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Understanding the Gains from Lean
1. Understanding the Gains
from Lean
Kate Silvester BSc MBA FRCOpthth
Osprey Coach NHS
2nd Lean Healthcare Forum
6th June 2006
Motorcycle Museum
2. What have we done so far?
In 1997: Patients waiting
– ‘We need more resources!’
Increased NHS resources
• £48 Billion to £97 Billion
In 2006:
• Patients still waiting:
– 18 weeks from referral to treatment
• £7 Billion deficit by 2010
(Economist 22nd April 2006)
3. The gains we want
• Timeliness
– Why do we have to wait 18 weeks?
• Choose and Book when we want it
• Value for money
– Productivity ‘’more’ patients treated for less or same money’(?)
– Cost efficiency (?)
• Quality
– Clinical outcome
– Service experience
– Patient and Staff morale
4. You will never solve the
problem with the mindset
that created it
Albert Einstein
6. Behaviour:
• More activity
– Waiting list to keep resources utilised
• (batch production)
– (‘create’ demand?)
• Less cost
– Reduce staff
• Technology (IT)
– Cheaper suppliers
• ‘Quality costs money’
• Private sector?
– Bulk purchasing
7. ‘Keep activity high & unit cost low’
Queue
Clinic
Batch
production
demand into next step is distorted
Utilisation of capacity = 100% = unit cost is low = ‘clinic is efficient’
Variable demand
BUT: patients wait
cost of storing queue?
cost of managing the queue?
cost of deterioration in the queue?
cost of downstream capacity?
Not my department
/ organisation
= not my problem
8. SPC Control Chart
Wait- between CT Exam time and CT Report printed
0:00:00
120:00:00
240:00:00
360:00:00
480:00:00
600:00:00
1
10
19
28
37
46
55
64
73
82
91
100
109
118
127
136
145
154
163
172
181
190
199
208
217
226
Consecutive Exams
Wait
delay
mean
upl
Same session
reporting
Private
patients
5 days
15 days
10 days
20 days
25 days
‘I am better utilised’
(Batch Logic)
Stops same session
reporting:
Flow Logic
Impact on total process cost = 5 days @ £125/day x 10% of 195 admissions =
£12,000 per week
9. Impact of behaviour on flow?
• Process View
Clinic
Radiology
Laboratories
Theatres
Admin
Wards
Clinic
10. Queues = 100s of extra steps
Doctor requests ‘test’
Porter picks up request
Porter delivers request to dpt
Clerk logs request
Clerks puts request for prioritisation
Consultant for prioritises request
Consultant returns request
Clerk files request in priority order
Clerk draws request from file
Clerk makes appointment
Clerk sends appointment by post (>6 steps)
Patient receives appointment
Patient travels to hospital
Patient finds car parking slot
Patient finds X-ray department
Patient checks in at reception etc
Value?
Waste!
(approx £175,000 p.a.?)
11. Impact on Quality
Probability of Performing Perfectly
No.
process
steps
Probability of Success, Each Process Step
1
25
50
100
0.95 0.990 0.999 0.999999
0.95 0.990 0.999 0.9999
0.28 0.78 0.98 0.998
0.08 0.61 0.95 0.995
0.006 0.37 0.90 0.99
Improve the quality of each step
Remove the steps….
Carol Haraden IHI
12. Referral to 1st Treatment
- Lung Cancer patients
0
50
100
150
200
250
1
4
7
10
13
16
19
22
25
28
31
34
37
40
43
46
49
52
55
58
61
64
67
70
73
76
79
82
85
Consecutive patients
Days
Waiting Time
Mean
UCL
LCL
Direct referral
from radiologist
New radiologist
unaware
Impact of taking steps (waste) out
13. Process view reveals the real waste
Is governing the rate of flow for the whole system
Real waste
14. To get the gains from Lean
• Mindset change
– function to process
– batch logic to flow logic
• Value:
– only deliver what the patient & your customer expect
• right first time, on time
• reduce variation, release capacity
– reduce waste
• Quality saves time, money and lives
16. What do desperate managers do?
Clinic
Radiology
Laboratories
wards
Admin
Theatres
Clinic
Cut costs or else!
Is governing the rate of flow for the whole system
Reduce
Throughput
= reduced
income
17. So let’s get Lean!
• Lean = no fat
• Fat = waiting lists
(waste of over production)
• Concentrate on eliminating waiting lists
• ‘Do today’s work today!’