Linked Data and why we (librarians) should care

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    Linked Data and why we (librarians) should care - Presentation Transcript

    1. LINKED DATA and why we (librarians) should care BERMES, Emmanuelle Bibliothèque nationale de France Paris, France IFLA satellite pre-conference Emerging trends in technology : libraries between Web 2.0, semantic Web and search technology. Florence, August 19-20, 2009
    2. The Issue : how to put library data directly onto the Web ?
      • Not another Protocol...
      • Not another API...
      • Just... THE WEB
    3. Silos of hidden data
      • Library data are silos, inaccessible to Web architecture (no URL, no links)
        • Library-specific protocols : Z39.50, SRU-SRW, OAI-PMH
        • Application-specific protocols : Web services, APIs
    4. Linked Data Principles
      • Use URIs as names for things
      • Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names.
      • When someone looks up a URI, provide useful RDF information.
      • Include RDF statements that link to other URIs, so that they can discover related things.
      Linked Data principles based on Tim Berners-Lee
    5. 1. Use URIs as names for things isbn:3791332724 OCLC number : 62342400 http://dbpedia.org/resource/Sandro_Botticelli http://viaf.org/19686406 http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119585037 http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvvPHiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62342400 http://lccn.loc.gov/2005531285
      • A bottom-up approach
    6. 2. Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names URI RDF/XML RDF/N3 ... HTML catalogue CONTENT NEGOTIATION
    7. 3. When someone looks up a URI, provide useful RDF information.
    8. 4. Include RDF statements that link to other URIs so that they can discover related things.
    9. ... to a Web of applications... From a Web of documents...
    10. ...To a Web of data
    11. Linked data cloud
    12. Linked data cloud General Interest resources
    13. Linked data cloud General Interest resources Social resources
    14. Linked data cloud General Interest resources Social resources Geographic & statistics resources
    15. Linked data cloud General Interest resources Social resources Geographic & statistics resources Multimedia resources
    16. Linked data cloud General Interest resources Social resources Geographic & statistics resources Multimedia resources Health care & life science resources
    17. Linked data cloud General Interest resources Social resources Geographic & statistics resources Multimedia resources Health care & life science resources Bibliographic resources
    18. An example : DBPedia Mobile
    19. Another example : BBC music Beta
    20. Can Bibliographic data be put directly onto the Semantic Web ?
      • Structured data
      • Data Model Issues
      • A bottom-up approach
      • Martha Yee
      • Karen Coyle
      • Trust issues
      • Metadata about metadata
      • URI design issues
      • Matching criteria / identifiers
      Some issues...
    21. Can Librarians be put directly onto the Semantic Web ?
      • Unpredictability of usage
      • Eric Hellman
      • Librarians speaking to machines
    22. Possible applications of libraries in the Linked Data
      • Vocabularies & authorities
        • Dublin Core Metadata Terms http://purl.org/dc/terms
        • VIAF http://viaf.org/
        • Library of Congress Authorities & vocabularies http://authorities.loc.gov
        • Rameau http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/rameau
        • OAI-ORE : http://www.openarchives.org/ore/
      • Data & services
        • Catalogues : Libris http://libris.kb.se/
        • Applications and services
        • Real-world use cases
    23. LINKED DATA a library use case
    24. A library use case...
      • A publisher provides basic information about a book
      < http://www.booksInc.com/products/id/1223 > onix:productNumber ''978-0-5416-0148-2'' onix:productTitle ''Voyage à Florence'' onix:author ''John Doe'' onix:publisher ''Books Inc.''
    25. A library use case...
      • The national library adds bibliographic and authority control
      < http://www.booksInc.com/products/id/1223 > onix:productNumber ''978-0-5416-0148-2'' onix:productTitle ''Voyage à Florence'' onix:author ''John Doe'' onix:publisher ''Books Inc.'' <http://www.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123456x> dc:creator < http://viaf.org/34505049 > frbr:work ''ISTC 0A9-2002-12B4A105-7'' dc:subject <http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85049192#concept>
    26. A library use case...
      • My local library adds holding information
      < http://www.booksInc.com/products/id/1223 > onix:productNumber ''978-0-5416-0148-2'' onix:productTitle ''Voyage à Florence'' onix:author ''John Doe'' onix:publisher ''Books Inc.'' <http://www.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123456x> dc:creator < http://viaf.org/34505049 > frbr:work ''ISTC 0A9-2002-12B4A105-7'' dc:subject <http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85049192#concept> <http://www.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123456x > mods:location < http://mylocalibrary.net > mods:shelfLocator ''914.4''
    27. A library use case...
      • Some nice guy out there adds links from Wikipedia
      < http://www.booksInc.com/products/id/1223 > onix:productNumber ''978-0-5416-0148-2'' onix:productTitle ''Voyage à Florence'' onix:author ''John Doe'' onix:publisher ''Books Inc.'' <http://www.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123456x> dc:creator < http://viaf.org/34505049 > frbr:work ''ISTC 0A9-2002-12B4A105-7'' dc:subject <http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85049192#concept> <http://www.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123456x> mods:location < http://mylocalibrary.net > mods:shelfLocator ''914.4'' < http://dbpedia.org/page/Florence > owl:sameas < http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85049192#concept > dbprop:reference < http://www.booksInc.com/products/id/1223 >
    28. A library use case... < http://www.booksInc.com/products/id/1223 > onix:productNumber ''978-0-5416-0148-2'' onix:productTitle ''Voyage à Florence'' onix:author ''John Doe'' onix:publisher ''Books Inc.'' <http://www.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123456x> dc:creator < http://viaf.org/34505049 > frbr:work ''ISTC 0A9-2002-12B4A105-7'' dc:subject <http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85049192#concept> <http://www.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123456x> mods:location < http://mylocalibrary.net > mods:shelfLocator ''914.4'' < http://dbpedia.org/page/Florence > owl:sameas < http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85049192#concept > dbprop:reference < http://www.booksInc.com/products/id/1223 >
      • My library's IT staff creates a Webpage where I can find all information regarding this book, links to related books from the same author, on the same subject, the author's bio from wikipedia, comments from Amazon...
      • No crosswalk / mapping !
        • Each one uses his own metadata format, all triples can be aggregated
      • No data redundancy !
        • Each one creates only the data he needs, and retrieves already existing information
      • No harvesting !
        • The data is available directly on the Web
      • No branding issue !
        • The URIs allow to track down the original data whatever its origin
      • No software-specific developments !
        • Everything relies on open standards such as RDF, SPARQL... no need to learn a new protocol or query language
    30. Thank you – Q&A References & credits: http://www.flickr.com/photos/library_of_congress/2178285893 Tim Berners Lee's conference on linked data, TED 2009 http://www.w3.org/2009/Talks/0204-ted-tbl http://www.flickr.com/photos/generated/501445202/ http://kcoyle.blogspot.com Martha Yee's article : http://repositories.cdlib.org/postprints/3369/ http://go-to-hellman.blogspot.com/2009/08/can-librarians-be-put-directly-onto.html Linked data tutorial at ISWC 2008 : http://events.linkeddata.org/iswc2008tutorial/
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