SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 1
Download to read offline
Par$cipatory	
  evalua$on	
  of	
  chicken	
  health	
  
and	
  produc$on	
  constraints	
  in	
  Ethiopia	
  
E.	
  Sambo1	
  ,	
  J.	
  Be.ridge1,2,	
  T.	
  Dessie2,	
  A.	
  Amare3,	
  T.	
  Habte3,	
  P.	
  Wigley1	
  and	
  R.	
  Christley1	
  
	
  
1	
  Ins&tute	
  of	
  Infec&on	
  and	
  Global	
  Health,	
  University	
  of	
  Liverpool,	
  UK;	
  2	
  Interna&onal	
  Livestock	
  Research	
  Ins&tute,	
  Addis,	
  Ababa,	
  Ethiopia	
  
3	
  Debre	
  Zeit	
  Agricultural	
  Research	
  Centre,	
  Ethiopian	
  Ins&tute	
  for	
  Agriculture	
  Research,	
  Debre	
  Zeit,	
  Ethiopia	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
Chicken	
  produc$on	
  	
  
	
  
• Backyard	
  chicken	
  producGon	
  is	
  important	
  for	
  income	
  
generaGon	
  and	
  food	
  security,	
  especially	
  for	
  poor	
  rural	
  farmers	
  
• It	
  is	
  oJen	
  the	
  only	
  source	
  of	
  independent	
  income	
  for	
  women	
  
• Ethiopia	
  has	
  a	
  growing	
  number	
  of	
  semi-­‐intensive	
  farms	
  in	
  peri-­‐
urban	
  areas,	
  to	
  meet	
  the	
  increasing	
  demand	
  for	
  poultry	
  
products	
  from	
  the	
  emerging	
  middle-­‐class	
  urban	
  sector	
  
• The	
  area	
  around	
  Debre	
  Zeit	
  is	
  a	
  focus	
  of	
  poultry	
  producGon,	
  
with	
  potenGal	
  access	
  to	
  several	
  local	
  insGtuGons	
  with	
  veterinary	
  
and	
  agricultural	
  experGse	
  and	
  materials	
  
Conclusions	
  
	
  
• Constraints	
  in	
  accessing	
  agricultural	
  and	
  veterinary	
  inputs	
  and	
  
experGse	
  affect	
  both	
  backyard	
  and	
  semi-­‐intensive	
  producers	
  
• Although	
  poultry	
  development	
  schemes	
  are	
  cited	
  to	
  empower	
  
women,	
  semi-­‐intensive	
  farms	
  are	
  usually	
  controlled	
  by	
  men	
  
• Provision	
  needs	
  to	
  be	
  made	
  so	
  that	
  a	
  wide	
  range	
  of	
  business	
  
models	
  can	
  access	
  inputs,	
  especially	
  for	
  those	
  with	
  limited	
  capital,	
  
such	
  as	
  women,	
  who	
  may	
  need	
  to	
  build	
  up	
  a	
  flock	
  slowly	
  
• Constraints	
  are	
  likely	
  to	
  be	
  more	
  acute	
  elsewhere,	
  as	
  they	
  will	
  be	
  
compounded	
  by	
  lack	
  of	
  infrastructure	
  
Methods	
  
	
  
• Eight	
  focus	
  group	
  discussions	
  were	
  held	
  with	
  41	
  backyard	
  
producers	
  in	
  villages	
  around	
  Debre	
  Zeit	
  
• Semi-­‐structured	
  interviews	
  were	
  held	
  with	
  31	
  individual	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
semi-­‐intensive	
  farmers	
  
• Topics	
  discussed	
  included:	
  
₋ livelihood	
  and	
  livestock	
  acGviGes	
  	
  
₋ poultry	
  management	
  	
  
₋ constraints	
  to	
  poultry	
  producGon	
  
₋ poultry	
  diseases,	
  clinical	
  signs	
  and	
  risk	
  factors	
  
₋ biosecurity	
  measures	
  
• Simple	
  ranking,	
  proporGonal	
  piling,	
  seasonal	
  calendars	
  and	
  
transect	
  walks	
  were	
  used	
  to	
  collect	
  data	
  
Results	
  
	
  
• ParGcipants	
  agreed	
  that	
  chicken	
  producGon	
  was	
  important	
  for	
  
women,	
  yet	
  they	
  tend	
  to	
  manage	
  backyard	
  flocks,	
  whereas	
  men	
  
oJen	
  control	
  semi-­‐intensive	
  flocks	
  
• Chicken	
  producGon	
  was	
  not	
  a	
  primary	
  source	
  of	
  income.	
  Most	
  
farmers	
  were	
  engaged	
  in	
  mixed	
  livelihood	
  acGviGes,	
  and	
  semi-­‐
intensive	
  producers	
  oJen	
  had	
  non-­‐agricultural,	
  salaried	
  work	
  
• ParGcipants	
  could	
  recognise	
  and	
  describe	
  a	
  variety	
  of	
  diseases,	
  
and	
  had	
  good	
  knowledge	
  about	
  potenGal	
  risk	
  factors	
  
• Biosecurity	
  was	
  poor,	
  and	
  veterinary	
  products	
  and	
  experGse	
  hard	
  
to	
  access,	
  leading	
  to	
  inappropriate	
  use	
  of	
  drugs	
  and	
  vaccines,	
  
therefore	
  disease	
  was	
  sGll	
  a	
  constraint	
  for	
  both	
  types	
  of	
  producer	
  
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Semi-intensive producers
(a) Production constraints
Score
1
2
3
4
5
0
2
4
6
8
10
Backyard producers
Neighbours
Predators
Poor production
Shelter
Vet services
Poor markets
Day-old chicks
Disease
Feed
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
(b) Diseases
0
2
4
6
8
10
Endoparasites
Pasteurelosis
CRD
Fowl pox
Eye disease
Ectoparasitism
Coccidiosis
Diarrhoea
NCD
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
(c) Risk factors
0
2
4
6
8
10
Lack of vaccines
Trade of sick birds
Carcases
Dew
Season
Scavenging
Early rain/grass
Poor management
Poor biosecurity
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
(d) Veterinary services
0
2
4
6
8
10
Lack of drugs
Ineffective drugs
Small flock size
Lack of vaccines
Lack of expert vets
Vet accessibility
Cost
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Semi-intensive producers
(a) Production constraints
Score
1
2
3
4
5
0
2
4
6
8
10
Backyard producers
Neighbours
Predators
Poor production
Shelter
Vet services
Poor markets
Day-old chicks
Disease
Feed
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
(b) Diseases
0
2
4
6
8
10
Endoparasites
Pasteurelosis
CRD
Fowl pox
Eye disease
Ectoparasitism
Coccidiosis
Diarrhoea
NCD
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
(c) Risk factors
0
2
4
6
8
10
Lack of vaccines
Trade of sick birds
Carcases
Dew
Season
Scavenging
Early rain/grass
Poor management
Poor biosecurity
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
(d) Veterinary services
0
2
4
6
8
10
Lack of drugs
Ineffective drugs
Small flock size
Lack of vaccines
Lack of expert vets
Vet accessibility
Cost
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Semi-intensive producers
(a) Production constraints
Score
1
2
3
4
5
0
2
4
6
8
10
Backyard producers
Neighbours
Predators
Poor production
Shelter
Vet services
Poor markets
Day-old chicks
Disease
Feed
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
(b) Diseases
0
2
4
6
8
10
Endoparasites
Pasteurelosis
CRD
Fowl pox
Eye disease
Ectoparasitism
Coccidiosis
Diarrhoea
NCD
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
(c) Risk factors
0
2
4
6
8
10
Lack of vaccines
Trade of sick birds
Carcases
Dew
Season
Scavenging
Early rain/grass
Poor management
Poor biosecurity30
25
20
15
10
5
0
(d) Veterinary services
0
2
4
6
8
10
Lack of drugs
Ineffective drugs
Small flock size
Lack of vaccines
Lack of expert vets
Vet accessibility
Cost
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Semi-intensive producers
(a) Production constraints
Score
1
2
3
4
5
0
2
4
6
8
10
Backyard producers
Neighbours
Predators
Poor production
Shelter
Vet services
Poor markets
Day-old chicks
Disease
Feed30
25
20
15
10
5
0
(b) Diseases
0
2
4
6
8
10
Endoparasites
Pasteurelosis
CRD
Fowl pox
Eye disease
Ectoparasitism
Coccidiosis
Diarrhoea
NCD
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
(c) Risk factors
0
2
4
6
8
10
Lack of vaccines
Trade of sick birds
Carcases
Dew
Season
Scavenging
Early rain/grass
Poor management
Poor biosecurity
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
(d) Veterinary services
0
2
4
6
8
10
Lack of drugs
Ineffective drugs
Small flock size
Lack of vaccines
Lack of expert vets
Vet accessibility
Cost

More Related Content

What's hot

Climate change and animal health
Climate change and animal healthClimate change and animal health
Climate change and animal healthILRI
 
Dr. Dave Wright - Preparing for a Foreign Animal Disease: An overview of the ...
Dr. Dave Wright - Preparing for a Foreign Animal Disease: An overview of the ...Dr. Dave Wright - Preparing for a Foreign Animal Disease: An overview of the ...
Dr. Dave Wright - Preparing for a Foreign Animal Disease: An overview of the ...John Blue
 
Possible management strategies for Fall Armyworm, a threat to African maize f...
Possible management strategies for Fall Armyworm, a threat to African maize f...Possible management strategies for Fall Armyworm, a threat to African maize f...
Possible management strategies for Fall Armyworm, a threat to African maize f...Francois Stepman
 
Socio-economic effect of swine diseases: preliminary insights from Myanmar
Socio-economic effect of swine diseases: preliminary insights from MyanmarSocio-economic effect of swine diseases: preliminary insights from Myanmar
Socio-economic effect of swine diseases: preliminary insights from MyanmarMyanmarPigs
 
Dr. Jim Roth - Foreign Animal Disease Prep: What Should You Know?
Dr. Jim Roth - Foreign Animal Disease Prep: What Should You Know?Dr. Jim Roth - Foreign Animal Disease Prep: What Should You Know?
Dr. Jim Roth - Foreign Animal Disease Prep: What Should You Know?John Blue
 
Maass - Using the 'livestock ladder' to exit poverty
Maass - Using the 'livestock ladder' to exit poverty Maass - Using the 'livestock ladder' to exit poverty
Maass - Using the 'livestock ladder' to exit poverty CIALCA
 
EC311 Global Economic Issues (Global Health Crises)
EC311 Global Economic Issues (Global Health Crises)EC311 Global Economic Issues (Global Health Crises)
EC311 Global Economic Issues (Global Health Crises)Ryan Herzog
 
Sustainable Agricultural Development for Food Security and Nutrition: What Ro...
Sustainable Agricultural Development for Food Security and Nutrition: What Ro...Sustainable Agricultural Development for Food Security and Nutrition: What Ro...
Sustainable Agricultural Development for Food Security and Nutrition: What Ro...ILRI
 
Climate smart livestock interventions
Climate smart livestock interventionsClimate smart livestock interventions
Climate smart livestock interventionsILRI
 
What do we know about the economic impact of foot and mouth disease in smallh...
What do we know about the economic impact of foot and mouth disease in smallh...What do we know about the economic impact of foot and mouth disease in smallh...
What do we know about the economic impact of foot and mouth disease in smallh...ILRI
 
The livestock revolution and implications for human health and disease
The livestock revolution and implications for human health and diseaseThe livestock revolution and implications for human health and disease
The livestock revolution and implications for human health and diseaseILRI
 
Supporting Agricultural R4D in the Semi-Arid Tropics
Supporting Agricultural R4D in the Semi-Arid TropicsSupporting Agricultural R4D in the Semi-Arid Tropics
Supporting Agricultural R4D in the Semi-Arid Tropicscropreg
 
Uganda pig genetics
Uganda pig geneticsUganda pig genetics
Uganda pig geneticsILRI
 
Food safety in informal markets
Food safety in informal marketsFood safety in informal markets
Food safety in informal marketsILRI
 
Success in feeding the world or source of social and environmental concern
Success in feeding the world or source of social and environmental concernSuccess in feeding the world or source of social and environmental concern
Success in feeding the world or source of social and environmental concernM S Swaminathan Research Foundation
 
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...ckmtraining
 
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...ILRI
 

What's hot (20)

Climate change and animal health
Climate change and animal healthClimate change and animal health
Climate change and animal health
 
CCAFS 4 Degree World by Philip Thornton
CCAFS 4 Degree World by Philip Thornton CCAFS 4 Degree World by Philip Thornton
CCAFS 4 Degree World by Philip Thornton
 
Dr. Dave Wright - Preparing for a Foreign Animal Disease: An overview of the ...
Dr. Dave Wright - Preparing for a Foreign Animal Disease: An overview of the ...Dr. Dave Wright - Preparing for a Foreign Animal Disease: An overview of the ...
Dr. Dave Wright - Preparing for a Foreign Animal Disease: An overview of the ...
 
Possible management strategies for Fall Armyworm, a threat to African maize f...
Possible management strategies for Fall Armyworm, a threat to African maize f...Possible management strategies for Fall Armyworm, a threat to African maize f...
Possible management strategies for Fall Armyworm, a threat to African maize f...
 
Socio-economic effect of swine diseases: preliminary insights from Myanmar
Socio-economic effect of swine diseases: preliminary insights from MyanmarSocio-economic effect of swine diseases: preliminary insights from Myanmar
Socio-economic effect of swine diseases: preliminary insights from Myanmar
 
Dr. Jim Roth - Foreign Animal Disease Prep: What Should You Know?
Dr. Jim Roth - Foreign Animal Disease Prep: What Should You Know?Dr. Jim Roth - Foreign Animal Disease Prep: What Should You Know?
Dr. Jim Roth - Foreign Animal Disease Prep: What Should You Know?
 
Tuesday kn speech 0855 0920 room 2 okello
Tuesday kn speech 0855 0920 room 2 okelloTuesday kn speech 0855 0920 room 2 okello
Tuesday kn speech 0855 0920 room 2 okello
 
Maass - Using the 'livestock ladder' to exit poverty
Maass - Using the 'livestock ladder' to exit poverty Maass - Using the 'livestock ladder' to exit poverty
Maass - Using the 'livestock ladder' to exit poverty
 
EC311 Global Economic Issues (Global Health Crises)
EC311 Global Economic Issues (Global Health Crises)EC311 Global Economic Issues (Global Health Crises)
EC311 Global Economic Issues (Global Health Crises)
 
Sustainable Agricultural Development for Food Security and Nutrition: What Ro...
Sustainable Agricultural Development for Food Security and Nutrition: What Ro...Sustainable Agricultural Development for Food Security and Nutrition: What Ro...
Sustainable Agricultural Development for Food Security and Nutrition: What Ro...
 
Climate smart livestock interventions
Climate smart livestock interventionsClimate smart livestock interventions
Climate smart livestock interventions
 
What do we know about the economic impact of foot and mouth disease in smallh...
What do we know about the economic impact of foot and mouth disease in smallh...What do we know about the economic impact of foot and mouth disease in smallh...
What do we know about the economic impact of foot and mouth disease in smallh...
 
The livestock revolution and implications for human health and disease
The livestock revolution and implications for human health and diseaseThe livestock revolution and implications for human health and disease
The livestock revolution and implications for human health and disease
 
Supporting Agricultural R4D in the Semi-Arid Tropics
Supporting Agricultural R4D in the Semi-Arid TropicsSupporting Agricultural R4D in the Semi-Arid Tropics
Supporting Agricultural R4D in the Semi-Arid Tropics
 
Uganda pig genetics
Uganda pig geneticsUganda pig genetics
Uganda pig genetics
 
Food safety in informal markets
Food safety in informal marketsFood safety in informal markets
Food safety in informal markets
 
Diversified Farming & Diets - Reducing Vulnerability to Climate Change in Zambia
Diversified Farming & Diets - Reducing Vulnerability to Climate Change in ZambiaDiversified Farming & Diets - Reducing Vulnerability to Climate Change in Zambia
Diversified Farming & Diets - Reducing Vulnerability to Climate Change in Zambia
 
Success in feeding the world or source of social and environmental concern
Success in feeding the world or source of social and environmental concernSuccess in feeding the world or source of social and environmental concern
Success in feeding the world or source of social and environmental concern
 
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...
 
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...
 

Viewers also liked

Animal health and greenhouse gas emissions intensity network
Animal health and greenhouse gas emissions intensity networkAnimal health and greenhouse gas emissions intensity network
Animal health and greenhouse gas emissions intensity networkILRI
 
Risk management and communication in informal dairy sector in Côte d’Ivoire: ...
Risk management and communication in informal dairy sector in Côte d’Ivoire: ...Risk management and communication in informal dairy sector in Côte d’Ivoire: ...
Risk management and communication in informal dairy sector in Côte d’Ivoire: ...ILRI
 
Creating novel approaches to mitigate aflatoxin risk in food and feed with la...
Creating novel approaches to mitigate aflatoxin risk in food and feed with la...Creating novel approaches to mitigate aflatoxin risk in food and feed with la...
Creating novel approaches to mitigate aflatoxin risk in food and feed with la...ILRI
 
Evolution of animal production in africa and other emerging markets
Evolution of animal production in africa and other emerging marketsEvolution of animal production in africa and other emerging markets
Evolution of animal production in africa and other emerging marketsILRI
 
Tanzania dairy genetics: Matching dairy genetics to smallholder farmers’ inpu...
Tanzania dairy genetics: Matching dairy genetics to smallholder farmers’ inpu...Tanzania dairy genetics: Matching dairy genetics to smallholder farmers’ inpu...
Tanzania dairy genetics: Matching dairy genetics to smallholder farmers’ inpu...ILRI
 
Influencia de la confianza en el desarrollo de capacidades dentro de los miem...
Influencia de la confianza en el desarrollo de capacidades dentro de los miem...Influencia de la confianza en el desarrollo de capacidades dentro de los miem...
Influencia de la confianza en el desarrollo de capacidades dentro de los miem...ILRI
 
Experience and scaling up ecf immunization delivery in Tanzania
Experience and scaling up ecf immunization delivery in TanzaniaExperience and scaling up ecf immunization delivery in Tanzania
Experience and scaling up ecf immunization delivery in TanzaniaILRI
 
What works where for which farm household: Estimated effects of different int...
What works where for which farm household: Estimated effects of different int...What works where for which farm household: Estimated effects of different int...
What works where for which farm household: Estimated effects of different int...ILRI
 
Safe Food, Fair Food, Ethiopia: Rapid assessment report 2014
Safe Food, Fair Food, Ethiopia: Rapid assessment report 2014Safe Food, Fair Food, Ethiopia: Rapid assessment report 2014
Safe Food, Fair Food, Ethiopia: Rapid assessment report 2014ILRI
 

Viewers also liked (9)

Animal health and greenhouse gas emissions intensity network
Animal health and greenhouse gas emissions intensity networkAnimal health and greenhouse gas emissions intensity network
Animal health and greenhouse gas emissions intensity network
 
Risk management and communication in informal dairy sector in Côte d’Ivoire: ...
Risk management and communication in informal dairy sector in Côte d’Ivoire: ...Risk management and communication in informal dairy sector in Côte d’Ivoire: ...
Risk management and communication in informal dairy sector in Côte d’Ivoire: ...
 
Creating novel approaches to mitigate aflatoxin risk in food and feed with la...
Creating novel approaches to mitigate aflatoxin risk in food and feed with la...Creating novel approaches to mitigate aflatoxin risk in food and feed with la...
Creating novel approaches to mitigate aflatoxin risk in food and feed with la...
 
Evolution of animal production in africa and other emerging markets
Evolution of animal production in africa and other emerging marketsEvolution of animal production in africa and other emerging markets
Evolution of animal production in africa and other emerging markets
 
Tanzania dairy genetics: Matching dairy genetics to smallholder farmers’ inpu...
Tanzania dairy genetics: Matching dairy genetics to smallholder farmers’ inpu...Tanzania dairy genetics: Matching dairy genetics to smallholder farmers’ inpu...
Tanzania dairy genetics: Matching dairy genetics to smallholder farmers’ inpu...
 
Influencia de la confianza en el desarrollo de capacidades dentro de los miem...
Influencia de la confianza en el desarrollo de capacidades dentro de los miem...Influencia de la confianza en el desarrollo de capacidades dentro de los miem...
Influencia de la confianza en el desarrollo de capacidades dentro de los miem...
 
Experience and scaling up ecf immunization delivery in Tanzania
Experience and scaling up ecf immunization delivery in TanzaniaExperience and scaling up ecf immunization delivery in Tanzania
Experience and scaling up ecf immunization delivery in Tanzania
 
What works where for which farm household: Estimated effects of different int...
What works where for which farm household: Estimated effects of different int...What works where for which farm household: Estimated effects of different int...
What works where for which farm household: Estimated effects of different int...
 
Safe Food, Fair Food, Ethiopia: Rapid assessment report 2014
Safe Food, Fair Food, Ethiopia: Rapid assessment report 2014Safe Food, Fair Food, Ethiopia: Rapid assessment report 2014
Safe Food, Fair Food, Ethiopia: Rapid assessment report 2014
 

Similar to Participatory evaluation of chicken health and production constraints in Ethiopia

Johanna Lindahl, ILRI: Aflatoxins as major contributions to harvest loss – wh...
Johanna Lindahl, ILRI: Aflatoxins as major contributions to harvest loss – wh...Johanna Lindahl, ILRI: Aflatoxins as major contributions to harvest loss – wh...
Johanna Lindahl, ILRI: Aflatoxins as major contributions to harvest loss – wh...SIANI
 
Livestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reduction
Livestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reductionLivestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reduction
Livestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reductionILRI
 
International perspectives on One Health
International perspectives on One HealthInternational perspectives on One Health
International perspectives on One HealthILRI
 
Food safety policy in 9 African countries
Food safety policy in 9 African countriesFood safety policy in 9 African countries
Food safety policy in 9 African countriesILRI
 
Safer food for traditional markets from a One health perspective
Safer food for traditional markets from a One health perspectiveSafer food for traditional markets from a One health perspective
Safer food for traditional markets from a One health perspectiveILRI
 
Traditional food chains–some thoughts on terminologies, perceptions and how t...
Traditional food chains–some thoughts on terminologies, perceptions and how t...Traditional food chains–some thoughts on terminologies, perceptions and how t...
Traditional food chains–some thoughts on terminologies, perceptions and how t...ILRI
 
ILRI Food Safety and Zoonoses: India and Bihar
ILRI Food Safety and Zoonoses: India and BiharILRI Food Safety and Zoonoses: India and Bihar
ILRI Food Safety and Zoonoses: India and BiharILRI
 
Key constraints to smallholder village chicken production and marketing syste...
Key constraints to smallholder village chicken production and marketing syste...Key constraints to smallholder village chicken production and marketing syste...
Key constraints to smallholder village chicken production and marketing syste...ILRI
 
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)Francois Stepman
 
Experience at EIAR on Dairy Research and Development in Ethiopia
Experience at EIAR on Dairy Research and Development in EthiopiaExperience at EIAR on Dairy Research and Development in Ethiopia
Experience at EIAR on Dairy Research and Development in EthiopiaILRI
 
Food safety trade-offs
Food safety trade-offsFood safety trade-offs
Food safety trade-offsILRI
 
Smallholder dairy farming in Tanzania: Farming practices, animal health and p...
Smallholder dairy farming in Tanzania: Farming practices, animal health and p...Smallholder dairy farming in Tanzania: Farming practices, animal health and p...
Smallholder dairy farming in Tanzania: Farming practices, animal health and p...ILRI
 
Global food safety: Situation and challenges
Global food safety: Situation and challengesGlobal food safety: Situation and challenges
Global food safety: Situation and challengesILRI
 
One Health approaches to different problems: Work at the International Livest...
One Health approaches to different problems: Work at the International Livest...One Health approaches to different problems: Work at the International Livest...
One Health approaches to different problems: Work at the International Livest...ILRI
 
Rahul_kr_ layer farming.pptx
Rahul_kr_ layer farming.pptxRahul_kr_ layer farming.pptx
Rahul_kr_ layer farming.pptxRahulKumar924284
 
Livestock and food security: An ILRI perspective
Livestock and food security: An ILRI perspectiveLivestock and food security: An ILRI perspective
Livestock and food security: An ILRI perspectiveILRI
 

Similar to Participatory evaluation of chicken health and production constraints in Ethiopia (20)

Johanna Lindahl, ILRI: Aflatoxins as major contributions to harvest loss – wh...
Johanna Lindahl, ILRI: Aflatoxins as major contributions to harvest loss – wh...Johanna Lindahl, ILRI: Aflatoxins as major contributions to harvest loss – wh...
Johanna Lindahl, ILRI: Aflatoxins as major contributions to harvest loss – wh...
 
Livestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reduction
Livestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reductionLivestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reduction
Livestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reduction
 
AASW: Livestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reduction
AASW: Livestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reductionAASW: Livestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reduction
AASW: Livestock research for Africa’s food security and poverty reduction
 
International perspectives on One Health
International perspectives on One HealthInternational perspectives on One Health
International perspectives on One Health
 
Food safety policy in 9 African countries
Food safety policy in 9 African countriesFood safety policy in 9 African countries
Food safety policy in 9 African countries
 
Safer food for traditional markets from a One health perspective
Safer food for traditional markets from a One health perspectiveSafer food for traditional markets from a One health perspective
Safer food for traditional markets from a One health perspective
 
Traditional food chains–some thoughts on terminologies, perceptions and how t...
Traditional food chains–some thoughts on terminologies, perceptions and how t...Traditional food chains–some thoughts on terminologies, perceptions and how t...
Traditional food chains–some thoughts on terminologies, perceptions and how t...
 
ILRI Food Safety and Zoonoses: India and Bihar
ILRI Food Safety and Zoonoses: India and BiharILRI Food Safety and Zoonoses: India and Bihar
ILRI Food Safety and Zoonoses: India and Bihar
 
Key constraints to smallholder village chicken production and marketing syste...
Key constraints to smallholder village chicken production and marketing syste...Key constraints to smallholder village chicken production and marketing syste...
Key constraints to smallholder village chicken production and marketing syste...
 
Livestock value chains
Livestock value chains Livestock value chains
Livestock value chains
 
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)
 
Experience at EIAR on Dairy Research and Development in Ethiopia
Experience at EIAR on Dairy Research and Development in EthiopiaExperience at EIAR on Dairy Research and Development in Ethiopia
Experience at EIAR on Dairy Research and Development in Ethiopia
 
Shadrack Moephuli
Shadrack Moephuli  Shadrack Moephuli
Shadrack Moephuli
 
Food safety trade-offs
Food safety trade-offsFood safety trade-offs
Food safety trade-offs
 
Smallholder dairy farming in Tanzania: Farming practices, animal health and p...
Smallholder dairy farming in Tanzania: Farming practices, animal health and p...Smallholder dairy farming in Tanzania: Farming practices, animal health and p...
Smallholder dairy farming in Tanzania: Farming practices, animal health and p...
 
Randolph1 a4 nh-ispc
Randolph1 a4 nh-ispcRandolph1 a4 nh-ispc
Randolph1 a4 nh-ispc
 
Global food safety: Situation and challenges
Global food safety: Situation and challengesGlobal food safety: Situation and challenges
Global food safety: Situation and challenges
 
One Health approaches to different problems: Work at the International Livest...
One Health approaches to different problems: Work at the International Livest...One Health approaches to different problems: Work at the International Livest...
One Health approaches to different problems: Work at the International Livest...
 
Rahul_kr_ layer farming.pptx
Rahul_kr_ layer farming.pptxRahul_kr_ layer farming.pptx
Rahul_kr_ layer farming.pptx
 
Livestock and food security: An ILRI perspective
Livestock and food security: An ILRI perspectiveLivestock and food security: An ILRI perspective
Livestock and food security: An ILRI perspective
 

More from ILRI

How the small-scale low biosecurity sector could be transformed into a more b...
How the small-scale low biosecurity sector could be transformed into a more b...How the small-scale low biosecurity sector could be transformed into a more b...
How the small-scale low biosecurity sector could be transformed into a more b...ILRI
 
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
 
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
 
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
 
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
 
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseases
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesPreventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseases
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesILRI
 
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne disease
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseasePreventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne disease
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseaseILRI
 
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistance
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistancePreventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistance
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
 
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countries
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesFood safety research in low- and middle-income countries
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
 
Food safety research LMIC
Food safety research LMICFood safety research LMIC
Food safety research LMICILRI
 
The application of One Health: Observations from eastern and southern Africa
The application of One Health: Observations from eastern and southern AfricaThe application of One Health: Observations from eastern and southern Africa
The application of One Health: Observations from eastern and southern AfricaILRI
 
One Health in action: Perspectives from 10 years in the field
One Health in action: Perspectives from 10 years in the fieldOne Health in action: Perspectives from 10 years in the field
One Health in action: Perspectives from 10 years in the fieldILRI
 
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaReservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
 
Minyoo ya mbwa
Minyoo ya mbwaMinyoo ya mbwa
Minyoo ya mbwaILRI
 
Parasites in dogs
Parasites in dogsParasites in dogs
Parasites in dogsILRI
 
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
 
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
 
Livestock in the agrifood systems transformation
Livestock in the agrifood systems transformationLivestock in the agrifood systems transformation
Livestock in the agrifood systems transformationILRI
 
Development of a fluorescent RBL reporter system for diagnosis of porcine cys...
Development of a fluorescent RBL reporter system for diagnosis of porcine cys...Development of a fluorescent RBL reporter system for diagnosis of porcine cys...
Development of a fluorescent RBL reporter system for diagnosis of porcine cys...ILRI
 
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farms
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsPractices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farms
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
 

More from ILRI (20)

How the small-scale low biosecurity sector could be transformed into a more b...
How the small-scale low biosecurity sector could be transformed into a more b...How the small-scale low biosecurity sector could be transformed into a more b...
How the small-scale low biosecurity sector could be transformed into a more b...
 
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...
 
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...
 
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...
 
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...
 
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseases
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesPreventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseases
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseases
 
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne disease
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseasePreventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne disease
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne disease
 
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistance
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistancePreventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistance
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistance
 
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countries
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesFood safety research in low- and middle-income countries
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countries
 
Food safety research LMIC
Food safety research LMICFood safety research LMIC
Food safety research LMIC
 
The application of One Health: Observations from eastern and southern Africa
The application of One Health: Observations from eastern and southern AfricaThe application of One Health: Observations from eastern and southern Africa
The application of One Health: Observations from eastern and southern Africa
 
One Health in action: Perspectives from 10 years in the field
One Health in action: Perspectives from 10 years in the fieldOne Health in action: Perspectives from 10 years in the field
One Health in action: Perspectives from 10 years in the field
 
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaReservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda
 
Minyoo ya mbwa
Minyoo ya mbwaMinyoo ya mbwa
Minyoo ya mbwa
 
Parasites in dogs
Parasites in dogsParasites in dogs
Parasites in dogs
 
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...
 
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...
 
Livestock in the agrifood systems transformation
Livestock in the agrifood systems transformationLivestock in the agrifood systems transformation
Livestock in the agrifood systems transformation
 
Development of a fluorescent RBL reporter system for diagnosis of porcine cys...
Development of a fluorescent RBL reporter system for diagnosis of porcine cys...Development of a fluorescent RBL reporter system for diagnosis of porcine cys...
Development of a fluorescent RBL reporter system for diagnosis of porcine cys...
 
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farms
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsPractices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farms
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farms
 

Recently uploaded

Design and Modeling for MySQL SCALE 21X Pasadena, CA Mar 2024
Design and Modeling for MySQL SCALE 21X Pasadena, CA Mar 2024Design and Modeling for MySQL SCALE 21X Pasadena, CA Mar 2024
Design and Modeling for MySQL SCALE 21X Pasadena, CA Mar 2024Alkin Tezuysal
 
Top 10 Squarespace Development Companies
Top 10 Squarespace Development CompaniesTop 10 Squarespace Development Companies
Top 10 Squarespace Development CompaniesTopCSSGallery
 
Outage Analysis: March 5th/6th 2024 Meta, Comcast, and LinkedIn
Outage Analysis: March 5th/6th 2024 Meta, Comcast, and LinkedInOutage Analysis: March 5th/6th 2024 Meta, Comcast, and LinkedIn
Outage Analysis: March 5th/6th 2024 Meta, Comcast, and LinkedInThousandEyes
 
How to release an Open Source Dataweave Library
How to release an Open Source Dataweave LibraryHow to release an Open Source Dataweave Library
How to release an Open Source Dataweave Libraryshyamraj55
 
Graphene Quantum Dots-Based Composites for Biomedical Applications
Graphene Quantum Dots-Based Composites for  Biomedical ApplicationsGraphene Quantum Dots-Based Composites for  Biomedical Applications
Graphene Quantum Dots-Based Composites for Biomedical Applicationsnooralam814309
 
20140402 - Smart house demo kit
20140402 - Smart house demo kit20140402 - Smart house demo kit
20140402 - Smart house demo kitJamie (Taka) Wang
 
The Importance of Indoor Air Quality (English)
The Importance of Indoor Air Quality (English)The Importance of Indoor Air Quality (English)
The Importance of Indoor Air Quality (English)IES VE
 
How to become a GDSC Lead GDSC MI AOE.pptx
How to become a GDSC Lead GDSC MI AOE.pptxHow to become a GDSC Lead GDSC MI AOE.pptx
How to become a GDSC Lead GDSC MI AOE.pptxKaustubhBhavsar6
 
Q4 2023 Quarterly Investor Presentation - FINAL - v1.pdf
Q4 2023 Quarterly Investor Presentation - FINAL - v1.pdfQ4 2023 Quarterly Investor Presentation - FINAL - v1.pdf
Q4 2023 Quarterly Investor Presentation - FINAL - v1.pdfTejal81
 
Patch notes explaining DISARM Version 1.4 update
Patch notes explaining DISARM Version 1.4 updatePatch notes explaining DISARM Version 1.4 update
Patch notes explaining DISARM Version 1.4 updateadam112203
 
Keep Your Finger on the Pulse of Your Building's Performance with IES Live
Keep Your Finger on the Pulse of Your Building's Performance with IES LiveKeep Your Finger on the Pulse of Your Building's Performance with IES Live
Keep Your Finger on the Pulse of Your Building's Performance with IES LiveIES VE
 
Webinar: The Art of Prioritizing Your Product Roadmap by AWS Sr PM - Tech
Webinar: The Art of Prioritizing Your Product Roadmap by AWS Sr PM - TechWebinar: The Art of Prioritizing Your Product Roadmap by AWS Sr PM - Tech
Webinar: The Art of Prioritizing Your Product Roadmap by AWS Sr PM - TechProduct School
 
Technical SEO for Improved Accessibility WTS FEST
Technical SEO for Improved Accessibility  WTS FESTTechnical SEO for Improved Accessibility  WTS FEST
Technical SEO for Improved Accessibility WTS FESTBillieHyde
 
EMEA What is ThousandEyes? Webinar
EMEA What is ThousandEyes? WebinarEMEA What is ThousandEyes? Webinar
EMEA What is ThousandEyes? WebinarThousandEyes
 
My key hands-on projects in Quantum, and QAI
My key hands-on projects in Quantum, and QAIMy key hands-on projects in Quantum, and QAI
My key hands-on projects in Quantum, and QAIVijayananda Mohire
 
Where developers are challenged, what developers want and where DevEx is going
Where developers are challenged, what developers want and where DevEx is goingWhere developers are challenged, what developers want and where DevEx is going
Where developers are challenged, what developers want and where DevEx is goingFrancesco Corti
 
March Patch Tuesday
March Patch TuesdayMarch Patch Tuesday
March Patch TuesdayIvanti
 
LF Energy Webinar - Unveiling OpenEEMeter 4.0
LF Energy Webinar - Unveiling OpenEEMeter 4.0LF Energy Webinar - Unveiling OpenEEMeter 4.0
LF Energy Webinar - Unveiling OpenEEMeter 4.0DanBrown980551
 
Automation Ops Series: Session 2 - Governance for UiPath projects
Automation Ops Series: Session 2 - Governance for UiPath projectsAutomation Ops Series: Session 2 - Governance for UiPath projects
Automation Ops Series: Session 2 - Governance for UiPath projectsDianaGray10
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Design and Modeling for MySQL SCALE 21X Pasadena, CA Mar 2024
Design and Modeling for MySQL SCALE 21X Pasadena, CA Mar 2024Design and Modeling for MySQL SCALE 21X Pasadena, CA Mar 2024
Design and Modeling for MySQL SCALE 21X Pasadena, CA Mar 2024
 
Top 10 Squarespace Development Companies
Top 10 Squarespace Development CompaniesTop 10 Squarespace Development Companies
Top 10 Squarespace Development Companies
 
Outage Analysis: March 5th/6th 2024 Meta, Comcast, and LinkedIn
Outage Analysis: March 5th/6th 2024 Meta, Comcast, and LinkedInOutage Analysis: March 5th/6th 2024 Meta, Comcast, and LinkedIn
Outage Analysis: March 5th/6th 2024 Meta, Comcast, and LinkedIn
 
How to release an Open Source Dataweave Library
How to release an Open Source Dataweave LibraryHow to release an Open Source Dataweave Library
How to release an Open Source Dataweave Library
 
Graphene Quantum Dots-Based Composites for Biomedical Applications
Graphene Quantum Dots-Based Composites for  Biomedical ApplicationsGraphene Quantum Dots-Based Composites for  Biomedical Applications
Graphene Quantum Dots-Based Composites for Biomedical Applications
 
20140402 - Smart house demo kit
20140402 - Smart house demo kit20140402 - Smart house demo kit
20140402 - Smart house demo kit
 
The Importance of Indoor Air Quality (English)
The Importance of Indoor Air Quality (English)The Importance of Indoor Air Quality (English)
The Importance of Indoor Air Quality (English)
 
How to become a GDSC Lead GDSC MI AOE.pptx
How to become a GDSC Lead GDSC MI AOE.pptxHow to become a GDSC Lead GDSC MI AOE.pptx
How to become a GDSC Lead GDSC MI AOE.pptx
 
Q4 2023 Quarterly Investor Presentation - FINAL - v1.pdf
Q4 2023 Quarterly Investor Presentation - FINAL - v1.pdfQ4 2023 Quarterly Investor Presentation - FINAL - v1.pdf
Q4 2023 Quarterly Investor Presentation - FINAL - v1.pdf
 
Patch notes explaining DISARM Version 1.4 update
Patch notes explaining DISARM Version 1.4 updatePatch notes explaining DISARM Version 1.4 update
Patch notes explaining DISARM Version 1.4 update
 
Keep Your Finger on the Pulse of Your Building's Performance with IES Live
Keep Your Finger on the Pulse of Your Building's Performance with IES LiveKeep Your Finger on the Pulse of Your Building's Performance with IES Live
Keep Your Finger on the Pulse of Your Building's Performance with IES Live
 
SheDev 2024
SheDev 2024SheDev 2024
SheDev 2024
 
Webinar: The Art of Prioritizing Your Product Roadmap by AWS Sr PM - Tech
Webinar: The Art of Prioritizing Your Product Roadmap by AWS Sr PM - TechWebinar: The Art of Prioritizing Your Product Roadmap by AWS Sr PM - Tech
Webinar: The Art of Prioritizing Your Product Roadmap by AWS Sr PM - Tech
 
Technical SEO for Improved Accessibility WTS FEST
Technical SEO for Improved Accessibility  WTS FESTTechnical SEO for Improved Accessibility  WTS FEST
Technical SEO for Improved Accessibility WTS FEST
 
EMEA What is ThousandEyes? Webinar
EMEA What is ThousandEyes? WebinarEMEA What is ThousandEyes? Webinar
EMEA What is ThousandEyes? Webinar
 
My key hands-on projects in Quantum, and QAI
My key hands-on projects in Quantum, and QAIMy key hands-on projects in Quantum, and QAI
My key hands-on projects in Quantum, and QAI
 
Where developers are challenged, what developers want and where DevEx is going
Where developers are challenged, what developers want and where DevEx is goingWhere developers are challenged, what developers want and where DevEx is going
Where developers are challenged, what developers want and where DevEx is going
 
March Patch Tuesday
March Patch TuesdayMarch Patch Tuesday
March Patch Tuesday
 
LF Energy Webinar - Unveiling OpenEEMeter 4.0
LF Energy Webinar - Unveiling OpenEEMeter 4.0LF Energy Webinar - Unveiling OpenEEMeter 4.0
LF Energy Webinar - Unveiling OpenEEMeter 4.0
 
Automation Ops Series: Session 2 - Governance for UiPath projects
Automation Ops Series: Session 2 - Governance for UiPath projectsAutomation Ops Series: Session 2 - Governance for UiPath projects
Automation Ops Series: Session 2 - Governance for UiPath projects
 

Participatory evaluation of chicken health and production constraints in Ethiopia

  • 1. Par$cipatory  evalua$on  of  chicken  health   and  produc$on  constraints  in  Ethiopia   E.  Sambo1  ,  J.  Be.ridge1,2,  T.  Dessie2,  A.  Amare3,  T.  Habte3,  P.  Wigley1  and  R.  Christley1     1  Ins&tute  of  Infec&on  and  Global  Health,  University  of  Liverpool,  UK;  2  Interna&onal  Livestock  Research  Ins&tute,  Addis,  Ababa,  Ethiopia   3  Debre  Zeit  Agricultural  Research  Centre,  Ethiopian  Ins&tute  for  Agriculture  Research,  Debre  Zeit,  Ethiopia               Chicken  produc$on       • Backyard  chicken  producGon  is  important  for  income   generaGon  and  food  security,  especially  for  poor  rural  farmers   • It  is  oJen  the  only  source  of  independent  income  for  women   • Ethiopia  has  a  growing  number  of  semi-­‐intensive  farms  in  peri-­‐ urban  areas,  to  meet  the  increasing  demand  for  poultry   products  from  the  emerging  middle-­‐class  urban  sector   • The  area  around  Debre  Zeit  is  a  focus  of  poultry  producGon,   with  potenGal  access  to  several  local  insGtuGons  with  veterinary   and  agricultural  experGse  and  materials   Conclusions     • Constraints  in  accessing  agricultural  and  veterinary  inputs  and   experGse  affect  both  backyard  and  semi-­‐intensive  producers   • Although  poultry  development  schemes  are  cited  to  empower   women,  semi-­‐intensive  farms  are  usually  controlled  by  men   • Provision  needs  to  be  made  so  that  a  wide  range  of  business   models  can  access  inputs,  especially  for  those  with  limited  capital,   such  as  women,  who  may  need  to  build  up  a  flock  slowly   • Constraints  are  likely  to  be  more  acute  elsewhere,  as  they  will  be   compounded  by  lack  of  infrastructure   Methods     • Eight  focus  group  discussions  were  held  with  41  backyard   producers  in  villages  around  Debre  Zeit   • Semi-­‐structured  interviews  were  held  with  31  individual             semi-­‐intensive  farmers   • Topics  discussed  included:   ₋ livelihood  and  livestock  acGviGes     ₋ poultry  management     ₋ constraints  to  poultry  producGon   ₋ poultry  diseases,  clinical  signs  and  risk  factors   ₋ biosecurity  measures   • Simple  ranking,  proporGonal  piling,  seasonal  calendars  and   transect  walks  were  used  to  collect  data   Results     • ParGcipants  agreed  that  chicken  producGon  was  important  for   women,  yet  they  tend  to  manage  backyard  flocks,  whereas  men   oJen  control  semi-­‐intensive  flocks   • Chicken  producGon  was  not  a  primary  source  of  income.  Most   farmers  were  engaged  in  mixed  livelihood  acGviGes,  and  semi-­‐ intensive  producers  oJen  had  non-­‐agricultural,  salaried  work   • ParGcipants  could  recognise  and  describe  a  variety  of  diseases,   and  had  good  knowledge  about  potenGal  risk  factors   • Biosecurity  was  poor,  and  veterinary  products  and  experGse  hard   to  access,  leading  to  inappropriate  use  of  drugs  and  vaccines,   therefore  disease  was  sGll  a  constraint  for  both  types  of  producer   30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Semi-intensive producers (a) Production constraints Score 1 2 3 4 5 0 2 4 6 8 10 Backyard producers Neighbours Predators Poor production Shelter Vet services Poor markets Day-old chicks Disease Feed 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 (b) Diseases 0 2 4 6 8 10 Endoparasites Pasteurelosis CRD Fowl pox Eye disease Ectoparasitism Coccidiosis Diarrhoea NCD 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 (c) Risk factors 0 2 4 6 8 10 Lack of vaccines Trade of sick birds Carcases Dew Season Scavenging Early rain/grass Poor management Poor biosecurity 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 (d) Veterinary services 0 2 4 6 8 10 Lack of drugs Ineffective drugs Small flock size Lack of vaccines Lack of expert vets Vet accessibility Cost 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Semi-intensive producers (a) Production constraints Score 1 2 3 4 5 0 2 4 6 8 10 Backyard producers Neighbours Predators Poor production Shelter Vet services Poor markets Day-old chicks Disease Feed 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 (b) Diseases 0 2 4 6 8 10 Endoparasites Pasteurelosis CRD Fowl pox Eye disease Ectoparasitism Coccidiosis Diarrhoea NCD 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 (c) Risk factors 0 2 4 6 8 10 Lack of vaccines Trade of sick birds Carcases Dew Season Scavenging Early rain/grass Poor management Poor biosecurity 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 (d) Veterinary services 0 2 4 6 8 10 Lack of drugs Ineffective drugs Small flock size Lack of vaccines Lack of expert vets Vet accessibility Cost 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Semi-intensive producers (a) Production constraints Score 1 2 3 4 5 0 2 4 6 8 10 Backyard producers Neighbours Predators Poor production Shelter Vet services Poor markets Day-old chicks Disease Feed 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 (b) Diseases 0 2 4 6 8 10 Endoparasites Pasteurelosis CRD Fowl pox Eye disease Ectoparasitism Coccidiosis Diarrhoea NCD 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 (c) Risk factors 0 2 4 6 8 10 Lack of vaccines Trade of sick birds Carcases Dew Season Scavenging Early rain/grass Poor management Poor biosecurity30 25 20 15 10 5 0 (d) Veterinary services 0 2 4 6 8 10 Lack of drugs Ineffective drugs Small flock size Lack of vaccines Lack of expert vets Vet accessibility Cost 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Semi-intensive producers (a) Production constraints Score 1 2 3 4 5 0 2 4 6 8 10 Backyard producers Neighbours Predators Poor production Shelter Vet services Poor markets Day-old chicks Disease Feed30 25 20 15 10 5 0 (b) Diseases 0 2 4 6 8 10 Endoparasites Pasteurelosis CRD Fowl pox Eye disease Ectoparasitism Coccidiosis Diarrhoea NCD 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 (c) Risk factors 0 2 4 6 8 10 Lack of vaccines Trade of sick birds Carcases Dew Season Scavenging Early rain/grass Poor management Poor biosecurity 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 (d) Veterinary services 0 2 4 6 8 10 Lack of drugs Ineffective drugs Small flock size Lack of vaccines Lack of expert vets Vet accessibility Cost