This document is a digital re-print of articles from the September/October 2011 issue of Grain & Feed Milling Technology magazine. It includes an article on direct cold plasma technology for odour control in the food and feed industry. The magazine is published six times a year and contains articles related to grain and feed milling technologies. Readers are provided with contact information for subscriptions and article reprints.

1. Digital Re-print - September | October 2011
Direct Cold Plasma: The innovative answer to odour control in the food and feed industry
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2. FEATURE FEATURE
In most cases in the feed
industry, the emission tem-
perature from dryers will be
less than this temperature limi-
tation.
Maintenance is minimal, if
the unit is used as a dust
collector as well as odour
abatement system, then the
unit would have a ‘wash-down’
maybe once per week and
an internal inspection once
a month would be recom-
mended. Operating costs are
and charge carriers. This is actually identi- very low and mostly associated with the handle 1600m³/h and tests were repeated
cal to what happens with pollution in the cost of electricity; 10-20kW for a standard to check validity. Independent Olfactometry
atmosphere. Reactions occur with the odour 20,000m³/h cold plasma unit. testing was used as a means of determining
bearing compounds in the gas to be treated. A costing exercise produced by one of odour reduction efficiency.
Ambient air may be injected just prior to the APP’s customers, is shown below. This is Test results indicate that odour removal
reaction chamber to optimise humidity and based on a 10-year period, including both efficiencies of up to 90 percent are achiev-
temperature as well as adding ions to the investment and operating cost for a volume able within the food and feed industry and
gas stream. of 20,000m³/h. The operating costs for the that the standard colds plasma module will
Direct Cold Plasma:
In essence the cold plasma process scrubber alone or scrubber biofilter do not handle around 20.000Am³/h.
encourages ‘oxidation’ of the odour bearing include cost of water. Higher efficiencies may be achieved by
compounds at low temperature by creating using a final polishing module. During testing,
discharge (cold plasma). Testing in the petfood and fish both high and low odour concentrations
A closed-loop cooling unit ensures that feed industries were experienced; nonetheless cold plasma
The innovative answer to odour control in the food and feed industry operating conditions within the high voltage
generator are maintained within controlled
Since 2003, extensive testing with a pilot
system both on extrusion flash-off, driers and
achieved real odour reductions even on
very low inlet concentrations, something
limits. A proprietary control system moni- coolers has been carried out. All possible that is not always the case on alternative
by Havard vetrhus, Director Sales & Marketing, Applied Plasma Physics AS, tors the high voltage passed to each of the variables have been reviewed to determine technologies.
Norway Tel: + 47 5160 2220, Email: havard.vetrhus@app.no corona wires in the reaction chamber, and the optimum operating conditions for the Overall the tests indicated that the cold
controls the voltage modulation that gener- cold plasma system. plasma unit operated most effectively with-
ates the cold plasma. out a scrubber either at the inlet or outlet.
I
ncreasingly, feed manufacturers are being • End of pipe solution with APP (Applied Plasma Physics AS). The system also detects arcs between the Variables tested: Dust removal was very effective (99% reduc-
required to address the issue of release • Low running cost APP is both an R&D and equipment sup- corona wire and the cell wall, automatically • Residence time (determines volume to tion).
of odour and harmful contaminants • Minimal maintenance ply company, specialising in the application shutting down electrical supply for a fraction be handled by a standard module) As a result of these tests, several petfood
into the surrounding community. • Ability to operate at normal feed of high voltage technology and non-thermal of a second before power is reinstated. • Effects of water scrubber at inlet or sites have now installed cold plasma technol-
manufacturing temperatures, to avoid plasma systems for industrial processes. APP The reaction chamber may be oper- outlet of cold plasma ogy for their processes. As per today, 50
Local communities, special interest groups cooling costs has now delivered more than 200 systems, ated with the gas flow passing upwards or • Cold plasma unit operating alone units are in operation in the petfood industry,
and government legislation all bring pressure • High odour removal efficiency most running on difficult applications. downwards depending on site layout. The • Adding water to humidify inlet or outlet a figure that will increase substantially in the
to bear on factories to minimise real or • No chemical additions and need to APP has experience on ultra high odour unit is capable of operating on emissions with gas years to come.
perceived risks of contamination. maintain chemistry applications – where odour levels can be relative humidity close to 100%, although • Air infiltration volume (ion enrichment) The experience of the environmen-
There are no universally applied standards • No liquid effluent waste over 200,000 odour units per m³ - and the the closer to 100% RH the unit operates, • Intensity of cold plasma generation tal needs of the feed industry, and APP’s
for odour or Volatile Organic Compounds • Instant on/off – no warm up time company achieved odour removal efficien- the higher the possibility of arcs and conse- • Geometry and arrangement of reaction approach to innovative design is combined
(VOC) emissions, and to provide solutions • Modular construction, ease of relocation cies of up to 97 percent. Another advantage quently risks of reduced efficiency. cells to offer a competitive alternative solution to
that fit specific factory needs can be com- if change of production location and that is unique for this specific technology is The unit can be operated with emission a problem that is of increasing significance to
plex. There is no single solution but under- ease the ability to add on modules that both odour and dust are removed from temperatures up to 70°C. The pilot plant (test unit) is designed to the food and feed industry.
symaga_quarter page_IAFD2011 13/5/11 10:09 Page 1
standing the feed manufacturers problems according to required capacity the production emissions.
certainly helps a great deal. • Competitive capital cost
In recent years, there have been numer- Cold plasma technology – Nature
ous changes regarding where production This is a tall order but there is a technol- in a box www.symaga.com
facilities are situated. Factory closures and ogy can answer most of these needs: Cold Odour bearing gases enter the cold
relocation of manufacturing units has become Plasma. plasma module, where care is taken to dis-
commonplace. tribute gases evenly as it enters the reaction
At the same time A high tech, high voltage chamber. The reaction chamber comprises a
urban sprawl has resulted solution cluster of hexagonal cells. Running centrally
in residential areas being In 2003 a global petfood manufacturer through each cell is a corona wire, which is "Over 20 years of experience in the design, construction
built closer to previously tested a new technology for odour removal, isolated from the rest of the chamber. and supply of storage solutions, worldwide"
remote industrial areas. referred to as Direct Cold Plasma, on drier The high voltage generator distributes
Another pressure companies face is meeting and extruder flash-off exhausts. a modulating high voltage supply to each ALL TYPES OF SILOS INSTALLATIONS TO COVER THE MARKET NEEDS
local environmental needs. The technology had obvious advantages corona wire, and this process results in a
So what does the industry need from over more conventional solutions. As a result discharge between the corona wire and the Silos for seeds, cereals, malts, oil seeds (soya, sunflower, rape, ...), pellets, meals, rices, and in
its odour abatement equipment? This is a the petfood manufacturer looked for a suit- cell wall. general, products for agriculture, agrifood industry, biofuels, and biomass (wood pellets, ...)
complex question and the answer needs to able technology partner for collaboration on The discharge promotes the emission
include: the application of cold plasma on petfood with high-speed electrons, which collide Ctra. De Arenas, km 2,300, 13210 Villarta de San Juan. Cludad Real - Espana
• A compact design minimising space applications. with background gas molecules creating www.symaga.com antonio.benitez@symaga.com
requirements In 2003 they formed such an agreement chemically active species known as radicals Phone: +34 91 726 43 04/ +34 926 64 04 75 Fax: +34 91 361 15 94/ +34 926 64 02 94
26 | September - october 2011 Grain &feed millinG technoloGy Grain &feed millinG technoloGy September - october 2011 | 27

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4. This digital Re-print is part of the September | October 2011 edition of Grain & Feed Milling Technology magazine.
Content from the magazine is available to view free-of-charge, both as a full online magazine on our website, and as
an archive of individual features on the docstoc website.
LINKS
Please click here to view our other publications on www.docstoc.com.
October 2011
• See the full issue
• Producing Flaked
breakfast Cereals
In this issue:
• Sample
• Visit the GFMT website
preparation
of feeds and
forage for NIR
analysis
• Contact the GFMT Team
• Milling Technology
Redefined
• 15-Year
Celebration:
Fortifying with
folic acid prevents
22,000 birth
defects annually
• Direct Cold Plasma:
• Subscribe to GFMT
The innovative answer to odour • Global Feed
control in the food and feed Markets:
industry Wheat supply
grows and grows
as corn crop
shrinks
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