Genero Initiative Nuug

By Øystein B. Jakobsen 10.08.2009

Agenda
Introduction to the Copyright debate
Conventional distribution models
The Genero distribution model
The economy of abundance

Introducing Copyright
None
Statute of Anne 1709
US Constitution 1790
Bern convention 1886
Recent developments
” Mickey Mouse Forever”
Copyright on Software
” Works for Hire”
ACTA
Patents on methods and biology

“ ..I say to you that the VCR is to the American film producer and the American public as the Boston strangler is to the woman home alone.”

Introducing Copyleft
Free Software Foundation
Open Source Initiative
Creative Commons
Wikimedia
…

What is FriBit?
Norwegian Non-profit membership organisation
Desires to bring balance to a heated Copyright debate
Purpose:
To maximise public access to knowledge and culture
Strengthen the principles of privacy, due process of law, non-censorship and free communication

Conventional distribution model Copyright owner User Distributor User User Copyright owner Copyright owner

Example: Warner User Copyright owner MSN Music User User Warner store Warner music Copyright owner Copyright owner iTunes

Example: Apple Copyright owner User User User iPod iTunes iPhone Apple TV Copyright owner Copyright owner

Example: Nokia User User User N96 OVI N95 N… Copyright owner Copyright owner Copyright owner

Problems with conventional distribution models
Vertical integration
Bilateral agreements
Common interest groups
Complicated permission regime
High risk
No consumer rights
Constant lawsuits
Damages the Internet
Less competition Inefficient Unhappy customer base

Needs analysis
Creator
Incentive
Expression
Needs fullfillment
Recognition
Monetary
Means of production
Tools & equipment
Parent works
Assistance
Funding
Means of distribution
Connect demand & supply
Create demand
Audience
Availability
Selection
Relevance (not ”quality”)
Low price
Share with peers
…

Guidelines for Genero
No exclusive rights for anyone
Anyone can become a distributor or aggregator as long as they play by the rules
Anyone can create derivative works as long as they share even
Trust based
Enforcement of rules, attributions etc is based on trust systems. If the community deems you to be a non-trusted fellow, your content or channel will be marked as such and avoided
No lawsuits - Genero will be managed by norm and community rather than lawyers
Distributed
Similar to the architecture of the Internet – No centre, other than standardization bodies that are as neutral as possible
Content independent
Can be used for any kind of material that can be represented in a digital form. Examples include movies, tv-series, books, music, pictures, software etc
Location and technology independent
Can be used in any manner of ways in any kind of locations – All content will be available to all distributors equally
Entirely API based
All access to Genero registries are based on API’s. Creating entries, accessing entries, downloading content etc will all be available through API’s

High level overview
User
The audience
Distributor
Facilitates content access for the user
Registry
Stores content registry posts with all details
Aggregator
Facilitates the registration and monetization process towards content owner
Copyright owner
Owns the rights to creative works
Copyright owner User Copyright owner Copyright owner User User Aggregator Distributor Distributor Aggregator Registry

Example roles Writer User Public Library Registry Musician Painter User User Internet Archive FreeArt.com MSN music store Registration Co.

Eksempel of use John Walsh Peter: Reads the book for free on his PC Public Library Registry Walter: Buys the paperback FreeBooks.com HardPop Writers Guild $ 5 $ 20 free John’s chosen licence sais digital copies are free, if you publish a paper book give me 5 bucks

File transfers between aggregator and distributor Aggregator Distributor Registry
Registry creates an index based on content in its registry and in federated registries
Transfers index and deltas twice a day
Transfers index and deltas twice a day. Index is just to alleviate searches towards registry
Files are shared. Aggregator would be permanent seed
Distributor downloads content based on manual selection and policy from index. Probably the torrent files is not stored, but fetched on request

Genero licence
General terms
No DRM
Open formats
Non-exclusive addition to a free licence
Is limited to use within the Genero system
No endorsement
Derivative works
No creative restriction other than no commercial endorsement
Attribution
Credit according to medium
Provide link to parent works
Revenue share with parent works
Business terms
A distributor is free to distribute Genero registered stuff, as long as he adheres to the business terms. Copyright holder can configure terms himself, or apply predefined sets
Distributors can filter on compatible works depending on business model and target base

Genero Initiative
Standards organisation to maintain the Genero system
Comparable to a mix of ICANN, W3C and CC
Defines the Registry behaviour
API and data formats
Inter-registry compatibility
Rules for distributors and aggregators
No vertical integration, eg. Cannot hold Genero Copyrights
Maintains the Genero licence
Maintains the Attribution guidelines
Provide support functions
Legal support for both Genero actors and Genero licencees
Payment support (GPP standards)

Example entry Aggregator Registry Content owner Metadata: Author: John Glenn Copyright owner: John Glenn Content category: Music Tags: reggae, jazz, fuzzpop Content type:Music album Licence: CC-BY-NC-SA ++ Genero Content type: Music album Content category: flac song01.flac.torrent song02.flac.torrent Content category: Source song01.midi.torrent song02.midi.torrent Content category: Misc music.video.avi.torrent cover.front.jpg.torrent cover.back.jpg.torrent storplakat.jpg.torrent Monetization distribution: Author- John Glenn: 75% Aggregator- SuperPublish: 10% Sampled- Peter sellers: 8% Sampled- Kent: 5% Sampled- Stingy: 2% Business terms UnitCost: 0 RevShare: 30% Broadcast: TONO

The public registry approves registrars and distributors
Can be any company, but must abide by the rules regarding copyright, payment etc
Registrar and Distributor signing Content owner User Distributor Aggregator Content registry

Content is produced
Music, movies, TV-series, photos, books, plays etc
Initially intended for media content, but works equally well for games, applications and other intellectual property
Licence decicions
Content producer can make any kind of 3rd party agreement, including sale or revenue-sharing of licenses
Content production and licencing Content owner Aggregator User Distributor Content registry

Content owner registers with the public registry
Done through approved registrars, much like domain names
Content owner provides a copy to the Aggrgator
Content registration Content owner Aggregator User Distributor Content registry

Distributor accesses registry
Finds new content in the content registry the distributor wishes to publish
Retrieves a copy
Using P2P. Must provide a seed as long as the work is for sale
Registrar to distributor publication Content owner User Distributor Aggregator Content registry

Content is distributed
The distributor can have any system he likes, use any business model etc – as long as he adheres to the business terms.
Content distribution Content owner Aggregator User Distributor Content registry

The distributor pays for the content
The Distributor pays to a Genero Payment Provider, which in turn pais each aggregator (manager)
Distributor owner payment User Distributor Copyright owner Aggregator Content registry Copyright owner Copyright owner Aggregator GPP $ $ $ $ $ $

Steam as an example
Focus on the user experience
Gives the user high degree of functionality and rights
Stimulates 3rd party development on their products
Is the best distributor of their own content, thus competing with piracy instead of fighting it
Result: Very competitive against other distribution channels, including pirate channels

The Economy of abundance
Long tail
Wikinomics
Moores law
Accellerated by Cloud Computing
The Law of supply and demand

Genero Initiative Nuug

by FriBit on Aug 17, 2009

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Genero Initiative Nuug — Presentation Transcript