The document discusses suturing techniques and materials. It provides details on various suturing instruments including needles, needle holders, forceps and scissors. It explains the principles of suturing such as using the appropriate needle and suture size for the tissue. Different types of suture materials are also outlined, categorizing them based on absorbability, source and degradation time. Specific suture materials are described like catgut, collagen and synthetic absorbable sutures. The document serves as a guide for proper suturing methods and selection of instruments and materials.

1. In the Name of Allah, the Most
Beneficent, the Most Merciful
And your Lord has decreed that you
worship none but Him. And that you
be dutiful to your parents. If one of
them or both of them attain old age
in your life, say not to them a word
of disrespect, nor shout at them but
address them in terms of honour
(23)
(And lower unto them the wing of
submission and humility through
mercy, and say: "My Lord! Bestow
on them Your Mercy as they did
bring me up when I was small."
(24)
Surat Al-'Isrā'
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

2. Suturing
Principles, Armamentarium And Techniques
Assistant professor OMFS
Cairo University
MSA Univesity
Umm Ql-Qura University
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

3. Closure (Suturing)
• Approximation of the soft tissue edges to cover the
surgical field
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

4. Closure (Suturing)
• Approximation of the soft tissue edges to cover the
surgical field
• Advantages of suturing:
– Promotes healing
– Prevents complications
• Infection
• Hemorrhage
• Tissue necrosis
– Preserve the normal contour and shape of tissues
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

5. Suturing Instruments
• Suturing needle
• Suturing material
• Needle holder
• Tissue forceps
• Suture scissor
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

6. Suturing Instruments
• Suturing needle
• Suturing material
• Needle holder
• Tissue forceps
• Suture scissor
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

7. Suturing Instruments
• Suturing needle
• Suturing material
• Needle holder
• Tissue forceps
Point
• Suture scissor
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

8. Suturing Instruments
• Suturing needle
• Suturing material
• Needle holder
• Tissue forceps Body
• Suture scissor
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

9. Suturing Instruments
• Suturing needle
• Suturing material
• Needle holder
• Tissue forceps
• Suture scissor
Swaged end
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

10. Suturing Instruments
• Suturing needle
• Suturing material
• Needle holder
• Tissue forceps
• Suture scissor
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

11. Suturing Instruments
• Suturing needle
• Suturing material
• Needle holder
• Tissue forceps
• Suture scissor
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

12. Suturing Instruments
• Suturing needle
• Suturing material
• Needle holder
• Tissue forceps
• Suture scissor Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

13. Suturing Instruments
• Suturing needle
• Suturing material
• Needle holder
• Tissue forceps
• Suture scissor
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

14. Suturing Instruments
Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
• Suturing needle
• Suturing material
• Needle holder
• Tissue forceps
• Suture scissor
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

15. Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

16. Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

17. Suturing Instruments
• Suturing needle
• Suturing material
• Needle holder
• Tissue forceps
• Suture scissor
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

18. Suturing Instruments
• Suturing needle
• Suturing material
• Needle holder
• Tissue forceps
• Suture scissor
Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

19. Opening The Suture Material
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

20. Opening The Suture Material
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

21. Opening The Suture Material
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

22. Opening The Suture Material
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

23. Opening The Suture Material
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

24. Opening The Suture Material
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

25. Opening The Suture Material
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

26. Opening The Suture Material
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

27. Grasping the needle holder
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

28. Grasping the needle holder
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

29. Grasping the needle holder
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

30. Grasping the needle holder
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

31. Grasping the needle
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

32. Grasping the needle
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

33. Grasping the needle
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

34. Grasping the needle
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

35. Principles of suturing
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

36. Principles of suturing
• Use suture needle of suitable shape and size
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

37. Principles of suturing
• Use suture needle of suitable shape and size
• Use suture material that is of suitable type and size for
the tissues being sutured
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

38. Principles of suturing
• Use suture needle of suitable shape and size
• Use suture material that is of suitable type and size for
the tissues being sutured
• Good bite (2:3 mm from the free edge of the soft tissue)
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

39. Principles of suturing
• Use suture needle of suitable shape and size
• Use suture material that is of suitable type and size for
the tissues being sutured
• Good bite (2:3 mm from the free edge of the soft tissue)
• Sutures should not be placed under tension
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

40. Principles of suturing
• Use suture needle of suitable shape and size
• Use suture material that is of suitable type and size for
the tissues being sutured
• Good bite (2:3 mm from the free edge of the soft tissue)
• Sutures should not be placed under tension
• Knots should be tied 2-3 mm away from the incision line
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

41. Principles of suturing
• Use suture needle of suitable shape and size
• Use suture material that is of suitable type and size for
the tissues being sutured
• Good bite (2:3 mm from the free edge of the soft tissue)
• Sutures should not be placed under tension
• Knots should be tied 2-3 mm away from the incision line
• Suture material is cut 4-5 mm away from the knot
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

42. Principles of suturing
• Use suture needle of suitable shape and size
• Use suture material that is of suitable type and size for
the tissues being sutured
• Good bite (2:3 mm from the free edge of the soft tissue)
• Sutures should not be placed under tension
• Knots should be tied 2-3 mm away from the incision line
• Suture material is cut 4-5 mm away from the knot
• Superficial sutures must be removed 5 days after surgery
to prevent infection / foreign body reaction
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

43. Suture needles
• Patterns of the suture needle according to accessibility:
– Straight suture needles
– Curved suture needles
– Half circle suture needles
http://www.burtons.uk.com/products.asp?recnumber=424
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

44. Suture needles
• Patterns of the suture needle according to accessibility:
– Straight suture needles
• For skin closure
– Curved suture needles
• For intraoral suturing
• For deep suturing
– Half circle suture needles
• For intraoral suturing
http://www.burtons.uk.com/products.asp?recnumber=424
• For deep suturing
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

45. Suture needles
• Patterns of the suture needle according to cross section:
– Round suture needles
– Triangular suture needles
• Cutting
• Reverse cutting
http://www.starmedix.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

46. Suture needles
• Patterns of suture needles according to cross section:
– Round suture needles
• Round cross section
• May be straight, curved or half circle
• Suturing of fragile and delicate tissues e.g. oral mucosa and mucous
membranes
Round needle
http://www.starmedix.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

47. Suture needles
• Patterns of suture needles according to cross section:
– Cutting / Reverse cutting (Atraumatic) suture needles
• Triangular cross section
• May be straight, curved or half circle
• Suturing of dense tissues e.g. oral mucoperiosteum
Reverse cutting needle Cutting needle
http://www.starmedix.com http://www.starmedix.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

48. Suture materials
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

49. Suture materials
• Types of suture material according to resorption:
– Non-Absorbable suture materials
– Absorbable suture material
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

50. Suture materials
• Types of suture material according to resorption:
– Non-Absorbable suture materials
– Absorbable suture material
• Types of suture material according to nature:
– Natural
– Synthetic
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

51. Suture materials
• Types of suture material according to resorption:
– Non-Absorbable suture materials
– Absorbable suture material
• Types of suture material according to nature:
– Natural
– Synthetic
• Types of suture material according to gauge:
– 0/00/000/0000/00000/000000
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

52. Suture materials
• Types of suture material according to resorption:
– Non-Absorbable suture materials
– Absorbable suture material
• Types of suture material according to nature:
– Natural
– Synthetic
• Types of suture material according to gauge:
– 0/00/000/0000/00000/000000
• Types of suture material according to filament
– Monofilament
– Multifilament
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

53. Suture materials
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

54. Suture materials
Non-Absorbable Absorbable
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

55. Suture materials
Non-Absorbable Absorbable
• Can’t be resorbed by
the body
• Used for suturing of:
– Skin closure
– Routine intraoral closure
– Blood vessels ligation
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

56. Suture materials
Non-Absorbable Absorbable
• Can’t be resorbed by • Can be resorbed by
the body body
• Used for suturing of: • Used for suturing of:
– Skin closure – Deep tissues
– Routine intraoral closure – Fascial layers
– Blood vessels ligation – Intraoral closure in cases
of:
• Inability of the patient to
return to remove the sutures
• Mentally retarded patients
• Epileptic patients
• Sutures under surgical stents
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

57. Suture materials
• Non-Absorbable suture materials
– Silk
– Cotton
– Nylon
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

58. Suture materials
• Non-Absorbable suture materials
– Silk
• Black or white
• Tough suture material
• Intraoral suturing
– Cotton
– Nylon
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

59. Suture materials
• Non-Absorbable suture materials
– Silk
– Cotton
• Weak suture material
• Intraoral suturing
– Nylon
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

60. Suture materials
• Non-Absorbable suture materials
– Silk
– Cotton
– Nylon
• Very hard suture material
• Used for skin closure
• Cause mucosal irritation if used intraorally
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

61. Suture materials
• Absorbable suture materials
– Plain catgut
– Chromic catgut
– Collagen sutures
– Polyglycolic acids sutures (Dexon)
– Polyglactin-910 (Vicryl) sutures
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

62. Suture materials
• Absorbable suture materials
– Plain catgut
• Resorbed 5-10 days
• Used for suturing of deep fascia and muscles
• Occasionally tissue irritant
– Chromic catgut
– Collagen sutures
– Polyglycolic acids sutures (Dexon)
– Polyglactin-910 (Vicryl) sutures
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

63. Suture materials
• Absorbable suture materials
– Plain catgut
– Chromic catgut
• Resorbed completely after 10-15 days
• Non irritant to the tissues
• Sutures of ligaments, tendons and severed blood
vessels
– Collagen sutures
– Polyglycolic acids sutures (Dexon)
– Polyglactin-910 (Vicryl) sutures
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

64. Suture materials
• Absorbable suture materials
– Plain catgut
– Chromic catgut
– Collagen sutures
• More uniform physical properties
• Prepared from tendons of cattle
– Polyglycolic acids sutures (Dexon)
– Polyglactin-910 (Vicryl) sutures
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

65. Suture materials
• Absorbable suture materials
– Plain catgut
– Chromic catgut
– Collagen sutures
– Polyglycolic acids sutures (Dexon)
• Synthetic polymer
• Resorbed by hydrolysis within 15-30 days
– Polyglactin-910 (Vicryl) sutures
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

66. Suture materials
• Absorbable suture materials
– Plain catgut
– Chromic catgut
– Collagen sutures
– Polyglycolic acids sutures (Dexon)
– Polyglactin-910 (Vicryl) sutures
• Synthetic inert copolymer
• The strongest absorbable suture material
• Resorbed 60 – 90 days
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

67. Factors affecting selection of suturing material
• Area to be sutured
– Deep layers Vs superficial layers
– Intraoral surgeries Vs extraoral
– Vascular anastomoses are performed with fine-bore non-
absorbable materials
• Strength of the sutures needed
• Tissue reactivity toward suture material
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

68. The suture packaging
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

69. The suture packaging
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

70. The suture packaging
Material
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

71. The suture packaging
Material
Size
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

72. The suture packaging
Material
Size
Color
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

73. The suture packaging
Material
Size
Color
Sterile
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

74. The suture packaging
Material
Size
Color
Single use
Sterile
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

75. The suture packaging
Material
Size
Color
Single use Needle code
Sterile
with life size
picture
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

76. The suture packaging
Material
Size Shape
Color
Single use Needle code
Sterile
with life size
picture
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

77. The suture packaging
Material
Size Shape
Color
Needle length
Single use Needle code
Sterile
with life size
picture
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

78. The suture packaging
Material
Size Shape
Color
Needle length
Cross-section
Single use Needle code
Sterile
with life size
picture
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

79. The suture packaging
Material
Material length
Size Shape
Color
Needle length
Cross-section
Single use Needle code
Sterile
with life size
picture
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

80. The suture packaging
Material
Material length
Size Shape
Color
Needle length
Cross-section
Expiration date
Single use Needle code
Sterile
with life size
picture
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

81. Suturing techniques
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

82. Suturing techniques
• Interrupted sutures
• Continuous sutures
• Continuous with lock suture
• Horizontal mattress suture
• Vertical mattress suture
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

83. Suturing Materials & Techniques
INTERRUPTED SUTURES
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

84. Manual of Minor Oral Surgery for the General Dentist
By Karl R. Koerner
2006 by Blackwell Munksgaard,
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

85. Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

86. Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

87. Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

88. Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

89. Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

90. Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

91. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

92. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

93. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

94. Hesham El-Hawary
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

95. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

96. Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

97. Key suture
Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

98. Key suture
X
Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

99. Key suture
Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

100. Key suture
Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

101. Key suture
X
Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

102. Rule of Halves
X
Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

103. Rule of Halves
X X
Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

104. Rule of Halves
X X X
Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

105. Suturing Materials & Techniques
CONTINUOUS SUTURES
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

106. Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

107. Suturing Materials & Techniques
CONTINUOUS WITH LOCK SUTURES
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

108. Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

109. Suturing Materials & Techniques
HORIZONTAL MATTRESS SUTURE
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

110. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

111. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

112. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

113. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

114. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

115. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

116. Eversion of the edges
Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

117. Manual of Minor Oral Surgery for the General
Dentist
By Karl R. Koerner
2006 by Blackwell Munksgaard,
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

118. Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

119. Suturing Materials & Techniques
VERTICAL MATTRESS SUTURES
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

120. Oral Surgery by Fragiskos D. Fragiskos
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

121. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

122. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
1
4
3
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123. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
1
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124. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
1
2
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125. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
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126. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
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127. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
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128. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

129. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
From the inner aspect Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
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4
2
3
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130. Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
From the inner aspect Ass. Prof OMFS
www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY

131. Thank you
Dr. Hesham El-Hawary
Ass. Professor OMFS
Facebook: Hesham El-Hawary
Twitter: @elhawary_hesham
Email: hesham@elhawarydentalclinc.com
Website: www.elhawarydentalclinic.com
Wounds, Wound Healing And Suturing ELHAWARY