Introduction to Livestock in a Changing Landscape

Introduction to Livestock in a Changing Landscape Shirley Tarawali International Livestock Research Institute

Inter-institutional collaboration:
United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI)
FAO Livestock, Environment and Development Initiative (LEAD)
Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE)
Swiss College of Agriculture (SHL)
Bern University of Applied Sciences
Centre de Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Developpement (CIRAD)
Woods Institute for the Environment at Stanford University
(Steering committee)

Overview
Context
Objectives
Process and partners
Approach
Challenges

Livestock?
Feeding the world is a major challenge – now for the 1 billion food insecure and in the future for the 9.2 billion total population
Agriculture including and especially livestock has a major role to play
Providing food, contributing to livelihoods, impacting the environment and health
Change?
Diverse pressures and demands (population, urbanization, climate change, environmental and health concerns....)
The livestock sector is changing everywhere
A multitude of both challenges and opportunities
Diverse, competing and contrasting trade offs

Diversity
Speed of change Some changing fast (E.Asia)........Some changing slowly (SSA) Nature of change INTENSIFY...................................... De-INTENSIFY - Few, large farms
Many farmers, small farms
Heterogeneity Trade-offs

Social/ livelihood 1 billion livelihoods Diverse functions Mainly for food

Health and nutrition Nutrition, wellbeing, cognitive development Threat of excessive consumption Zoonotic diseases ILRI/Mann

Soil fertility Ecosystem services “ Pollution”, nitrogen, carbon, water........ Environment

Objectives
Detailed, comprehensive and integrated view of the global livestock sector
What is, and will be influencing change, what are the consequences and how can this assessment lead to informed responses
Current practices and future scenarios
Opportunities to enhance the positive and insights to mitigate the negative consequences
Developed and developing country livestock sectors

Process
March 2006 – scoping meeting
Steering committee
December 2006 – global consultation
Specific consultations
Development of responses section
March 2010 – publication launch
Partners:
Diversity reflects the diversity of the livestock sector, and the breadth and depth the publication has aimed to capture
Large community of experts from a wide diversity of institutions planning, writing reviewing information and ideas;
Spanning the entire research, development, public and private investment spectrum;
Covering livestock, agriculture, environment, technical, policy, economic, social dimensions;
Ranging from academic, to on the ground livestock practitioners, to policy makers and the private sector
Industrial, crop livestock and pastoral systems; developed and developing countries

Approach
Working and learning together to generate a comprehensive assessment
Drivers
What are the on going changes and how are these impacting on the livestock sector now and in the future?
Consequences (spatial-temporal; local-global)
Environmental (carbon, nitrogen, water, biodiversity, manure management)
Health (human health hazards, animal source food consumption – developed and developing countries)
Social (implications of livestock systems transition – extensive (pastoral), mixed and interaction with industrial)
Responses
Environmental
Human nutrition
Emerging livestock diseases
Social – smallholder capacity to participate – not maintain at any cost
Case studies
To complement with illustrations of on going diversity and changes in different regions covering both developed and developing countries and industrial livestock production

Challenges?
Almost everyone on the planet is impacted by livestock one way or another, but the sector and its impacts are very diverse and changing
Millions rely on livestock for livelihoods and are likely to do so for some decades – getting them engaged in markets and production in environmentally friendly and equitable ways is a challenge
A new paradigm for international collaboration around livestock sector issues:
Exemplified by the diversity of collaboration for Livestock in a changing landscape (but even broader?)
New and diverse partnerships and roles
Networks, knowledge sharing and research based evidence for capacity building all important
Many interwoven trade-offs, risks and tensions, which are globally diverse –
- Solutions - integrated; capacity to innovate; nuanced; policies to support transition
Livestock in a Changing Landscape provides a broad, deep and comprehensive view of the global livestock sector which can contribute to sound future livestock development

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Introduction to Livestock in a Changing Landscape

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