A Tale of Two Cities: London’s Health Inequalities

A tale of two cities:London’s Health Inequalities BMA & London Deanery seminar series „Metropolitan Medicine 2012‟ 2 July 2012 Dr. Benjamin D. Hennig University of Sheffield

“London is a special city, London is incredibly diverse and London has its own unique health problems.” (BMA seminar programme)2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

A tale of two cities: London’s Health InequalitiesChanging perspectivesI. Britain‟s place in the worldII. Health and placeIII. Outlook: The fragmentation of society2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Britain’s place in the world Part I2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Global Inequalities in Health2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

The Human Shape of the UK2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

The Constituencies that never were Data source: European Constituencies obtained from the House of Commons Research Paper 98/1022 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Health and place Part II2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

All-cause mortality ratiosNotes for all followingmortality-ratio maps:Age-sex standardizedmortality rate showingdeviation from Englandand Wales nationalaverage of 1.0Data source: Mortality records andpopulation estimates calculated for “ThePopulation of the UK”, forthcoming bookpublished by Policy Press2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Heart attack2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Cerebrovascular disease2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

HIV disease infections2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Tuberculosis2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Lung cancer2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Cervical cancer2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Skin cancer2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Mortality by hanging2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Proportion of the population dying by the age of 60Data source: Data source: A component ofthe UNDP Human Poverty Index, seeAppendix in Seymour , J. (for UNED-UK)(2001) Poverty in Plenty: A HumanDevelopment Report for the UK. NorthernIreland data from Denny et al (1999) Literacyand Education in Ireland, The Economic andSocial Review, 30 (3): 215-226.2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Rates of death and people living on below half average incomes Data source: Seymour, J. (for UNED-UK) (2001) Poverty in Plenty: A Human Development Report for the UK London: Earthscan Publications Ltd. (data included in the appendix) Each point is a 1999 European parliamentary constituency in Britain2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Outlook The Fragmentation of Society Part III2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Conclusion• It is helpful to look at the population of the UK with a map based on that that population• Chances of life – and death – can be shown on such a map• Such chances alter over time, across space and are often influenced by social class• Everybody dies, but some die too early, and there are a wide variety of rare causes of death• There are distinct geographical patterns to be seen in premature mortality by cause of death• It is far easier to live a long and healthy life if you are free, especially free of others‟ orders

Conclusion• London is unique in its degree of health inequalities at largest scale in the United Kingdom• London‟s position has to be seen within its place in the United Kingdom• Its fragmented patterns reflect the degree of unequal chances in life in the country that reach from birth to the when and how people are dying• Tackling health inequalities is as much about tackling access to healthcare as it is about increasing life chances in other areas of life to enable people to make their own choices

A Fragmented City2 July 2012 – A tale of two cities: London‟s Health Inequalities – Benjamin D. Hennig, University of Sheffield – www.viewsoftheworld.net

Thanks for your attention! b.hennig@sheffield.ac.uk | http://www.viewsoftheworld.net/ This research is funded by the Trust for London

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A Tale of Two Cities: London’s Health Inequalities

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