The document describes Joseph Campbell's model of the hero's journey, which outlines 12 stages that heroes typically follow in myths and stories. These include leaving their ordinary world, receiving a call to adventure, facing tests and enemies, undergoing an ordeal, and returning home with experience or knowledge gained. It then maps characters from The Lord of the Rings novel by J.R.R. Tolkien onto Campbell's 12 stages and how their journeys follow or subvert the typical hero's journey archetypes.
12. 1.
Ordinary
World
2.
Call to
Adventure
3.
Refusal of
the Call
4.
Meeting with
the Mentor
5.
Crossing the First
Threshold
6. Tests, Allies & Enemies
7.
Approach to the
inmost Cave
8.
Supreme Ordeal
THE 12 STAGES OF THE HERO’S JOURNEY
13. 1.
Ordinary
World
2.
Call to
Adventure
3.
Refusal of
the Call
4.
Meeting with
the Mentor
5.
Crossing the First
Threshold
6. Tests, Allies & Enemies
7.
Approach to the
inmost Cave
8.
Supreme Ordeal
9.
Reward of
‘Seizing the Sword’
THE 12 STAGES OF THE HERO’S JOURNEY
14. 1.
Ordinary
World
2.
Call to
Adventure
3.
Refusal of
the Call
4.
Meeting with
the Mentor
5.
Crossing the First
Threshold
6. Tests, Allies & Enemies
7.
Approach to the
inmost Cave
8.
Supreme Ordeal
9.
Reward of
‘Seizing the Sword’
10.
The Road
Back
THE 12 STAGES OF THE HERO’S JOURNEY
15. 1.
Ordinary
World
2.
Call to
Adventure
3.
Refusal of
the Call
4.
Meeting with
the Mentor
5.
Crossing the First
Threshold
6. Tests, Allies & Enemies
7.
Approach to the
inmost Cave
8.
Supreme Ordeal
9.
Reward of
‘Seizing the Sword’
10.
The Road
Back
11.
Return with
the Elixir
THE 12 STAGES OF THE HERO’S JOURNEY
16. 1.
Ordinary
World
2.
Call to
Adventure
3.
Refusal of
the Call
4.
Meeting with
the Mentor
5.
Crossing the First
Threshold
6. Tests, Allies & Enemies
12.
Resurrection
7.
Approach to the
inmost Cave
8.
Supreme Ordeal
9.
Reward of
‘Seizing the Sword’
10.
The Road
Back
11.
Return with
the Elixir
17. T H E A N T I H E R O ’ S J O U R N E Y
Mapping the 12 Heroic Archetypes
Against the Tolkien's Antiheros in Lord of the Rings
18.
19.
20.
21. T H E A N T I H E R O ’ S J O U R N E Y
L O R D O F T H E R I N G S
Comparison to the 12 Archetypes
22. T H E A N T I H E R O ’ S
J O U R N E Y
L O R D O F T H E R I N G S
Comparison to the 12 Archetypes
23. 1. ORDINARY WORLD
Frodo Baggins and Samwise
Gamgee : Ordinary Village in
the Shire
Lord of the Rings
24. 1. ORDINARY WORLD
Frodo Baggins and Samwise
Gamgee : Ordinary Village in
the Shire
2. CALL TO ADVENTURE
Gandalf calls Bilbo to
the adventure to return
the Ring
Lord of the Rings
25. 1. ORDINARY WORLD
Frodo Baggins and Samwise
Gamgee : Ordinary Village in
the Shire
2. CALL TO ADVENTURE
Gandalf calls Bilbo to
the adventure to return
the Ring
3. REFUSE THE CALL
Bilbo refused the call
but Frodo accepts
the call after he
encounters Sauron’s
Ringwraiths
Lord of the Rings
26. 1. ORDINARY WORLD
Frodo Baggins and Samwise
Gamgee : Ordinary Village in
the Shire
2. CALL TO ADVENTURE
Gandalf calls Bilbo to
the adventure to return
the Ring
3. REFUSE THE CALL
Bilbo refused the call
but Frodo accepts
the call after he
encounters Sauron’s
Ringwraiths
4. MENTOR
The entire Fellowship of
the Ring are Mentors
Lord of the Rings
27. 1. ORDINARY WORLD
Frodo Baggins and Samwise
Gamgee : Ordinary Village in
the Shire
2. CALL TO ADVENTURE
Gandalf calls Bilbo to
the adventure to return
the Ring
3. REFUSE THE CALL
Bilbo refused the call
but Frodo accepts
the call after he
encounters Sauron’s
Ringwraiths
4. MENTOR
The entire Fellowship of
the Ring are Mentors
5. CROSSING THE FIRST THRESHOLD
The Shire’s cornfield
Lord of the Rings
28. 1. ORDINARY WORLD
Frodo Baggins and Samwise
Gamgee : Ordinary Village in
the Shire
2. CALL TO ADVENTURE
Gandalf calls Bilbo to
the adventure to return
the Ring
3. REFUSE THE CALL
Bilbo refused the call
but Frodo accepts
the call after he
encounters Sauron’s
Ringwraiths
4. MENTOR
The entire Fellowship of
the Ring are Mentors
5. CROSSING THE FIRST THRESHOLD
The Shire’s cornfield
6. TESTS, ALLLIES & ENEMIES
There are many including the. Spider Shelob
Lord of the Rings
29. 1. ORDINARY WORLD
Frodo Baggins and Samwise
Gamgee : Ordinary Village in
the Shire
2. CALL TO ADVENTURE
Gandalf calls Bilbo to
the adventure to return
the Ring
3. REFUSE THE CALL
Bilbo refused the call
but Frodo accepts
the call after he
encounters Sauron’s
Ringwraiths
4. MENTOR
The entire Fellowship of
the Ring are Mentors
5. CROSSING THE FIRST THRESHOLD
The Shire’s cornfield
6. TESTS, ALLLIES & ENEMIES
There are many including the. Spider Shelob
7. APPROACH TO INMOST CAVE
Gollum guides Frodo and Sam to
the Secret Cave via the secret path
Lord of the Rings
30. 1. ORDINARY WORLD
Frodo Baggins and Samwise
Gamgee : Ordinary Village in
the Shire
2. CALL TO ADVENTURE
Gandalf calls Bilbo to
the adventure to return
the Ring
3. REFUSE THE CALL
Bilbo refused the call
but Frodo accepts
the call after he
encounters Sauron’s
Ringwraiths
4. MENTOR
The entire Fellowship of
the Ring are Mentors
5. CROSSING THE FIRST THRESHOLD
The Shire’s cornfield
6. TESTS, ALLLIES & ENEMIES
There are many including the. Spider Shelob
7. APPROACH TO INMOST CAVE
Gollum guides Frodo and Sam to
the Secret Cave via the secret path
8. SUPREME ORDEAL
Dead Marshes and
Gollum are the Great
Ordeal crossed in the
approach to Mordor
Lord of the Rings
31. 1. ORDINARY WORLD
Frodo Baggins and Samwise
Gamgee : Ordinary Village in
the Shire
2. CALL TO ADVENTURE
Gandalf calls Bilbo to
the adventure to return
the Ring
3. REFUSE THE CALL
Bilbo refused the call
but Frodo accepts
the call after he
encounters Sauron’s
Ringwraiths
4. MENTOR
The entire Fellowship of
the Ring are Mentors
5. CROSSING THE FIRST THRESHOLD
The Shire’s cornfield
6. TESTS, ALLLIES & ENEMIES
There are many including the. Spider Shelob
7. APPROACH TO INMOST CAVE
Gollum guides Frodo and Sam to
the Secret Cave via the secret path
8. SUPREME ORDEAL
Dead Marshes and
Gollum are the Great
Ordeal crossed in the
approach to Mordor
9. REWARD
Frodo’s ‘reward’ is
to see the ring
consumed in Fires
of Mordor
Lord of the Rings
32. 1. ORDINARY WORLD
Frodo Baggins and Samwise
Gamgee : Ordinary Village in
the Shire
2. CALL TO ADVENTURE
Gandalf calls Bilbo to
the adventure to return
the Ring
3. REFUSE THE CALL
Bilbo refused the call
but Frodo accepts
the call after he
encounters Sauron’s
Ringwraiths
4. MENTOR
The entire Fellowship of
the Ring are Mentors
5. CROSSING THE FIRST THRESHOLD
The Shire’s cornfield
6. TESTS, ALLLIES & ENEMIES
There are many including the. Spider Shelob
7. APPROACH TO INMOST CAVE
Gollum guides Frodo and Sam to
the Secret Cave via the secret path
8. SUPREME ORDEAL
Dead Marshes and
Gollum are the Great
Ordeal crossed in the
approach to Mordor
9. REWARD
Frodo’s ‘reward’ is
to see the ring
consumed in Fires
of Mordor
10. THE ROAD BACK:
Frodo and Sam fly on
Gandalf’s eagles
Lord of the Rings
33. 1. ORDINARY WORLD
Frodo Baggins and Samwise
Gamgee : Ordinary Village in
the Shire
2. CALL TO ADVENTURE
Gandalf calls Bilbo to
the adventure to return
the Ring
3. REFUSE THE CALL
Bilbo refused the call
but Frodo accepts
the call after he
encounters Sauron’s
Ringwraiths
4. MENTOR
The entire Fellowship of
the Ring are Mentors
5. CROSSING THE FIRST THRESHOLD
The Shire’s cornfield
6. TESTS, ALLLIES & ENEMIES
There are many including the. Spider Shelob
7. APPROACH TO INMOST CAVE
Gollum guides Frodo and Sam to
the Secret Cave via the secret path
8. SUPREME ORDEAL
Dead Marshes and
Gollum are the Great
Ordeal crossed in the
approach to Mordor
9. REWARD
Frodo’s ‘reward’ is
to see the ring
consumed in Fires
of Mordor
10. THE ROAD BACK:
Frodo and Sam fly on
Gandalf’s eagles
11. RETURN WITH ELIXIR
Frodo bears the Anti Elixir: A
Ringwraith’s mortal wound
Lord of the Rings
34. 1. ORDINARY WORLD
Frodo Baggins and Samwise
Gamgee : Ordinary Village in
the Shire
2. CALL TO ADVENTURE
Gandalf calls Bilbo to
the adventure to return
the Ring
3. REFUSE THE CALL
Bilbo refused the call
but Frodo accepts
the call after he
encounters Sauron’s
Ringwraiths
4. MENTOR
The entire Fellowship of
the Ring are Mentors
5. CROSSING THE FIRST THRESHOLD
The Shire’s cornfield
6. TESTS, ALLLIES & ENEMIES
There are many including the. Spider Shelob
12. RESSURECTION
Aragorn ascends to the throne; and the
Fellowship are raised to knights of the realm
7. APPROACH TO INMOST CAVE
Gollum guides Frodo and Sam to
the Secret Cave via the secret path
8. SUPREME ORDEAL
Dead Marshes and
Gollum are the Great
Ordeal crossed in the
approach to Mordor
9. REWARD
Frodo’s ‘reward’ is
to see the ring
consumed in Fires
of Mordor
10. THE ROAD BACK:
Frodo and Sam fly on
Gandalf’s eagles
11. RETURN WITH ELIXIR
Frodo bears the Anti Elixir: A
Ringwraith’s mortal wound
35. T H E H E R O ’ S J O U R N E Y
ARAGORN
Aragorn II of Allasar
SAM
Samwise Gamgee
BOROMIR
Warrior of Gondor
PIPPIN
Peregrin Took
MERRY
Meriadoc Brandybuck
GIMLI
Son of Gloin
LEGOLAS
Elf of Gondolin
FRODO
Baggins
GANDALF the Grey
(Later the White)