Go For The Burn

Slide 1: Go for the Burn Designing Body-Movement Controlled Video Games to Maximize Energy Expenditure Dr Alasdair G Thin, eGames Physiologist Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland a.g.thin@thin.me.uk www.GamerSizeScience.org

Slide 2: Takes my Breath Away! Exercise Altitude? Physiology Mountain Health Air? Promotion Skiing? Coaching Apres-Ski? Rehabilitation

Slide 3: Features of a “Good” ExerGame? Degree of Authority Positive Feedback Develops Skills Praises the player Exercise more Accessible Progress Chart General exercise Tips Reflects the player Helpful Suggestions Rewards Progress Monitors Usage Tailors Exercise Negative Feedback Visually Attractive Positive experience

Slide 4: Go for the BURN... tandemtwins

Slide 5: Questions spring to mind... Overall Game difficulty Limit to arm waving? Game level Fitness level Skill of player Player performance Postural balance Can you estimate energy expenditure? Hand-Eye coordination

Slide 6: Laboratory Measurements

Slide 7: Typical Energy Expenditures Rest Walking 2.0 mph Walking 3.4 mph Aerobics (low intensity) Running 12 min/mile Running 10 min/mile Running 8 min/mile 0 3 6 9 12 15 Metabolic Equivalents (METs)

Slide 8: Arm Chopping

Slide 9: Arm Chopping- Meas. Energy Expenditure 21.0 6 17.5 5 14.0 4 VO2 (ml/kg/min) METs 10.5 3 7.0 2 3.5 1 0.0 0 Baseline Easy Medium Hard Game Level Control Subjects Martial Artists

Slide 10: Arm Chopping-Effect of Player Skill on Game Score 100000 * * 80000 Average Score 60000 40000 Control 20000 Subjects Martial Artists 0 Easy Medium Hard Game Level * = p<0.05

Slide 11: Rhythmic Arm Waving

Slide 12: Rhythmic Arm Waving- Meas. Energy Expenditure 21.0 6 17.5 5 14.0 4 VO2 (ml/kg/min) METs 10.5 3 7.0 2 3.5 1 0.0 0 Baseline Easy Medium Hard Game Level

Slide 13: Rhythmic Arm Waving- Est. Energy Expenditure 6 4 Diff. [Estimated-Measured] (kcal) 2 * 0 -2 -4 -6 4 6 8 10 12 Mean [Estimated, Measured] (kcal) * = p<0.05

Slide 14: Rapid Arm Movement - Boxing

Slide 15: Rapid Arm Movement- Meas. Energy Expenditure 35 10 * * 28 * * 8 * VO2 (ml/kg/min) 21 6 METs 14 4 7 2 0 0 Baseline 1-3 4-6 7-9 10-12 13-15 Time (minutes) Control EyeToy * = p<0.05

Slide 16: Rapid Arm Movement- Limit to Energy Expenditure? 42 Game VO2 mins 7-12 (ml/kg/min) 35 28 21 14 7 7 14 21 28 35 42 VO2max (Arms) (ml/kg/min)

Slide 17: Whole Body Movement

Slide 18: Whole Body Movement- Meas. Energy Expenditure 42 12 35 10 28 8 * VO2 (ml/kg/min) * * METs 21 6 14 4 7 2 0 0 Easy Medium Hard VO2max Game Level * = p<0.05

Slide 19: Meas. Energy Expenditure vs Game Score 42 12 35 10 28 8 VO2 (ml/kg/min) METs 21 6 14 4 7 2 0 0 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 Game Score

Slide 20: Meas. Energy Expenditure vs Hand-Eye Coordination 42 12 35 10 28 8 VO2 (ml/kg/min) METs 21 6 14 4 7 2 0 0 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 Hand Eye Coordination Task Time (s)

Slide 21: Meas. Energy Expenditure vs Postural Stability 42 12 35 10 28 8 VO2 (ml/kg/min) METs 21 6 14 4 7 2 0 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Postural Stability SD (degrees)

Slide 22: Rapid Fire Body Movement

Slide 23: Rapid Fire Body Movement- Meas. Energy Expenditure 56 16 49 14 42 12 VO2 (ml/kg/min) 35 10 METs 28 8 21 6 14 4 7 2 0 0 Combat 1 Combat 2 VO2max Game Level

Slide 24: Meas. Energy Expenditure vs Game Score 56 16 49 14 42 12 VO2 (ml/kg/min) 35 10 METs 28 8 21 6 14 4 7 2 0 0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 Game Score

Slide 25: Recap • Player Skill • Arm Waving Limits • Hand-Eye Coordination • Postural Stability • Game Score • Game Level • Degree of Body Movement

Slide 26: Comparative Analysis 49 14 42 12 35 10 VO2 (ml/kg/min) 28 8 METs 21 6 14 4 7 2 0 0 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 Heart Rate (bpm)

Slide 27: Late Breaking Results...

Slide 28: Remember this? morgen

Slide 29: Fit Like? Heart Rate 150 125 Heart Rate (bpm) 100 75 50 op at er 1 % ics ve in g o M w in d h+ b oo c laH ce er o Gr Ra H u a n id e mp A oy F1 Fit ni aD cS 3 .4 S te p ye T ub e Wi i a in e ti m ill it E C pM yK ad iF e S te To Tre Wi G am e Ey

Slide 30: Fit Like? RPE 14 Rating of Perceived Exertion 12 10 8 6 t er ve o p a d 1 % ics oo in g la Ho eM w in h+ er o b Gr Ra c u a nc id e mp A oy F1 it H aD cS 3 .4 p T e i F ni e ti ill S te ye ub Wi a in m iF it E C pM yK ad Wi am e S te e To Tre G Ey

Slide 31: Fit Like? Skill Difficulty Very Difficult Rating of Skill Difficulty Very Easy p a t er % s ve g o 1 ic in Ho eM w in d h+ r ob r oo ac H ula a nc id e m p A e o yG 1 R Fit aD cS 3 .4 te p eT eF i ni ti ll S Ey ub Wi a K in e dm i ii F it C pM oy a me S te T Tre W Ga E ye

Slide 32: Fit Like? Enjoyment Very Enjoyable Rating of Fun Very Boring t er ve op a d 1 % ics oo in g laH o c eM w in h+ er o b Gr Ra c Hu Da n id e mp p A oy F1 Fit n ia cS 3 .4 S te ye T ub e Wi i a eti ill it E pM in ad m iF eC yK Wi m S te e To Tre Ga Ey

Slide 33: Maximizing Energy Expenditure - “Going for the Burn” • Maximize Muscle Mass • Rapid Movement • Spatial rather than Temporal Accuracy • Minimize Negative Scoring

Slide 34: Contact Dr Alasdair G Thin, eGames Physiologist Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland a.g.thin@thin.me.uk www.gamersizescience.org Available for Research, Consulting and Speaking Engagements