The international movement to Clean Production

The international movement to Clean Production Beverley Thorpe Clean Production Action Sept 30, 2009

From ‘dilution is the solution’ for industrial hazardous pollution…

To end of pipe technologies for ‘treatment’ of hazardous waste…

To pollution prevention at source

US Pollution Prevention Act 1990
Pollution prevention or source reduction is any practice which reduces the amount of any hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant entering any waste stream or otherwise released into the environment (including fugitive emissions) prior to recycling, treatment, or disposal…

Some Lessons along the way. 1986
A review of 29 chemical companies in the USA by the research group INFORM in 1986 showed that:
less than 1% of companies had any waste reduction initiatives at all
any efforts to reduce waste was caused by regulations
not one company had done a waste audit and not one company knew how much waste they produced in total
The researchers found up to 80 percent of emissions could be avoided.

Recommendations
Political action was necessary
The government needed to close cheap disposal options
The companies needed to accept increased liability
The public needed more access to information about emissions from each company
Companies needed to set timelines and goals to reduce their waste generation
“ YOU CANNOT REDUCE WHAT
YOU DO NOT MEASURE”!

Chemical Audits and Public Access to Information grow in popularity:
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Agenda 21 of the Rio Declaration (1992) and World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002) :--
“ Governments should adopt policies and measures to identify, and minimize exposure to toxic chemicals by replacing them with less toxic substitutes”
HOW?
promotion of the use of cleaner products and technologies
emission inventories
product labeling
economic incentives
Training for small and medium scale companies
phasing out or banning toxic chemicals and those that are toxic, persistent and bio-accumulative

National Cleaner Production Centres established to provide expertise:
conserving raw materials and energy
eliminating toxic raw materials
reducing the quantity and toxicity of all emissions and wastes before they leave a process.

1990 UNEP/UNIDO Clean Production Programme established

La Producción más Limpia permite: El ahorro de materias primas, agua y energía. La eliminación, reducción y/o sustitución de materias peligrosas. La reducción de cantidad y peligrosidad de los residuos y las emisiones contaminantes. http://www.cprac.org

Estudios: Sectoriales http://www.cprac.org/cast/03_activitats_estudis_03.htm#2 El estudio, aplicable a los procesos de curtido de piel de origen ovino y bovino, tiene como objetivo proporcionar a los industriales y/o expertos del sector un documento sencillo y de fácil manejo en el que se identifican las principales oportunidades de prevención de la contaminación y de optimización de los procesos productivos. El estudio presenta también una visión de conjunto sobre el sector en cada uno de los países del Plan de Acción para el Mediterráneo. Idiomas disponibles: inglés , francés y castellano (pdf)

Companies must now meet increasing demand for toxic-free products
New European chemicals legislation has focus on eliminating highly hazardous chemicals
Consumers and Institutional purchasers demanding safer products and chemicals
Global Retailers now demanding more accountability in their supply chain
or
Toy makers and retailers are responding to recalls by adding new product testing in factories

Wal-Mart now setting goals.. CPA Feb 12/13 2008

Wal-Mart has developed a chemicals screen to stimulate competition among their suppliers: GreenWercs CPA Feb 12/13 2008

CPA Feb 12/13 2008

Chemical Strategies of Business Leaders
Identify all chemicals in products and processes
Assess hazards posed by the chemicals
Eliminate high hazard chemicals
Strive for green chemicals & sustainable materials
Commit to product re-design
Take responsibility for products from cradle-to-cradle
Adopt internal chemical policies
Public support for legislative and policy reform
Changing Policy Producing more Sustainable Products Taking Chemical Action

Example: Chemical Restriction List – All Suppliers Must Comply
Flame retardants (PBDEs)
Formaldehyde
Phthalates (DEHP)
Chromium
Lead
Cadmium, Mercury, Nickel
PVC
Organotins
Bisphenol A
Perfluorinated substances
CPA Feb 12/13 2008

Taking Responsibility for Products from Cradle-to-Cradle
Present restricted substance list (170+) to suppliers and:
required testing procedures & recommended labs
requirement to share list with dye mills, print mills, tanneries & chemical manufacturers
H&M chemists assess likely chemicals to be in a product
H&M performs random testing of products
Suppliers pay for the tests ($1.75 million/year)
Supply Chain Management CPA Feb 12/13 2008

Demand for clean production is accelerating www.cleanproduction.org

Thank you for listening
Beverley Thorpe
International Director
Clean Production Action
[email_address]
+1 514 933 4596
www.cleanproduction.org

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The international movement to Clean Production

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