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Computer
Basic Troubleshooting
By Franklin Sondakh, S.Kom, M.Th.
Troubleshooting Basics
• Seven step process
• Easiest to Hardest
• Outside In
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7 Steps in Troubleshooting
• Analysis
• Problem replication/identification
• Action Plan
• Implementation
• Testing
• Documentation
• Follow Up
Common Problems
1. Cables
2. Input & Optical Devices
3. Overheating
4. Power problems
5. Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)
6. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
7. Windows errors
8. Device drivers
9. Viruses
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1. Cables
• Kabel longgar
• Pin kabel yang bengkok
• Kesalahan pemasangan
• Kehabisan port
• Pengaturan pemasangan
2. Input & Optical Devices
• Bad Mouse
• Keyboard doesn't respond properly
• CD-ROM/Floppy Drive Issues
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3. Overheating
• Blocked vents
• Dust
• Cooling fans
• Power supply
• Room temperature
• Peripheral overload
4. Power Problems
• Black Out- Complete power failure
• Brown Out- Power “sags” below acceptable
• levels causing computer to reboot
• Surges or “Spikes”- Sudden surge of power
(i.e. lightning strikes)
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5. Electromagnetic Interference
• Disebabkan oleh sumber tenaga
listrik yang besar seperti motor,
kabel tegangan tinggi, dsb.
• Gangguan komunikasi terjadi
pada beberapa jenis kabel.
• Menyebabkan gangguan pada
tampilan layar komputer seperti
hujan ataupun bergaris-garis.
6. Electrostatic Discharge
• Static cling
• Environmental causes
• Prevention
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7. Windows Error Messages
8. Device Drivers
• Provide the programs that helps the computer
to “talk” to a peripheral
• Common point of failure
• Can be difficult to fix
• Check the manufacturer’s websites for
notification of upgrades
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9. Computer Viruses
Merupakan program komputer yang
menggandakan atau menyalin dirinya dan
menyebar dengan cara menyisipkan salinan
dirinya ke dalam program atau dokumen lain.
Sifat Virus komputer
• Sulit diperbaiki
• Mudah dicegah
• Penting untuk dipahami dan selalu awas
• Mempunyai tipe yang umum
• Memiliki pertahanan yang baik
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Viruses
• Worm
• Trojan
• Backdoor
• Spyware
• Rogue
• Rootkit
• Polymorphic virus
• Metamorphic virus
• Virus ponsel
Preventative Maintenance
• Cleaning (Physical)
• Hard drive (Virtual)
• Updates
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I. Cleaning
• Mouse
• Keyboard
• Box
• Monitor
• Printer
• Others
II. Hard Drive
Defragmentation Scandisk
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Hard Drive- File Maintenance
• Disk cleanup
• Archiving
• Backups
III. Updates
• Operating System updates
• Application updates
• Antivirus updates
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Final Thoughts
• Think simple first
• Outside in
• Gather resources
• Document
• Be patient
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