SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 8
Download to read offline
Your title
page for
process
section
CS on Earth  process handouts and notes
Introduction To Correlational Studies- Comparing the Correlational Study to
                     Traditional Scientific Inquiry
   In today’s class, you will begin to learn what a correlational study and also what it is not by
    completing 2 group investigations
   Follow each investigation’s procedure carefully and answer any questions
   Then answer the question at the end the handout which compares the 2 activities



  Investigation 1 – The Fizz Reaction Activity…
  -    Do you know happens when you eat Fizz Candy? It reacts
       violently in your mouth and eventually disappears!
        What is going on?

  -    Learn about this reaction by mixing baking soda and vinegar
       together? They too violently react to create “fizz!” The baking
       soda is like the candy and the vinegar is like your mouth’s saliva.

  Now consider, how long does it take baking soda to react with vinegar until the baking soda gets all
  used up (completely disappears)?
  Materials
  1.   1 fairly big beaker or container
  2.   Baking Soda
  3.   Vinegar
  4.   Stopwatch

  Procedure
  1. Write your prediction to the second question above for investigation 1 by completing the sentence
     below.

       I think the baking soda will react with the vinegar completely in _______________ seconds /
       minutes/ hours. (circle one)

  2. Fill the beaker with a small amount of vinegar. (Be careful not to waste it all for future use)
  3. Add a very small amount of baking soda to the vinegar.
  4. Using the stopwatch, time how long it takes for the baking soda to completely disappear in the
     water.
  5. Was your prediction correct? Explain well what happen below.

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
  6. What do you think affects how fast baking soda or fizz candy reacts. Write some ideas below.

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Investigation 2 – The Human Reaction Activity …
   -   Are you good shooting basketballs or saving goals in soccer? You might have
       a good hand reaction speed. Just how good is the human’s hand reaction? ..

   -   Learn about the human’s reaction by completing a special investigation
       involving dropping a ruler between someone’s fingers as instructed below.
   -   Consider now which member of your group can catch a ruler the fastest?

Materials

   1. A ruler

Procedure

   1. Write your prediction to the second question above for investigation 1 by completing the sentence
      below.

       I think ________________ (member’s name) can catch the ruler the fastest at _______________
       mm / cm. (circle one)
   2. The "0" end of a ruler is held by the dropping person just above the imaginary plane from the top
      of the catching person's thumb to the top of his/her forefinger, as indicated in the picture.
   3. The catching person should hold his/her thumb and forefinger at a particular distance (e.g., the
      width of the ruler). The person holding the ruler should pretend to drop the ruler a few times to
      ensure the subject (person attempting to catch the ruler) does not react too quickly and unfairly.
   4. Then, the person holding the ruler should drop it without indicating it is going to be dropped.
   5. Assuming the subject catches the ruler, the point at which it is caught (e.g., at the top of the
      person's finger and thumb) should be recorded by a third person.
   6. Was your prediction correct? Explain well what happen below.

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
   7. What do you think affects who can catch the ruler the fastest. Write some ideas below.

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
End Question-
    Compare the two investigations you did above. What is similar about them? What is different? Did
     you know that one of them is a traditional scientific inquiry and the other one is a correlational
     study? Can you tell which one is which and how you know?

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________
A correlational study is another big kind of ____________________ in science and also other areas like
math and health. It is also another important way for scientists and others to get explore questions or
even problems and issues and get belivable answers with sound evidence to support them.


What exactly is a correlational study then? A correlational study is actually very similar to an inquiry.
If fact, you will see in time that many of the stages of inquiry are also done in a correlational study such
as gathering background information, making a prediction and hypothesis, analyzing, applying and more.
However, there is one very critical difference between the two:


In an inquiry, scientists commonly create careful predictions and experiments that are _____________
(artifical representations). In doing so, they also often force changes to occur in variables that would not
naturally. For example, scientists may want to know how sunlight can hurt people’s skin. So they may
gather skin cells and then stick them in the sun or even create other similar light using a lamp instead so
that they can do everything inside where are other factors like the air temperature or rain cannot affect
their experimenting. And they purposely look often at one variable that they choose like radiation or
temperature, change it and then see what happens in their experiments to make a conclusion on how
the sun can possibly hurt your skin.


On the other hand, in a correlational study, scientists simply observe variables and other actions –
___________________-. For example, (again) to find out if sunlight can hurt people’s skin, scientists
may interview people who were just in the sun and take measurements directly on the people or even
just ask the people if their skin got damaged and in what way. Then, they will take time to review all of
the data they collect and then try to find some connection between factors (variables) that can help them
to conclude or at least explain how the sun can possibly hurt your skin. This connection that scientists
try to find by studying things naturally is called a ______________________. Hence, the process is a
________________________________.


Also, correlational studies do not have to be about humans. They could also be about observing animals
naturally or other things in nature like volanic eruptions or the movement of the stars in space. It is even
possible to a correlational study on the weather as well.



Types of Correlational Studies:

Although every correlational study can vary, we can group them into 3 basic types in general.


1. ___________________________________

Naturalistic observation involves directly observing and recording the variables (things) of interest in the
natural environment without interference or manipulation by the experimenter. For example, chasing and
watch tornadoes throughout America for a period of 5 years and taking notes (ie. getting data) about
them would be one example.
2. _____________________________

Scientists or others asks questions to other people to gain data in other information. Often in this method,
a random sample of participants have to complete a survey, test, or questionnaire that relates to the
variables (things) of interest. For example, scientists might survey a huge group of smokers to find out
what kind of health problems they have and then use that data to make some conclusion involving a
correlation between their smoking and something else.


3. ______________________________

Archival research normally is done without having to do any experiment or survey. Instead, the scientist
or other person simply collects and reads records of experiments or surveys that were conducted by
other researchers or even historians. For example, scientists (again) want to find out what kind of health
problems smokers have. They can look at medical (doctor) records for hundreds of smokers for the past
20 years. Then, by analyzing the data in the records, they may be able to make some conclusion
involving a correlation between smoking and some other factor.


Correlational Study Process: Basic Steps-


1. _____________________________________________ –

Critical studies often begin with some critical or stressful event the demands a solution. Or sometimes,
scientists or others are just very curious about something and have to find out. Ex. They consider some
dangerous environmental problem.

2. _____________________________________________-

Scientists attempt to figure out what variables may be connected to their problem, topic or issue. This
then helps them to know what data to collect and where.

3. _____________________________________________-

Just like inquiry, scientists next usually try to guess what the connection might be and what they should
find out from doing their study. They also try to explain why they think or believe so.

4. __________________________________________-

Using an appropriate method (ex. an experiment, a survey, reading records), scientists gather a lot of
data to help them test if their prediction and hypothesis is correct.

5. _____________________________________- Once data is collected, scientists often need to
organize the data properly to understand it and then use it to help them test if their prediction and
hypothesis is correct.

6. _______________________________- Once data is organize well, scientists can then compare it to
what they predicted and see if there were really right or not with their prediction. Hopefully, they can
make a conclusion
7. ______________________________ Scientists try to make further connections between their results
and conclusions and other things, people or events in the world.

8. ______________________________- Scientists share their work with others.
Correlational Study Type 1: ____________________________________


       As was taught to you recently, a correlational study, where you
naturally observe data in order to test and/or prove a hypothesis and
prediction, you are really performing a correlational study.


       Further, as you learned before, there are ______________main
types of correlational studies: naturalistic observation, the survey
and the _______________________ correlational study. Today you will
learn more about the last one:


What is an Archival Correlational Study?
        Archival studies are normally done without having to do any experiment or survey (at least not at
first) as habit. Instead, the scientist or other person simply collects and reads records of experiments or
surveys that were conducted by other researchers or even historians.


What are the ___________________ of Archival Research?

    The experimenter cannot introduce changes in participant behavior so the results tend to be
     more accurate. (The is less chance of rigging, lying or using other inappropriate methods)
    Using you can look at enormous amounts of data. This bigger amount often provides a better
     view of trends, relationships, and outcomes. (ie. of correlations)
    This kind of study is often less expensive than other study methods. Researchers can often
     access data through free archives or records databases.

What are the _______________________ of Archival Research?

    The researchers have not control over how data was collected. Sometimes, it might be harder to
     isolate the variable or factor involved if we cannot control things at all.
    Important data may be missing from the records. Sometimes numbers may missing for certain
     dates because no one recorded things accurately.
    The previous research may be unreliable. We cannot know for sure if the people who created the
     records did so properly and fairly.


____________________an Archival Correlational Study
       In one example, scientists may want to find out what kind of ___________________________
_________________ have. They can look at medical (doctor) records for hundreds of smokers for the
past 20 years. Then, by analyzing the data in the records, they may be able to make some conclusion
involving a correlation between smoking and some other factor. For instance, they might discover that
lung cancer is related to the number of cigarettes that you smoke a day. If you smoke too many, you
have an increased chance of getting cancer in your lungs and even dying.
       To give another example, a science teacher or staff technician could review school data for the
last 30 years to find out if there is some connection between the student’s number of ____________
__________________ and the student’s report card ________________. They will most likely find out
that students who are absent more tend to have lower grades in school.

More Related Content

Similar to CS on Earth process handouts and notes

Inquiry on Weather process handouts and notes
Inquiry on Weather process handouts and notesInquiry on Weather process handouts and notes
Inquiry on Weather process handouts and notesGhaundar
 
Metric System Benefits
Metric System BenefitsMetric System Benefits
Metric System BenefitsSarah Turner
 
Qtr 2 module 3 other living things besides plants and animals
Qtr 2 module 3 other living things besides plants and animalsQtr 2 module 3 other living things besides plants and animals
Qtr 2 module 3 other living things besides plants and animalsMakati Science High School
 
Biology chapter one scientific method new
Biology chapter one scientific method newBiology chapter one scientific method new
Biology chapter one scientific method newM, Michelle Jeannite
 
Reflection Paper On Action Experience And Joint Engagement...
Reflection Paper On Action Experience And Joint Engagement...Reflection Paper On Action Experience And Joint Engagement...
Reflection Paper On Action Experience And Joint Engagement...Tara Daly
 
Science activity quiz 1 (3)
Science activity quiz 1 (3)Science activity quiz 1 (3)
Science activity quiz 1 (3)FRANCELIA CHAPA
 
Hypothesis Madlibs
Hypothesis MadlibsHypothesis Madlibs
Hypothesis MadlibsMrs. Henley
 
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1-M1-2.pptx
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1-M1-2.pptxPRACTICAL RESEARCH 1-M1-2.pptx
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1-M1-2.pptxEdithaBallesteros3
 
The basics and the Introduction to DIASS- Discipline and Idea in Applied soci...
The basics and the Introduction to DIASS- Discipline and Idea in Applied soci...The basics and the Introduction to DIASS- Discipline and Idea in Applied soci...
The basics and the Introduction to DIASS- Discipline and Idea in Applied soci...guioguiorenz
 

Similar to CS on Earth process handouts and notes (20)

Inquiry on Weather process handouts and notes
Inquiry on Weather process handouts and notesInquiry on Weather process handouts and notes
Inquiry on Weather process handouts and notes
 
Metric System Benefits
Metric System BenefitsMetric System Benefits
Metric System Benefits
 
Scientific Method
Scientific MethodScientific Method
Scientific Method
 
Qtr 2 module 3 other living things besides plants and animals
Qtr 2 module 3 other living things besides plants and animalsQtr 2 module 3 other living things besides plants and animals
Qtr 2 module 3 other living things besides plants and animals
 
Ch2ecology
Ch2ecologyCh2ecology
Ch2ecology
 
Biology chapter one scientific method new
Biology chapter one scientific method newBiology chapter one scientific method new
Biology chapter one scientific method new
 
Reflection Paper On Action Experience And Joint Engagement...
Reflection Paper On Action Experience And Joint Engagement...Reflection Paper On Action Experience And Joint Engagement...
Reflection Paper On Action Experience And Joint Engagement...
 
Science activity quiz 1 (3)
Science activity quiz 1 (3)Science activity quiz 1 (3)
Science activity quiz 1 (3)
 
Research Methods in psychology
Research Methods in psychologyResearch Methods in psychology
Research Methods in psychology
 
G12-SLM10-EAPP-final.pdf
G12-SLM10-EAPP-final.pdfG12-SLM10-EAPP-final.pdf
G12-SLM10-EAPP-final.pdf
 
Hypothesis Madlibs
Hypothesis MadlibsHypothesis Madlibs
Hypothesis Madlibs
 
A2 soc science review
A2 soc science reviewA2 soc science review
A2 soc science review
 
English II
English IIEnglish II
English II
 
Future of coaching Kim Stephenson
Future of coaching Kim StephensonFuture of coaching Kim Stephenson
Future of coaching Kim Stephenson
 
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1.pptx
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1.pptxPRACTICAL RESEARCH 1.pptx
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1.pptx
 
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1.pptx
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1.pptxPRACTICAL RESEARCH 1.pptx
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1.pptx
 
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1-M1-2.pptx
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1-M1-2.pptxPRACTICAL RESEARCH 1-M1-2.pptx
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1-M1-2.pptx
 
Teacher's Copy.docx
Teacher's Copy.docxTeacher's Copy.docx
Teacher's Copy.docx
 
The basics and the Introduction to DIASS- Discipline and Idea in Applied soci...
The basics and the Introduction to DIASS- Discipline and Idea in Applied soci...The basics and the Introduction to DIASS- Discipline and Idea in Applied soci...
The basics and the Introduction to DIASS- Discipline and Idea in Applied soci...
 
Science fair[1]
Science fair[1]Science fair[1]
Science fair[1]
 

More from Ghaundar

Kb on Matter and Chemistry journals entries
Kb on Matter and Chemistry  journals entriesKb on Matter and Chemistry  journals entries
Kb on Matter and Chemistry journals entriesGhaundar
 
Kb on Matter and Chemistry knowledge handouts and notes
Kb on Matter and Chemistry  knowledge handouts and notesKb on Matter and Chemistry  knowledge handouts and notes
Kb on Matter and Chemistry knowledge handouts and notesGhaundar
 
Inquiry on animals process handouts and notes
Inquiry on animals process handouts and notesInquiry on animals process handouts and notes
Inquiry on animals process handouts and notesGhaundar
 
CS on earth journal entries
CS on earth journal entriesCS on earth journal entries
CS on earth journal entriesGhaundar
 
CS on Earth knowledge handouts and notes
CS on Earth knowledge handouts and notesCS on Earth knowledge handouts and notes
CS on Earth knowledge handouts and notesGhaundar
 
G8 Term 2 other handouts and notes
G8 Term 2 other handouts and notesG8 Term 2 other handouts and notes
G8 Term 2 other handouts and notesGhaundar
 
The nature of Science journal entries
The nature of Science journal entriesThe nature of Science journal entries
The nature of Science journal entriesGhaundar
 
G7 Term 2 other handouts and notes
G7 Term 2 other handouts and notesG7 Term 2 other handouts and notes
G7 Term 2 other handouts and notesGhaundar
 
G7 Term 2 other handouts and notes
G7 Term 2 other handouts and notesG7 Term 2 other handouts and notes
G7 Term 2 other handouts and notesGhaundar
 
Term 2 other handouts and notes
Term 2 other handouts and notesTerm 2 other handouts and notes
Term 2 other handouts and notesGhaundar
 
Inquiry on Weather knowledge handouts and notes
Inquiry on Weather knowledge handouts and notesInquiry on Weather knowledge handouts and notes
Inquiry on Weather knowledge handouts and notesGhaundar
 
The Cell process handouts and notes
The Cell process handouts and notesThe Cell process handouts and notes
The Cell process handouts and notesGhaundar
 
The Cell knowledge handouts and notes
The Cell knowledge handouts and notesThe Cell knowledge handouts and notes
The Cell knowledge handouts and notesGhaundar
 
Solving the resource problem knowledge handouts and notes
Solving the resource problem knowledge handouts and notesSolving the resource problem knowledge handouts and notes
Solving the resource problem knowledge handouts and notesGhaundar
 
Designing a school garden knowledge handouts and notes
Designing a school garden knowledge handouts and notesDesigning a school garden knowledge handouts and notes
Designing a school garden knowledge handouts and notesGhaundar
 
Solving the resource problem journal entries
Solving the resource problem journal entriesSolving the resource problem journal entries
Solving the resource problem journal entriesGhaundar
 
Inquiry on waves knowledge handouts and notes
Inquiry on waves knowledge handouts and notesInquiry on waves knowledge handouts and notes
Inquiry on waves knowledge handouts and notesGhaundar
 
Inquiry on waves journal entries
Inquiry on waves journal entriesInquiry on waves journal entries
Inquiry on waves journal entriesGhaundar
 
Designing a school garden process handouts and notes
Designing a school garden process handouts and notesDesigning a school garden process handouts and notes
Designing a school garden process handouts and notesGhaundar
 
Solving the resource problem process handouts and notes
Solving the resource problem process handouts and notesSolving the resource problem process handouts and notes
Solving the resource problem process handouts and notesGhaundar
 

More from Ghaundar (20)

Kb on Matter and Chemistry journals entries
Kb on Matter and Chemistry  journals entriesKb on Matter and Chemistry  journals entries
Kb on Matter and Chemistry journals entries
 
Kb on Matter and Chemistry knowledge handouts and notes
Kb on Matter and Chemistry  knowledge handouts and notesKb on Matter and Chemistry  knowledge handouts and notes
Kb on Matter and Chemistry knowledge handouts and notes
 
Inquiry on animals process handouts and notes
Inquiry on animals process handouts and notesInquiry on animals process handouts and notes
Inquiry on animals process handouts and notes
 
CS on earth journal entries
CS on earth journal entriesCS on earth journal entries
CS on earth journal entries
 
CS on Earth knowledge handouts and notes
CS on Earth knowledge handouts and notesCS on Earth knowledge handouts and notes
CS on Earth knowledge handouts and notes
 
G8 Term 2 other handouts and notes
G8 Term 2 other handouts and notesG8 Term 2 other handouts and notes
G8 Term 2 other handouts and notes
 
The nature of Science journal entries
The nature of Science journal entriesThe nature of Science journal entries
The nature of Science journal entries
 
G7 Term 2 other handouts and notes
G7 Term 2 other handouts and notesG7 Term 2 other handouts and notes
G7 Term 2 other handouts and notes
 
G7 Term 2 other handouts and notes
G7 Term 2 other handouts and notesG7 Term 2 other handouts and notes
G7 Term 2 other handouts and notes
 
Term 2 other handouts and notes
Term 2 other handouts and notesTerm 2 other handouts and notes
Term 2 other handouts and notes
 
Inquiry on Weather knowledge handouts and notes
Inquiry on Weather knowledge handouts and notesInquiry on Weather knowledge handouts and notes
Inquiry on Weather knowledge handouts and notes
 
The Cell process handouts and notes
The Cell process handouts and notesThe Cell process handouts and notes
The Cell process handouts and notes
 
The Cell knowledge handouts and notes
The Cell knowledge handouts and notesThe Cell knowledge handouts and notes
The Cell knowledge handouts and notes
 
Solving the resource problem knowledge handouts and notes
Solving the resource problem knowledge handouts and notesSolving the resource problem knowledge handouts and notes
Solving the resource problem knowledge handouts and notes
 
Designing a school garden knowledge handouts and notes
Designing a school garden knowledge handouts and notesDesigning a school garden knowledge handouts and notes
Designing a school garden knowledge handouts and notes
 
Solving the resource problem journal entries
Solving the resource problem journal entriesSolving the resource problem journal entries
Solving the resource problem journal entries
 
Inquiry on waves knowledge handouts and notes
Inquiry on waves knowledge handouts and notesInquiry on waves knowledge handouts and notes
Inquiry on waves knowledge handouts and notes
 
Inquiry on waves journal entries
Inquiry on waves journal entriesInquiry on waves journal entries
Inquiry on waves journal entries
 
Designing a school garden process handouts and notes
Designing a school garden process handouts and notesDesigning a school garden process handouts and notes
Designing a school garden process handouts and notes
 
Solving the resource problem process handouts and notes
Solving the resource problem process handouts and notesSolving the resource problem process handouts and notes
Solving the resource problem process handouts and notes
 

Recently uploaded

AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just MinutesAI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just MinutesMd Hossain Ali
 
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationUsing IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationIES VE
 
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )Brian Pichman
 
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopNIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopBachir Benyammi
 
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfVideogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfinfogdgmi
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7DianaGray10
 
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfUiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfDianaGray10
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1DianaGray10
 
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...Aggregage
 
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsComputer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsSeth Reyes
 
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesDavid Newbury
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureEric D. Schabell
 
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
20230202 - Introduction to tis-pyJamie (Taka) Wang
 
Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™
Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™
Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™Adtran
 
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioComparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioChristian Posta
 
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptxBuilding AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptxUdaiappa Ramachandran
 
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...DianaGray10
 
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintEmpowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintMahmoud Rabie
 
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...Will Schroeder
 

Recently uploaded (20)

AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just MinutesAI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
 
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationUsing IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
 
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
 
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopNIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
 
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfVideogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
 
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfUiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
 
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
 
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsComputer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
 
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
 
20230104 - machine vision
20230104 - machine vision20230104 - machine vision
20230104 - machine vision
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
 
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
 
Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™
Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™
Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™
 
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioComparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
 
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptxBuilding AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
 
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
 
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintEmpowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
 
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
 

CS on Earth process handouts and notes

  • 3. Introduction To Correlational Studies- Comparing the Correlational Study to Traditional Scientific Inquiry  In today’s class, you will begin to learn what a correlational study and also what it is not by completing 2 group investigations  Follow each investigation’s procedure carefully and answer any questions  Then answer the question at the end the handout which compares the 2 activities Investigation 1 – The Fizz Reaction Activity… - Do you know happens when you eat Fizz Candy? It reacts violently in your mouth and eventually disappears! What is going on? - Learn about this reaction by mixing baking soda and vinegar together? They too violently react to create “fizz!” The baking soda is like the candy and the vinegar is like your mouth’s saliva. Now consider, how long does it take baking soda to react with vinegar until the baking soda gets all used up (completely disappears)? Materials 1. 1 fairly big beaker or container 2. Baking Soda 3. Vinegar 4. Stopwatch Procedure 1. Write your prediction to the second question above for investigation 1 by completing the sentence below. I think the baking soda will react with the vinegar completely in _______________ seconds / minutes/ hours. (circle one) 2. Fill the beaker with a small amount of vinegar. (Be careful not to waste it all for future use) 3. Add a very small amount of baking soda to the vinegar. 4. Using the stopwatch, time how long it takes for the baking soda to completely disappear in the water. 5. Was your prediction correct? Explain well what happen below. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What do you think affects how fast baking soda or fizz candy reacts. Write some ideas below. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________
  • 4. Investigation 2 – The Human Reaction Activity … - Are you good shooting basketballs or saving goals in soccer? You might have a good hand reaction speed. Just how good is the human’s hand reaction? .. - Learn about the human’s reaction by completing a special investigation involving dropping a ruler between someone’s fingers as instructed below. - Consider now which member of your group can catch a ruler the fastest? Materials 1. A ruler Procedure 1. Write your prediction to the second question above for investigation 1 by completing the sentence below. I think ________________ (member’s name) can catch the ruler the fastest at _______________ mm / cm. (circle one) 2. The "0" end of a ruler is held by the dropping person just above the imaginary plane from the top of the catching person's thumb to the top of his/her forefinger, as indicated in the picture. 3. The catching person should hold his/her thumb and forefinger at a particular distance (e.g., the width of the ruler). The person holding the ruler should pretend to drop the ruler a few times to ensure the subject (person attempting to catch the ruler) does not react too quickly and unfairly. 4. Then, the person holding the ruler should drop it without indicating it is going to be dropped. 5. Assuming the subject catches the ruler, the point at which it is caught (e.g., at the top of the person's finger and thumb) should be recorded by a third person. 6. Was your prediction correct? Explain well what happen below. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 7. What do you think affects who can catch the ruler the fastest. Write some ideas below. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ End Question-  Compare the two investigations you did above. What is similar about them? What is different? Did you know that one of them is a traditional scientific inquiry and the other one is a correlational study? Can you tell which one is which and how you know? ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________
  • 5. _____________________________________________ A correlational study is another big kind of ____________________ in science and also other areas like math and health. It is also another important way for scientists and others to get explore questions or even problems and issues and get belivable answers with sound evidence to support them. What exactly is a correlational study then? A correlational study is actually very similar to an inquiry. If fact, you will see in time that many of the stages of inquiry are also done in a correlational study such as gathering background information, making a prediction and hypothesis, analyzing, applying and more. However, there is one very critical difference between the two: In an inquiry, scientists commonly create careful predictions and experiments that are _____________ (artifical representations). In doing so, they also often force changes to occur in variables that would not naturally. For example, scientists may want to know how sunlight can hurt people’s skin. So they may gather skin cells and then stick them in the sun or even create other similar light using a lamp instead so that they can do everything inside where are other factors like the air temperature or rain cannot affect their experimenting. And they purposely look often at one variable that they choose like radiation or temperature, change it and then see what happens in their experiments to make a conclusion on how the sun can possibly hurt your skin. On the other hand, in a correlational study, scientists simply observe variables and other actions – ___________________-. For example, (again) to find out if sunlight can hurt people’s skin, scientists may interview people who were just in the sun and take measurements directly on the people or even just ask the people if their skin got damaged and in what way. Then, they will take time to review all of the data they collect and then try to find some connection between factors (variables) that can help them to conclude or at least explain how the sun can possibly hurt your skin. This connection that scientists try to find by studying things naturally is called a ______________________. Hence, the process is a ________________________________. Also, correlational studies do not have to be about humans. They could also be about observing animals naturally or other things in nature like volanic eruptions or the movement of the stars in space. It is even possible to a correlational study on the weather as well. Types of Correlational Studies: Although every correlational study can vary, we can group them into 3 basic types in general. 1. ___________________________________ Naturalistic observation involves directly observing and recording the variables (things) of interest in the natural environment without interference or manipulation by the experimenter. For example, chasing and watch tornadoes throughout America for a period of 5 years and taking notes (ie. getting data) about them would be one example.
  • 6. 2. _____________________________ Scientists or others asks questions to other people to gain data in other information. Often in this method, a random sample of participants have to complete a survey, test, or questionnaire that relates to the variables (things) of interest. For example, scientists might survey a huge group of smokers to find out what kind of health problems they have and then use that data to make some conclusion involving a correlation between their smoking and something else. 3. ______________________________ Archival research normally is done without having to do any experiment or survey. Instead, the scientist or other person simply collects and reads records of experiments or surveys that were conducted by other researchers or even historians. For example, scientists (again) want to find out what kind of health problems smokers have. They can look at medical (doctor) records for hundreds of smokers for the past 20 years. Then, by analyzing the data in the records, they may be able to make some conclusion involving a correlation between smoking and some other factor. Correlational Study Process: Basic Steps- 1. _____________________________________________ – Critical studies often begin with some critical or stressful event the demands a solution. Or sometimes, scientists or others are just very curious about something and have to find out. Ex. They consider some dangerous environmental problem. 2. _____________________________________________- Scientists attempt to figure out what variables may be connected to their problem, topic or issue. This then helps them to know what data to collect and where. 3. _____________________________________________- Just like inquiry, scientists next usually try to guess what the connection might be and what they should find out from doing their study. They also try to explain why they think or believe so. 4. __________________________________________- Using an appropriate method (ex. an experiment, a survey, reading records), scientists gather a lot of data to help them test if their prediction and hypothesis is correct. 5. _____________________________________- Once data is collected, scientists often need to organize the data properly to understand it and then use it to help them test if their prediction and hypothesis is correct. 6. _______________________________- Once data is organize well, scientists can then compare it to what they predicted and see if there were really right or not with their prediction. Hopefully, they can make a conclusion
  • 7. 7. ______________________________ Scientists try to make further connections between their results and conclusions and other things, people or events in the world. 8. ______________________________- Scientists share their work with others.
  • 8. Correlational Study Type 1: ____________________________________ As was taught to you recently, a correlational study, where you naturally observe data in order to test and/or prove a hypothesis and prediction, you are really performing a correlational study. Further, as you learned before, there are ______________main types of correlational studies: naturalistic observation, the survey and the _______________________ correlational study. Today you will learn more about the last one: What is an Archival Correlational Study? Archival studies are normally done without having to do any experiment or survey (at least not at first) as habit. Instead, the scientist or other person simply collects and reads records of experiments or surveys that were conducted by other researchers or even historians. What are the ___________________ of Archival Research?  The experimenter cannot introduce changes in participant behavior so the results tend to be more accurate. (The is less chance of rigging, lying or using other inappropriate methods)  Using you can look at enormous amounts of data. This bigger amount often provides a better view of trends, relationships, and outcomes. (ie. of correlations)  This kind of study is often less expensive than other study methods. Researchers can often access data through free archives or records databases. What are the _______________________ of Archival Research?  The researchers have not control over how data was collected. Sometimes, it might be harder to isolate the variable or factor involved if we cannot control things at all.  Important data may be missing from the records. Sometimes numbers may missing for certain dates because no one recorded things accurately.  The previous research may be unreliable. We cannot know for sure if the people who created the records did so properly and fairly. ____________________an Archival Correlational Study In one example, scientists may want to find out what kind of ___________________________ _________________ have. They can look at medical (doctor) records for hundreds of smokers for the past 20 years. Then, by analyzing the data in the records, they may be able to make some conclusion involving a correlation between smoking and some other factor. For instance, they might discover that lung cancer is related to the number of cigarettes that you smoke a day. If you smoke too many, you have an increased chance of getting cancer in your lungs and even dying. To give another example, a science teacher or staff technician could review school data for the last 30 years to find out if there is some connection between the student’s number of ____________ __________________ and the student’s report card ________________. They will most likely find out that students who are absent more tend to have lower grades in school.