Security & Preservation of Rare Materials Planning an Environmental Building Model ALA Annual Conference Library Administration and Management Association Saturday, June 28, 2008 Speakers: Caryn J. Carr – Director, State Library of Pennsylvania Dr. Larry Nesbit – Chair, Rare Books Room Committee Cornelius Rusnov – Project Architect Dr. William Joyce – Head of Special Collections, Pennsylvania State University

Mission State Library of Pennsylvania The State Library is established by statute to serve all branches of state government and to serve as a major research library with an emphasis on resources for, by and about Pennsylvania.

Also Federal Documents Depository Library (Celebrating 150 Years of service) Most comprehensive Pennsylvania newspaper collection Deep genealogy and local history collection

Federal Documents Depository Library (Celebrating 150 Years of service)

Most comprehensive Pennsylvania newspaper collection

Deep genealogy and local history collection

The State Library Building Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

The State Library of Pennsylvania Main Reading Room Law/Government Documents Foyer, Forum Building

Nuremberg Chronicles - 1493

Untitled Ephrata Cloister Music Manuscript - 1754

Prints from “American Ornithology” by Alexander Wilson - 1865

Ben Franklin’s Kite & Key Experiment 19 October 1752 – Pennsylvania Gazette

State Library of Pennsylvania Traces its Founding to 1745 Independence Hall Assembly Collection “ The Library that Launched a Revolution”

Statutes at Large - 1735

“ Protection of this priceless collection is vital to our Commonwealth’s heritage.” Mathew J. Ryan, Speaker of the House August 1981

Rare Books Collection Former Facilities

Timeline for Rare Books Room Renovation 1998 – Tour of Rare Books Room 1999 – Appointment of initial committee 2001 – Full Committee established 2002 – Design began 2003 – Construction on new facilities began 2004 – Groundbreaking 2006 – Ribbon Cutting

1998 – Tour of Rare Books Room

1999 – Appointment of initial committee

2001 – Full Committee established

2002 – Design began

2003 – Construction on new facilities began

2004 – Groundbreaking

2006 – Ribbon Cutting

Original Rare Books Room Committee Governor’s Advisory Council - Susan Zug Capitol Preservation Committee Commissioner for Libraries State Library Director Dr. Larry Nesbit, Chair

Governor’s Advisory Council - Susan Zug

Capitol Preservation Committee

Commissioner for Libraries

State Library Director

Full Committee Lt. Governor President Pro Tempore of Senate Speaker of the House Representative Zug Capitol Preservation Committee Gov. Adv. Council House of Rep. Archivist Dept. of Gen. Services Deputy Secretary Architect Project Manager Department of Ed. Deputy Sec. For Libraries State Library Director Office of Comm. Libraries Archivist

Lt. Governor

President Pro Tempore of Senate

Speaker of the House

Representative Zug

Capitol Preservation Committee

Gov. Adv. Council

House of Rep. Archivist

Dept. of Gen. Services

Deputy Secretary

Architect

Project Manager

Department of Ed.

Deputy Sec. For Libraries

State Library Director

Office of Comm. Libraries

Archivist

Ribbon Cutting Ceremony

Partners & Politics Advocates Representative Peter Zug Capitol Preservation Committee President Pro Tempore of Senate Speaker of the House of Representatives Lieutenant Governor The privilege of priority Developing political savvy

Advocates

Representative Peter Zug

Capitol Preservation Committee

President Pro Tempore of Senate

Speaker of the House of Representatives

Lieutenant Governor

The privilege of priority

Developing political savvy

Sunday Patriot News August 15, 2004

The Patriot News August 17, 2004

The Patriot News June 9, 2008

Pennsylvania Rare Collections Library ‘… it is the duty of every good citizen to use all opportunities, which occur to him, for preserving documents relating to the history of our country.’ Thomas Jefferson

Project Goal To preserve Pennsylvania’s rare collections through the use of preventative conservation principles.

To preserve Pennsylvania’s rare collections through the use of preventative conservation principles.

Outcome Collections are safeguarded within a benign preservation-based environment.

Collections are safeguarded within a benign preservation-based environment.

The Influence of Location Harrisburg

RCL – Rare Books Vault RCL – Reading Room Exhibit Hall Transitional Area Architectural Context – Forum Building

Environment Exterior of the building No control Interior of the building Very little control

Exterior of the building

No control

Interior of the building

Very little control

Project Scope (Complex) Building Environments Exterior of the Building Interior of the Building Rare Collections Library Environments Exhibit Hall Reading Room & Archivist’s Office Rare Books Vault Work Area & Wood Pulp/Leather Rare Newspaper Repository Heritage Collection ( future construction ) Law Library ( future construction ) Nine Different Environments

Building Environments

Exterior of the Building

Interior of the Building

Rare Collections Library Environments

Exhibit Hall

Reading Room & Archivist’s Office

Rare Books Vault

Work Area & Wood Pulp/Leather

Rare Newspaper Repository

Heritage Collection ( future construction )

Law Library ( future construction )

Project Scope (Complexity Continues) Architectural HVAC Lighting Fire Detection Fire Suppression Security Housing Seven Different Design Standards for Each Separate Environment

Architectural

HVAC

Lighting

Fire Detection

Fire Suppression

Security

Housing

Solving Complex Issues Particulate Filtration Microbial Filtration Molecular Gas-phase Filtration Temperature Relative Humidity/Dew Point Ultra-violet Rays Infra-red Rays Air Quality & Conditioning Environmental Standards

Particulate Filtration

Microbial Filtration

Molecular Gas-phase Filtration

Temperature

Relative Humidity/Dew Point

Ultra-violet Rays

Infra-red Rays

Psychometrics DRY BULB TEMPERATUR (C) MOISTURE CONTENT

Air Parameters Rare Collections Library (Allowing for seasonal drift) Areas Completed Exhibit Hall 68-70º F, 20-45% R/H Reading Room/Archivist Office 66º F, 25-40% R/H Rare Books Vault 50-58º F, 25-45% R/H Work Area & Wood Pulp/Leather 55º F, 20-45% R/H Rare Newspaper Repository 50º F, 15% R/H Future Construction Transitional Area 55º F, 35% R/H Law Library 70–72º F, 25–45% R/H

(Allowing for seasonal drift)

Areas Completed

Exhibit Hall 68-70º F, 20-45% R/H

Reading Room/Archivist Office 66º F, 25-40% R/H

Rare Books Vault 50-58º F, 25-45% R/H

Work Area & Wood Pulp/Leather 55º F, 20-45% R/H

Rare Newspaper Repository 50º F, 15% R/H

Future Construction

Transitional Area 55º F, 35% R/H

Law Library 70–72º F, 25–45% R/H

Lighting No Ultraviolet. No Infra-red. Correct Intensity & Color for Collection(s)

Thermography

SCHEMATIC PLAN Transitional Rare Books Area Exhibit Hall Archivist’s Office Reading Room Rare Books Vault Transitional Rare Books Area Work Area Rare Newspaper Repository GROUND FLOOR East Wing, FORUM BU ILDING LOWER LEVEL East Wing, FORUM BU ILDING

Exhibit Hall – Ground Floor

Exhibit Hall – Ground Floor

Entrance to Reading Room from Exhibit Hall

Research/Reading Room – Ground Floor

Archivist Work Area

Rare Books Vault – Ground Floor

Post Construction Rare Books Vault – Collection Relocation

Work Area – Lower Level

Protection Disaster Preparedness Disaster Response Fire Detection Fire Suppression Security Site Collection

Disaster Preparedness

Disaster Response

Fire Detection

Fire Suppression

Security

Site

Collection

Fire Alarm System Fully addressable Zoned Integrated into building & complex systems Pre-alarm, storage areas (EWSD) early warning smoke detection

Fully addressable

Zoned

Integrated into building & complex systems

Pre-alarm, storage areas (EWSD) early warning smoke detection

EWSD Fire Detection STAGE 4 STAGE 1 STAGE 2 STAGE 3 VISIBLE SMOKE INTENSE HEAT FLAMING FIRE INCIPIENT STAGE NO VISIBLE SMOKE TIME SMOKE D ENSITY FLAME ION BEAM FIRE 1 ALERT ACTION VESDA Laser PLUS 88 FIRE 2 PHOTO SPRINKLER

Suppression Public Areas – Water Misting System Exhibit Hall Reading Room Archivist’s Office Private Areas – Clean Agent System Rare Books Vault Rare Newspaper Repository Work Area

Public Areas – Water Misting System

Exhibit Hall

Reading Room

Archivist’s Office

Private Areas – Clean Agent System

Rare Books Vault

Rare Newspaper Repository

Work Area

Public Area Suppression Water Mist Fire Suppression System Totally safe for humans Natural and non-toxic Effective protection without the damage of traditional deluge water-based systems

Water Mist Fire Suppression System

Totally safe for humans

Natural and non-toxic

Effective protection without the damage of traditional deluge water-based systems

Private Area Suppression (3M Novec 1230) Fire Suppression System Effective protection without the damage of water-based systems Deemed safe for humans, non-toxic at concentration used Deemed safe for the collections Extinguishes fire during the incipient stage of combustion

(3M Novec 1230) Fire Suppression System

Effective protection without the damage of water-based systems

Deemed safe for humans, non-toxic at concentration used

Deemed safe for the collections

Extinguishes fire during the incipient stage of combustion

Water Mist Fire Suppression

Security Fully integrated into Capitol Security System Cameras Biometric Access Arrangement of Spaces Selection of Construction Materials Staff

Fully integrated into Capitol Security System

Cameras

Biometric Access

Arrangement of Spaces

Selection of Construction Materials

Staff

THE PENNSYLVANIA STUDY LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR CATHERINE BAKER-KNOLL, HONORARY CHAIR

CENTRAL REGION Ephrata Cloister 632 West Main Street Ephrata PA 17522 Kittochtinny Historical Society Franklin Co. official historical society 75 East King Street Chambersburg PA 17201 Mansfield University, North Hall Library 5 Swan Street Mansfield PA 16933 PA Archives 350 North Street Harrisburg PA 17120 Pattee and Paterno Libraries Penn State University Park Campus 510 Paterno Library University Park PA 16802 Southern York Public Library P.O. Box 239 80 Constitution Avenue Shrewsbury PA 17361 State Library 607 South Drive Harrisburg PA 17120 Millersville University PO Box 1002 1 South George Street Millersville PA 17551 WESTERN REGION Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh 4400 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 Raymond M. Blasco MD Memorial Library 160 East Front Street Erie PA 16507 EASTERN REGION Albright Public Library 500 Vine Street Scranton PA 18509 Free Library of Philadelphia 1901 Vine Street Philadelphia PA 19103 The Library Company 1314 Locust Street Philadelphia PA 19107 National Canal Museum 30 Centre Square Easton PA 18042 FIFTEEN IN-STATE SITES THE PENNSYLVANIA STUDY

Temp & R/H Studies……………………….15 sites VOC Studies…………………………..........15 sites Light Studies………………………………….15 sites Particulate Studies……………………………….RCL Pollutant Studies.…………………………………RCL Microbial Studies..…………………...............RCL Energy Usage & Savings Studies……………RCL Fire Suppression Studies……………………….RCL Long-term Paper Aging Studies………..15 sites Short-term Paper Aging Studies.........15 sites AREAS OF RESEARCH FOCUS:

Temp & R/H Studies……………………….15 sites

VOC Studies…………………………..........15 sites

Light Studies………………………………….15 sites

Particulate Studies……………………………….RCL

Pollutant Studies.…………………………………RCL

Microbial Studies..…………………...............RCL

Energy Usage & Savings Studies……………RCL

Fire Suppression Studies……………………….RCL

Long-term Paper Aging Studies………..15 sites

Short-term Paper Aging Studies.........15 sites

CELLULOSE DEGRADATION IN AN ACETIC ACID ENVIRONMENT A.-L. Dupont and J. Tétreault Studies in Conservation, 2000 MIGRATION OF VOLATILE COMPOUNDS FROM PAPER STACKS DURING ACCELERATED AGEING, PART II: VARIABLE TEMPERATURE STUDIES SPONTANEOUS FORMATION OF ACIDS IN THE NATURAL AGING OF PAPER A. Bulow, P. Begin, H. Carter, and T Burns Restaurator, 2000 C. Shahani and G. Harrison IIC Congress, 2002 AUTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF CELLULOSE PAPER IN SEALED VESSELS P. Calvini, A. Gorassina, and A.L. Merlani Restaurator, 2007

ASTM 100 YEAR STUDY 1998 - 2008 surrogate test books are composed of 15 different papers

SURROGATE TEST BOOKS/TEXT BLOCKS Ten commercial papers Ten accelerated aged commercial papers 100 year(+) old paper 50 year(+) old paper Custom formulated papers Hand sheets

SURROGATE TEST BOOKS/TEXT BLOCKS

Ten commercial papers

Ten accelerated aged commercial papers

100 year(+) old paper

50 year(+) old paper

Custom formulated papers

Hand sheets

Design Parameters Air Pollutant Base Line Readings – 12/12/05

Identification of volatile organic compounds emitted by a naturally aged book using SPME/GC/MS Agnes Lattuati-Derieux, Sylvette Bonnassies-Termes, Bertrand Lavedrine Journal of Chromatography A, 1026 (2004) 9-18 Acetic Acid Toluene Butyric Acid Furfural Benzaldehyde Phenol Nonanal Decanal Vanillin Hexadecane Heptadecane Octadecane

Air Pollutant Standards Acetic Acid 4.0 ppb Formaldehyde 4.0 ppb SO2 1.0 ppb NO2 2.6 ppb Ozone 2.0 ppb Specifications For Air Pollutants In Storage And Exhibit Areas

2X air exchange rate ½ pollutant concentration ? Efficacy of intermittent ventilation for providing acceptable indoor air quality. (Dr. M.H. Sherman Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) Energy Usage & Savings Studies:

power needed to drive fan ~ (fan speed) 3 higher air exchange rate much higher electrical cost Energy Usage & Savings Studies: Fan Law

. Preserving our Past for the Future