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Modern
                           CANCER PREVENTION
                           Approach

                           A Science Premier
                                Mr. LEE Chee Cheow (M.Sc.) Chief Scientific Officer,
                            International Advanced Bio-Pharmaceutical Industries Pte Ltd.


                          Dr Lee Chee Wee (Ph.D.) Chief Scientific Advisor, IABPI Pte Ltd
                             Adjunct Associate Professor, YLL School of Medicine, NUS



Promoting the Nutriceutical Science of Preventive Self-care
Cancer:
Number 1 Killer Disease in Modern Society

Major causes of death in Singapore

                                             About 1 in 3
                                               (31%)
                                            Deaths is from Cancer




•Source: Registry of Birth & Deaths
Ten Most Frequent Cancers in Singapore Males,
2006 -2010




                                  Singapore Cancer Registry ; Interim Annual Registry Report ;
                                  Trends in Cancer Incidence in Singapore 2006-2010
Ten Most Frequent Cancers in Singapore Females
2006 – 2010




                                Singapore Cancer Registry ; Interim Annual Registry Report ;
                                Trends in Cancer Incidence in Singapore 2006-2010
Our Immunity decline : As we age

Diseases of
aging
Incidents increase
exponentially with
age
Cancer : A Disease of aging
incidents increase exponentially with age




             Colorectal Cancer
Cancer – Disease of aging
incidents increase exponentially with age




            Lung Cancer
Cancer – Disease of aging
incidents increase exponentially with age




           Liver Cancer
Recommendation 1:
As you get older
Get Screened More Regularly

 To discover the cancer early
 Screening should include:
   Skin
   Mouth
   Colon
   Rectum
      Prostate
      Testes
      Cervix
      Breast
The role of
environment
and genes in the
development of
cancer
Genes
associated
with risk of
different
cancers
Recommendation 2:
Know Your Personal & Family History
Take preventive measure to avoid Hereditary Cancers

                                      Common hereditary cancers:
                                       Breast cancer
                                       Ovarian cancer
                                       Colorectal cancer
                                       Prostate cancer


                                      Genetic testing:
                                       Breast (BRCA1 & 2)
                                       Ovarian (BRCA1 & 2)
                                       Colorectal (MLH1 & MSH2)
                                       Prostate (6 potential genes)
Cancer is A Largely Avoidable Disease

 Up to 4/5 (90%) of cancer
  may be prevented through
  environment & lifestyle
  modifications


 1/3 (33%) of these cancer
  occurrences can be
  minimized via dietary
  modifications and/or
  enhancement
Recommendation 3:
 Avoid Tobacco &
 Alcohol



Cancers that
have been linked
to alcohol and
smoking




Increase cancer risk if exceeded:
 2 drinks a day for man
 1 drink a day for woman
 1 drink a day if about 65 yrs old
Obesity Increases Cancer Risks

 Type of Cancer                        Exercise Reduction of                 Proportion of incidence
                                           Cancer risks1                      attributed to Obesity2
 Colon Cancer                                   30-40%                                   11%
 Breast Cancer                                  20-80%                                    9%
 Endometrial Cancer                             20-40%                                   39%
 Lung Cancer                                       20%                                     -
 Kidney Cancer                                      NA                                   25%
 Esophageal Cancer                                  NA                                   37%
 Gall Bladder Cancer                                NA                                   24%

 Source:
 1. US National Cancer Institute: Fact sheet; Physical Activity and Cancer
 2. Australia Cancer Council: National Cancer Prevention Policy; Preventable risk factors; Overweight & obesity
Summary of Mortality from Cancer According to Body-Mass Index for U.S. Men in the Cancer Prevention Study II, 1982 through 1998.
Summary of Mortality from Cancer According to Body-Mass Index for U.S. Women in the Cancer Prevention Study II, 1982 through 1998.
Recommendation 4:
 Stay Active &
 Maintain a Healthy
 Weight

 Cancers
 that linked
 to obesity

Physically active for 30 min
or more on most days of
the week
 Low-key activities
   Brisk walking
   Swimming
   Tai Chi
   Ballroom dancing
Cancers that
linked to
infection
HBV DNA Levels and Liver Cancer
Recommendation 5: Get Immunized



 Hepatitis B
   Liver cancer
 Human papillomavirus (HPV)
   Cervical cancer
   Also cancers of anus, penis,
    throat, vulva & vagina
Recommendation 6:
Avoid Behaviors that can lead to infections

                    Viruses transmitted sexually or by
                    sharing contaminated needles:

                    Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
                    •   Cervical cancer, cancers of anus, penis, throat, vulva &
                        vagina
                    HIV (AIDS)
                    •   Anal cancer, cervical cancer, liver cancer & lymphoma etc
                    Hepatitis B and C
                    •   Liver cancer
Cancers that
linked to
environmental
carcinogens
Recommendation 7:
Avoid Environmental Risks

 Known carcinogens
      Gasoline
      Diesel exhaust
      Arsenic
      Vinyl chloride
      Nickel chromates
      Coal products
      Mustard gas
      Chloromethyl ethers
 Radiation
    Mobile phone?!?!


                             •0 min   •15 min
Recommendation 8:
Protect Yourself from Sun
Skin cancer is one of most common & preventable kinds of cancer
 Nearly all skin cancer is treatable if detect early

 Avoid peak radiation hrs (10 am – 2 pm)
 Stay in the shade; Cover exposed areas
 Don’t skimp on sunscreen
   SPF30 - prevents skin reddening 30 times longer than
    unprotected skin
   Apply every 2 hrs
35% Cancer
  deaths
 linked to
    diet

  as reported by
      Willett*




* W. C. Willett. Diet and
cancer. Oncologist.
5:393–404 (2000)
Recommendation 9:
Keep A Healthy Diet

The general dietary recommendations:
  Do not Over Eat (Caloric restriction /
   periodic fasting)
  Rich in fruits and vegetables (Low glycemic
   load), low in sugar / refined carbohydrates
  Low intake of saturated fats, cholesterol &
   trans fats
  Low in red meat, processed meat, rich in
   soy & fish
  Cut back on salt & MSG
  Avoid alcohol
Additional Recommendation :
Through Dietary Supplementation
• Improve Digestion with Probiotics & Food Enzymes
• Take Chemopreventive supplementation




    Modern Approach
                Through
     Chemoprevention
  The use of natural or synthetic
  substances to reduce risk of
  developing cancer
Cancer is a long progression disease
Cancer Chemoprevention Strategies
                                    Major categories of
                                    chemopreventive agents:
                                    Anti-toxin
                                       Detoxification, strengthen liver functions

                                    Anti-infection
                                       Strengthen immune systems

                                    Anti-oxidant
                                       Protect against free radical attack




                                    Anti-cancer
                                       Anti cell promotion
                                       Anti cell proliferation
                                       Activate programmed cell death




                                    Multi-pronged approach
                                    is recommended
Foods that have Cancer Preventive properties

  Cancer Fighting properties                Alkaline Forming
  (1)                                       properties (2)
  Beans                                     Lemons & Limes
  Berries                                   Watermelon
  Cherries                                  Grapefruit
  Cruciferous Vegetables                    Mangoes
  Chia seed / Flaxseed                      Papayas
  Garlic                                    Asparagus
  Grapes                                    Onions
  Green Tea                                 Parsley
  Soybean                                   Spinach
  Tomatoes                                  Broccoli
  Mushrooms                                 Garlic
Source:
1. American Institute for Cancer Research
2. Diet, Nutrition and the Healing & Prevention of Cancer & Other
   Diseases (XVIII); Acid-Forming & Alkaline-Forming Food Table
Mushrooms (Fungus):
 source of potent natural based
 Chemopreventive Agents




• Mushrooms are prebiotic
• They contain Host Defence Potentiators compounds which can have immune system
  enhancement properties
• They are anti tumor agents
• Currently used as adjuncts to cancer treatments in Japan, Russia, China, & U.S.A.
Medicinal mushrooms

Many Pharmaceuticals are derived
from the Fungus Kingdom:
 • Penicillin,
 • Ciclosporin,                      Grifola frondosa
 • Griseofulvin,
                                                         Trametes versicolor
 • Cephalosporin,
 • Ergometrine,
 • Statins
                                   Antrodia camphorata
Pharmaceutical Properties:
• hypoglycemic,
• anti-cancer,
• anti-viral,
• immune system enhancing          Ganoderma lucidum     Cordyceps sinensis
Antrodia Camphorata: A Rare Fungus

World’s most valuable medicinal
fungus compared:


Bio-Active Ingredients                         Ganoderma Lucidium   Antrodia Camphorata

Bio Active Triterpenes                              20-50 types         >200 types

Triterpenes concentration                              1–3%               10-45 %
Anti-cancer Triterpenes                                     NA              4%

AC is highly priced for its effectiveness in treating the
following ailments over centuries in Taiwan:
 •   Anti-cancer
 •   Improve liver functions
 •   Anti Fatigue
 •   Anti-inflammation
 •   Anti-hepatitis infection
 •   Improve immunity
 •   Anti-allergenic
New Anti Cancer Compound
Isolated from Antrodia Camphorata

Chemical name :
                                                                                              18


Antroquinonol®                                                                      19
                                                                                               17
                                                                                                    16
                                                                                                    15
                                                          22                    21
                                                                                                         14
• US Patent 7342137B1 Mar.11,2008                                      7                      11
                                                              6                                          13
                                                  O   1
• US Patent 7385088B1 Jun.10,2008                                 5         8
                                                                                9
                                                                                         10        12         20
                                             23       2
• US Patent 7411003B1 Aug.12,2008                 O       3
                                                                  4    OH

• US Patent 7456225B1 Nov.25,2008                         O
                                                                  24
• US Patent 7468392B1 Dec.23,2008
• US Patent 7501454B2 Mar.10,2009                 Molecular Weight: 390
                                                  Formulation: C24 H28 O4

Efficacy
Based on Human Cancer Cell, Antroquinonol® can Assist the
Treatment of Multiple Therapies in Solid Tumor.
Antrodia Camphorata
Powerful Natural Chemopreventive
Compound            • Anti Initiation
                                       • Anti oxidation
AC simultaneously                      • Anti inflammation
attack the various                     Anti Promotion
stages of cancer                       • Growth inhibition
formation                              Anti Progression
                                       • Induce apoptosis

AC in Cancer Applications Summary
Treatment
              Pre-Cancer therapy   During Chemotherapy   Post Chemotherapy
stages

Application    Neo-Adjuvant /
                                        Adjuvant             Preventive
Mode:          Complimentary

               Anti oxidation       Hepatoprotection      Chemoprevention
Therapeutic
                Anti infection     Immune modulation     Immune modulation
Actions:
              Anti inflammation     Tumor regression        Anti oxidation
A Natural Health Science
                            Company
                        Establish since 2003




国际先进生物药理科技

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Modern cancer prevention approach

  • 1. Modern CANCER PREVENTION Approach A Science Premier Mr. LEE Chee Cheow (M.Sc.) Chief Scientific Officer, International Advanced Bio-Pharmaceutical Industries Pte Ltd. Dr Lee Chee Wee (Ph.D.) Chief Scientific Advisor, IABPI Pte Ltd Adjunct Associate Professor, YLL School of Medicine, NUS Promoting the Nutriceutical Science of Preventive Self-care
  • 2. Cancer: Number 1 Killer Disease in Modern Society Major causes of death in Singapore About 1 in 3 (31%) Deaths is from Cancer •Source: Registry of Birth & Deaths
  • 3. Ten Most Frequent Cancers in Singapore Males, 2006 -2010 Singapore Cancer Registry ; Interim Annual Registry Report ; Trends in Cancer Incidence in Singapore 2006-2010
  • 4. Ten Most Frequent Cancers in Singapore Females 2006 – 2010 Singapore Cancer Registry ; Interim Annual Registry Report ; Trends in Cancer Incidence in Singapore 2006-2010
  • 5. Our Immunity decline : As we age Diseases of aging Incidents increase exponentially with age
  • 6. Cancer : A Disease of aging incidents increase exponentially with age Colorectal Cancer
  • 7. Cancer – Disease of aging incidents increase exponentially with age Lung Cancer
  • 8. Cancer – Disease of aging incidents increase exponentially with age Liver Cancer
  • 9. Recommendation 1: As you get older Get Screened More Regularly  To discover the cancer early  Screening should include:  Skin  Mouth  Colon  Rectum  Prostate  Testes  Cervix  Breast
  • 10. The role of environment and genes in the development of cancer
  • 12. Recommendation 2: Know Your Personal & Family History Take preventive measure to avoid Hereditary Cancers Common hereditary cancers:  Breast cancer  Ovarian cancer  Colorectal cancer  Prostate cancer Genetic testing:  Breast (BRCA1 & 2)  Ovarian (BRCA1 & 2)  Colorectal (MLH1 & MSH2)  Prostate (6 potential genes)
  • 13. Cancer is A Largely Avoidable Disease  Up to 4/5 (90%) of cancer may be prevented through environment & lifestyle modifications  1/3 (33%) of these cancer occurrences can be minimized via dietary modifications and/or enhancement
  • 14. Recommendation 3: Avoid Tobacco & Alcohol Cancers that have been linked to alcohol and smoking Increase cancer risk if exceeded:  2 drinks a day for man  1 drink a day for woman  1 drink a day if about 65 yrs old
  • 15. Obesity Increases Cancer Risks Type of Cancer Exercise Reduction of Proportion of incidence Cancer risks1 attributed to Obesity2 Colon Cancer 30-40% 11% Breast Cancer 20-80% 9% Endometrial Cancer 20-40% 39% Lung Cancer 20% - Kidney Cancer NA 25% Esophageal Cancer NA 37% Gall Bladder Cancer NA 24% Source: 1. US National Cancer Institute: Fact sheet; Physical Activity and Cancer 2. Australia Cancer Council: National Cancer Prevention Policy; Preventable risk factors; Overweight & obesity
  • 16. Summary of Mortality from Cancer According to Body-Mass Index for U.S. Men in the Cancer Prevention Study II, 1982 through 1998.
  • 17. Summary of Mortality from Cancer According to Body-Mass Index for U.S. Women in the Cancer Prevention Study II, 1982 through 1998.
  • 18. Recommendation 4: Stay Active & Maintain a Healthy Weight Cancers that linked to obesity Physically active for 30 min or more on most days of the week  Low-key activities  Brisk walking  Swimming  Tai Chi  Ballroom dancing
  • 20. HBV DNA Levels and Liver Cancer
  • 21. Recommendation 5: Get Immunized  Hepatitis B Liver cancer  Human papillomavirus (HPV) Cervical cancer Also cancers of anus, penis, throat, vulva & vagina
  • 22. Recommendation 6: Avoid Behaviors that can lead to infections Viruses transmitted sexually or by sharing contaminated needles: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) • Cervical cancer, cancers of anus, penis, throat, vulva & vagina HIV (AIDS) • Anal cancer, cervical cancer, liver cancer & lymphoma etc Hepatitis B and C • Liver cancer
  • 24. Recommendation 7: Avoid Environmental Risks  Known carcinogens  Gasoline  Diesel exhaust  Arsenic  Vinyl chloride  Nickel chromates  Coal products  Mustard gas  Chloromethyl ethers  Radiation  Mobile phone?!?! •0 min •15 min
  • 25. Recommendation 8: Protect Yourself from Sun Skin cancer is one of most common & preventable kinds of cancer  Nearly all skin cancer is treatable if detect early  Avoid peak radiation hrs (10 am – 2 pm)  Stay in the shade; Cover exposed areas  Don’t skimp on sunscreen  SPF30 - prevents skin reddening 30 times longer than unprotected skin  Apply every 2 hrs
  • 26. 35% Cancer deaths linked to diet as reported by Willett* * W. C. Willett. Diet and cancer. Oncologist. 5:393–404 (2000)
  • 27. Recommendation 9: Keep A Healthy Diet The general dietary recommendations:  Do not Over Eat (Caloric restriction / periodic fasting)  Rich in fruits and vegetables (Low glycemic load), low in sugar / refined carbohydrates  Low intake of saturated fats, cholesterol & trans fats  Low in red meat, processed meat, rich in soy & fish  Cut back on salt & MSG  Avoid alcohol
  • 28. Additional Recommendation : Through Dietary Supplementation • Improve Digestion with Probiotics & Food Enzymes • Take Chemopreventive supplementation Modern Approach Through Chemoprevention The use of natural or synthetic substances to reduce risk of developing cancer
  • 29. Cancer is a long progression disease
  • 30. Cancer Chemoprevention Strategies Major categories of chemopreventive agents: Anti-toxin Detoxification, strengthen liver functions Anti-infection Strengthen immune systems Anti-oxidant Protect against free radical attack Anti-cancer Anti cell promotion Anti cell proliferation Activate programmed cell death Multi-pronged approach is recommended
  • 31. Foods that have Cancer Preventive properties Cancer Fighting properties Alkaline Forming (1) properties (2) Beans Lemons & Limes Berries Watermelon Cherries Grapefruit Cruciferous Vegetables Mangoes Chia seed / Flaxseed Papayas Garlic Asparagus Grapes Onions Green Tea Parsley Soybean Spinach Tomatoes Broccoli Mushrooms Garlic Source: 1. American Institute for Cancer Research 2. Diet, Nutrition and the Healing & Prevention of Cancer & Other Diseases (XVIII); Acid-Forming & Alkaline-Forming Food Table
  • 32. Mushrooms (Fungus): source of potent natural based Chemopreventive Agents • Mushrooms are prebiotic • They contain Host Defence Potentiators compounds which can have immune system enhancement properties • They are anti tumor agents • Currently used as adjuncts to cancer treatments in Japan, Russia, China, & U.S.A.
  • 33. Medicinal mushrooms Many Pharmaceuticals are derived from the Fungus Kingdom: • Penicillin, • Ciclosporin, Grifola frondosa • Griseofulvin, Trametes versicolor • Cephalosporin, • Ergometrine, • Statins Antrodia camphorata Pharmaceutical Properties: • hypoglycemic, • anti-cancer, • anti-viral, • immune system enhancing Ganoderma lucidum Cordyceps sinensis
  • 34. Antrodia Camphorata: A Rare Fungus World’s most valuable medicinal fungus compared: Bio-Active Ingredients Ganoderma Lucidium Antrodia Camphorata Bio Active Triterpenes 20-50 types >200 types Triterpenes concentration 1–3% 10-45 % Anti-cancer Triterpenes NA 4% AC is highly priced for its effectiveness in treating the following ailments over centuries in Taiwan: • Anti-cancer • Improve liver functions • Anti Fatigue • Anti-inflammation • Anti-hepatitis infection • Improve immunity • Anti-allergenic
  • 35. New Anti Cancer Compound Isolated from Antrodia Camphorata Chemical name : 18 Antroquinonol® 19 17 16 15 22 21 14 • US Patent 7342137B1 Mar.11,2008 7 11 6 13 O 1 • US Patent 7385088B1 Jun.10,2008 5 8 9 10 12 20 23 2 • US Patent 7411003B1 Aug.12,2008 O 3 4 OH • US Patent 7456225B1 Nov.25,2008 O 24 • US Patent 7468392B1 Dec.23,2008 • US Patent 7501454B2 Mar.10,2009 Molecular Weight: 390 Formulation: C24 H28 O4 Efficacy Based on Human Cancer Cell, Antroquinonol® can Assist the Treatment of Multiple Therapies in Solid Tumor.
  • 36. Antrodia Camphorata Powerful Natural Chemopreventive Compound • Anti Initiation • Anti oxidation AC simultaneously • Anti inflammation attack the various Anti Promotion stages of cancer • Growth inhibition formation Anti Progression • Induce apoptosis AC in Cancer Applications Summary Treatment Pre-Cancer therapy During Chemotherapy Post Chemotherapy stages Application Neo-Adjuvant / Adjuvant Preventive Mode: Complimentary Anti oxidation Hepatoprotection Chemoprevention Therapeutic Anti infection Immune modulation Immune modulation Actions: Anti inflammation Tumor regression Anti oxidation
  • 37. A Natural Health Science Company Establish since 2003 国际先进生物药理科技