Week 4 IxD History: Personal Computing

HISTORY OF INTERACTION DESIGN Week 4: Personal Computing

Research TIMELINE OF ADOPTION Professional Use (AND ADAPTATION!) Personal Use Punched Cards / Switches 1880s ? Keyboard / Terminal Graphical User Interface Hypertext Networks Mobility 1945 1955 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005

MITS ALTAIR 8800 (1975) 3

ALTAIR BASIC http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altair_Basic_Sign.jpg 4

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Homebrew_Computer_Club_Sep1976.png 5

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Apple_I_Computer.jpg 6

PERSONAL COMPUTING (1975)

HOME COMPUTERS (Late 70s) Apple II IBM 5150 Commodore PET Tandy Radio Shack TRS-80 Commodore VIC-20 8

APPLICATION INTERFACES 9

DIRECT MANIPULATION

WHIRLWIND COMMAND LINE GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE 11

BATCH TIME PROCESSING SHARING 12

DIRECT MANIPULATION 13

IVAN SUTHERLAND “ (b.1938) The Sketchpad system makes it possible for a man and a computer to converse rapidly through the medium of line drawings. Heretofore, most interaction between man and computers has been slowed down by the need to reduce all communication to written statements that can be typed; in the past, we have been writing letters to rather than conferring with our computers. The Sketchpad system, by eliminating typed statements (except for legends) in favor of line drawings, opens up a new area of man- machine communication. http://www.cc.gatech.edu/classes/cs6751_97_fall/projects/abowd_team/ivan/ivanbw_45.jpg 14

SKETCHPAD (1963) http://design.osu.edu/carlson/history/images/ivan-sutherland.jpg 15 http://images.businessweek.com/ss/08/10/1006_ceo_guide/image/ivanssketchpad600gimpr.jpg

“ DOUGLAS ENGELBART (b. 1925) By augmenting man's intellect we mean increasing the capability of a man to approach a complex problem situation, gain comprehension to suit his particular needs, and to derive solutions to problems. One objective is to develop new techniques, procedures, and systems that will better adapt people's basic information- handling capabilities to the needs, problems, and progress of society. —Douglas Englebart http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Engelbartmice.jpg 16

X/Y POSITION INDICATOR ALSO KNOWN AS “THE MOUSE” (1964) The number of buttons on a mouse is one of the most controversial issues in the industry. People get religious. —Bill Gates http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/ e/ed/Mouse-patents-englebart-rid.png 17

NLS – ONLINE SYSTEM (60s) http://www.dougengelbart.org/ 18

THE MOTHER OF ALL DEMOS (1968) http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/80beats/files/2008/12/engelbart-demo.jpg http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-8734787622017763097 19

THE GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

WIMPs Windows Icons Menus Pointers 21

WINDOWS 22

ICONS 23

MENUS 24

POINTERS 25

XEROX PARC (1970s) _ Laser Printer _ Ethernet local area computer network _ Computer generated bitmap graphics _ Graphical user interface featuring windows and icons _ WYSIWYG text editor 26

XEROX ALTO (1973) 27

XEROX STAR (1981) 28

APPLE LISA (1983)

APPLE MACINTOSH (1983) 30

SOFTWARE IN A BOX (1990s)

MOBILITY

DYNABOOK (1968)

MOBILE COMPUTING (1990s) Osborne 1 (1981) Apple Powerbook (1991)

INTERNET

ARPANET AND USENET (1980s) ARPANET 1977 USENET 1980 USENET 1993 39

WORLD WIDE WEB (1990s) Netscape, 1994 First Web Browser/Editor, 1990 Yahoo, 1994

THE INTERACTION DESIGN DISCIPLINE

“ JOHN M. CARROLL HCI is the name for a community of communities. In the early 1980s, HCI was a small and focused specialty area. It was a cabal trying to establish what was then a heretical view of computing. Today, largely due to the success of that endeavor, HCI is a vast and multifaceted community, loosely bound by the evolving concept of usability, and the integrating commitment to value human concerns as the primary consideration in creating interactive systems. 42

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Week 4 IxD History: Personal Computing

by Karen McGrane on Jan 04, 2010

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