus Massacres par l’inquisition (Montségur, Albi etc.)
  • 3. La chanson de Roland        11e siècle Chanson de geste: poèmes épiques chantants (l’épopée) Du temps de Charlemagne Sujet: les actes héroïques des personnages légendaires La chanson de Roland: le retour de Charlemagne de l’Espagne de sa croisade contre les paiens (Saracenen) La vraie réalité historique: contre les basques Adapté à l’esprit de croisade contre les musulmans à l’époque
  • 4. L’histoire de Roland            Un héros chrétien qui lutte contre les paiens Le cousin et le plus grand héros dans la ‘bande’ de Charlemagne Son épée ‘Durendal’ et son cor ‘éléphant’ (cadeau de Charlemagne) Il accompagne Charlemagne en Espagne Son beau-pèrè Ganelon est jaloux et trahit Roland Ils sont attaqués dans l’arrière-garde dans les Pyrénées Ils tombent dans le piège Olivier veut convaincre de sonner son clairon pour alarmer Charlemagne afin qu’il vient à leur aide. Roland ne le veut pas parce qu’il ne veut pas mettre en danger Charlemagne  courageux! Seulement à la fin quand Roland est presque mort, il sonne son clairon Ganelon est coupé en quatre
  • 5. La base historique de la chanson de Roland   778: pacte entre Charlemagne et les musulmans (Saracenen) de la presqu’île ibérique (les Pyrénées, l’Espagne, l’Andorra, le Portugal) Ensemble ils luttent contre les musulmans de Cordoba (le sud de l’Espagne)
  • 6. La base historique de la chanson de Roland   778: pacte entre Charlemagne et les musulmans (Saracenen) de la presqu’île ibérique (les Pyrénées, l’Espagne, l’Andorra, le Portugal) Ensemble ils luttent contre les musulmans de Cordoba (le sud de l’Espagne)