What is the LEAD Initiative?

Livestock, Environment And Development An Inter-institutional Initiative

LEAD: Livestock, Environment and Development Initiative • Multi-donor (FAO, World Bank, IFAD, EC, Switzerland, Denmark, France, Germany, UK, USA, Portugal, CIRAD, CATIE, ILRI. IFPRI) • Steering Committee oversight (Donors and Dev. Country reps) • FAO implementing agency – Preparation (1994-1998) – Phase 1 (2000-2003) – Phase 2 in preparation

What LEAD is about....  Closing the gap (between individual and societal optima)  Influencing decisions about resource use (location, intensity and scale)  Understanding decision making  Providing feed back mechanisms  Polluter pays, provider gets  Correcting the underlying causes often more efficient than correcting the symptoms  Acknowledging multiple objectives with environment and poverty focus

Through partnerships Comparative advantages:  FAO: catalytic role, information, co- ordination, platform for standard setting  donors: funding, technical expertise, policy dialogue  international and national R&D institutions: applied research, programme implementation

Preparatory Phase (1994-1998) • Background documents • Summary documents • Electronic conference • Int.conference • Presentations at international meetings and consultations

Main Conclusions • Policies to curb demand are largely ineffective • Most negative L&E interactions are caused by land pressures, institutional failure, policy distortions • Livestock sector remains a most important - yet under-utilised - entry point for development • Main bottleneck: informed decision- making

First Phase (2000-2003) Decision-support Mainstreaming/ awareness building Testing and developing Policy advice/ novel concepts technical assistance Knowledge Base

Knowledge base • Data on livestock-environment interactions at all levels • Tools (indicators, analytical tools, toolbox and design tools GIS-applications) • Studies (fossil fuel, livestock and equity) Case study material

Awareness building • Workshops, meetings. • Language platforms – English – French – Spanish – Russian (in preparation) – Chinese (in preparation) – Portuguese (toolbox)

The work of the Initiative targets at the protection and enhancement of natural resources as affected by livestock production while alleviating poverty The Virtual Centre promotes multidisciplinary research and development activities and increases awareness among key stakeholders of the complex interactions of human needs, animal production and the sustainability of global natural resources. WWW.lead.virtualcenter.org

The Virtual Centre: Transmission Belt of LEAD-Functions • Virtual Centre for internet-based collaborative research and development on livestock- environment issues • Platforms with collaborating centres (CATIE and CIRAD) • Objectives: – comprehensive knowledge base, – collaborative network – interactive decision-making tools

Testing and developing novel concepts in the “hotspots” • Concepts cover policy and technology interface • LEAD develops concept • Provide seed money for scaling up (GEF) and for M&E and dissemination

Livestock in dry land management • Reducing land degradation and improving conservation of bio-diversity through: – Drought preparedness in the Sahel • Decision making, markets and insurance – Livestock-Wildlife interactions in Central and East Africa • Complementarity and competition, benefit sharing – Livestock and watershed rehabilitation in 4 states in India • Link between income from livestock and NRM

Pastoral systems in dry and cold areas - interaction with cropping Pastoralism and sparse agriculture Pastoralism and extensive agriculture Hot spots

Pastoral systems in dry or cold areas Pure pastoral system Pastoralism and sparse agriculture Hot spots

Livestock’s role in the forest- pasture interface • From horizontal expansion to intensification to reduce pressure on the rainforest • Technology: – Silvo-pastoral systems • Policies – Payment for global environmental benefits – Land tenure, credit, markets for outputs (including services)

Potential Livestock related deforestation hotspots Closed forest Open and fragmented forest Other wooded land Predicted Cattle presence in Closed Forest (>2 animals per square km) Predicted Cattle presence in Closed forest (>10 animals per square km)

Land and Water pollution by industrial livestock production • Search for Policies and Technologies to achieve an improved spatial distribution of intensive livestock units • Successful piloting in China and Thailand; • Now up-scaling sought through GEF and other development partners

PREDICTED HOTSPOTS FOR NUTRIENT OVERLOADS Legend Hotspot Nitrogen Phosphorus Mineral Fert. No overload Source : LEAD FAO Year :2002 Map prepared by LEAD - FAO 1000 km

Core functions of LEAD in each identified “Hotspots” Collection and Provision of Basic Data  Analysis and Assessment  Design of Policy and Technology Options  Testing, Validation and Upscaling of Options  Provision of Decision-Support Tools  Formulation of Guidelines and Standards  Capacity Building and Establish Uptake Pathway 

What is the LEAD Initiative?

by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations on Apr 08, 2009

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