1. This document is offered compliments of
BSP Media Group. www.bspmediagroup.com
All rights reserved.

2. Just the facts…
Using 4G mobile and fixed services on
a dual mode WiMAX/LTE network
AfricaCom 2013 - LTE Masterclass
Mark Altshuller
CTO - Telrad Networks
November 14, 2013

3. Agenda
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
About Telrad
LTE Industry Trends
LTE Ecosystem Evolution and Device Availability
Mobile vs. Fixed Services
WiMAX to TD-LTE Transition Roadmap
Fixed and Mobile Convergence
Telrad Dual Mode WiMAX & LTE Transition
2

4. Who is Telrad?
• We are a global provider of end-to-end 4G wireless solutions
 Industry pioneer since 1951, advanced R&D team
 Serves operators and ISPs worldwide
 Developing next-generation WiMAX & LTE solutions
 Over 280 4G deployments in 150 countries
• Recently acquired Alvarion BWA division
 Product Portfolio, IP, Production, know-how – NOW TELRAD
 About 1B$ WiMAX Installed base – NOW TELRAD
 Alvarion BWA personnel: R&D, Sales, Operation – NOW TELRAD
 Telrad has very strong financial backing with Fortissimo
3

5. 4
Telrad 4G Portfolio
IP
Network
Core Network
EPC, ASN-GW
& AAA
Star-Suite
NMS
BreezeCOMPACT
Family
BreezeMAX®
RAN
4Motion® Family
(Radio
Access
Network )
End User Devices

6. BreezeCOMPACT Family
Macro base station performance
in a “small cell” form factor
Optimized for diverse indoor and outdoor
deployment scenarios – on target to
achieve maximum coverage & capacity
Small form factor enabling LTE-Advanced
capabilities; green footprint without
sacrificing performance
Cost-efficient installation and power usage
translates to big value for budget-aware
environments
…the right choice for now and for the future
5

7. LTE Industry Trends

8. Wireless Technology Evolution for sub-6 GHz
7
<6 GHz
Prop./ WLAN/
802.11
4900, 5200, 5800
FDD/TDD
Prop./
preWIMAX
3500, 3600
TDD – 4th
LTE
TDD WIMAX
802.16d-->e
2300, 2500
Prop./ WLAN/
802.11
2100
<2 GHz
FDD – 3rd
CDMA/UMTS/
HSPA
1800, 1900
1st
FDD
N/AMPS
700, 800, 900
80s
FDD - 2nd
TDMA/GSM
90s
00s
10s
FDD – 4th
LTE
>13

9. WIMAX and TD-LTE Bands
• TD-LTE is overlapping current WIMAX bands
 Conclusion 1: TD-LTE will address various applications (not just cellular)
 Conclusion 2: Additional spectrum will be used as offload for sub-2 GHz
 Conclusion 3: Existing WiMAX networks will invest in transition to TD-LTE
700MHZ – Total available TDD spectrum used by WIMAX
8

10. 9
Why TD vs. FD?
Capability
Traffic pattern (UL & DL)
FDD
TDD
Symmetric
Asymmetric (per TDD split)
Requires paired frequency and guard
band between DL & UL for full isolation
(>100 db)
May use continuous spectrum (no
guard band required) if the
neighboring systems are
synchronized. More flexible spectrum
allocation.
LTE throughput (channel: 20Mhz)
(for UE: 1Tx X 2Rx) for best
conditions
(considered as theoretical)
For 20+20, Total of 40MHz
DL: 120Mbps,
UL: 50Mbps
Total of 20Mhz
DL: 104Mbps,
UL: 23Mbps
Spectral efficiency
(spectrum utilization)
~4.2 b/s/Hz
~6.4 b/s/Hz
Low channel correlation, since running
on different frequencies
High channel correlation, since
running on the same frequency
Frequency allocation and
limitations
Channel estimation (important for
open loop radio capabilities, e.g.
diversity, beam forming)

11. LTE Ecosystem Evolution
and Device Availability

12. LTE Ecosystem & Device Availability
• Evolution is driven by the end device ecosystem
• Manufacturers focus on multimode support on single platform 2G/3G & LTE
• Many CPE manufacturers developing variety devices for LTE
 USB dongles, desktop CPEs, outdoor CPEs, portable LTE/WiFi routers, etc.
 Majority of manufacturers originally produced similar CPE for WiMAX
• First LTE adopters are MNOs
 Verizon and AT&T in the US, KDDI and SoftBank in Japan
• All utilizing FDD spectrum
 Soft Bank recently launched the first large-scale LTE TDD network
• Initial LTE ecosystem focused exclusively on LTE FDD mode, but shifting
• LTE TDD (also called TD-LTE) mass market expected to flourish
11

13. LTE Ecosystem & Device Availability
•
Mid-2013, TD-LTE appeared in market
 First in 2.x GHz (band 40 and 41) and recently in 3.5 GHz (band 42 and 43)
•
Leading vendors for TD-LTE CPEs include Gemtek, Green Packet, Zyxel & Huawei
•
Today’s TD-LTE CPEs are purely 3GPP-compliant – mobile focused
 Lack BWA fixed applications capabilities!
•
Operators using WiMAX for fixed applications limited to use LTE CPEs for equivalent
service
•
Reality for BWA market
 LTE still new, the LTE CPE prices 20% to 50% higher than WiMAX
 WiMAX industry is “royalty free”, while 3GPP/LTE has royalty cost- about 10% of the market price
•
Expected coming-years trends in TD-LTE
 In 2-3 years fixed CPE prices will reduce once volumes cross 10 million per year threshold
 In next 5 years, 3.x GHz spectrum will be used for sub-2 GHz band offload
 Speculating - big operators and chipset vendors will support TD-LTE for 3.x GHz
12

14. Mobile LTE Adoption &
Challenges

15. Challenges for LTE adoption
• LTE networks currently support data services only
 No clear business model for mobile data services
 Voice and SMS still running on 2G/3G
•
•
•
•
Slowing down justification for LTE investment
3G network investments are much higher than LTE
LTE band spread complicates global roaming adoption
Technology is still not polished enough for mass service
 3GPP continues protocol improvements
14

16. Voice and SMS
15
• Majority of Mobile Network Operators revenues still from voice & SMS
• 2G and 3G - voice runs over CS (Circuit Switch) domain – roaming well
developed
• LTE - uses IP infrastructure for voice and SMS
• VoLTE (Voice over LTE) based on Internet Multi-media System
• VoLTE framework, roaming model and interworking with current CS not
finalized
• Current LTE devices (ie: iPhone 5, Samsung Galaxy) do not support
VoLTE
• VoLTE will consume more spectrum for typical voice call vs 2G/3G

17. Global Roaming
16
• Lack of international roaming issue for LTE adoption
• Results from wide variety of spectrum bands supported
by LTE
 2G/3G – total 5 bands used by most (700, 900, 1800, 1900, 2100)
 3GPP defined 44 LTE bands
• Mobile devices need multi-technology platforms –
2G, 3G and LTE, further complexities

18. Mobile vs. Fixed

19. Mobile Applications
18
• LTE Mobile Industry (3GPP) focused on mobile services:
Mobility, including high speed 120 km/h plus
Roaming between providers
Using SIM/USIM for global authentication and service
subscription
Integration with existing 2G/3G networks, inter-technology
handover, integration with CORE and backend systems
Support of voice and SMS services based on IMS
Support for various regulatory requirements such as 911

20. Fixed Applications
19
• Fixed BWA applications (ie: WiMAX) focus on DSL-like service:
 Fixed and reliable connectivity
 IP & Ethernet transparency for Metro Ethernet, VLAN or IP DHCP over wireless
LTE media (IETF based)
 Telephony-like services over broadband wireless, using cost-effective SIP vs.
costly IMS-based service
 Authorization & Security

Local secret credential, e.g. using username/password (in WiMAX, based on EAPTTLS), simplifying the operation for local connectivity (no need for 3GPP’s IMSI
global credential)
 Simplified CORE and QoS, e.g. using simple AAA RADIUS-based solution (vs.
3GPP HSS DIAMETER-based), enabling static or pre-provisioned QoS solution
(vs. complicated and costly 3GPP PCRF solution)

21. What Level of Service Do We Expect?
20
Broadband
Cellular Mobile
BWA Fixed
Wireless-DSL:
Wireline Replacement
Service
Experience
“Connected-Everywhere”
Always-on:
99.999 Service Level
Grade Of
Service
“Adjust to Your Bar” Level
– 70-90% Service
Differentiated:
Committed to SLA
QoS
“Best-Effort” Level
DSL Level:
1-10 mbps Continuous
Speed
“Peak Rate, Where you Can”

22. 21
Mobile vs. BWA Fixed
Services
MOBILE
BWA FIXED
Roaming
Important
Not Relevant
SIM/USIM (Global
credentials: IMSI)
Important
Preferable Local Credentials : User/PWD, e.g.
TTLS
Mobility – Intra-technology
Important
Required
Mobility – Inter-technology
(with 3G UTRAN)
Important
Not Relevant
Voice service
Based on VoLTE (IMS framework)
Using simple SIP based solutions
QoS
Dynamic based on PCRF
Simplified PCRF, enabling preconfigured QoS
sessions
L2: LAN, L2VPN
Not Relevant
Commonly used for feeding, access, enterprise
networks, industrial connectivity
IP transparent services
Commonly used simple IP access
Required for various applications: IP bridging,
DHCP transparency, static IP, multihosting
Authorization, Authentication
& Accounting
Based on Diameter based HSS,
OFCS, OCS & PCRF
Preferable cost effective Radius based AAA
solution

23. WiMAX to TD-LTE
Transition Roadmap

24. WiMAX to LTE
23
• Transition of WiMAX to TD-LTE requires full capabilities as part of
standard and global adoption
• Currently 3GPP is focused on the Mobile/Cellular industry
• October 2012 - WiMAX Forum announced WiMAX Advanced
Release 2.x
 Supports operator transition from WiMAX to TD-LTE – coexistence
of multi-platform networks
• Support fixed BWA requirements as part of WiMAX Advanced
Release 2.x activity
• Allows slower paced transition, more mature LTE ecosystem,
continued customer base support

25. Fixed and Mobile
Convergence (FMC)

26. Radio Deployment Device Characteristics
25
• Mobile & fixed networks use different User Equipment types
 Handheld devices - mobility: smartphones, USB dongles,
personal WiFi routers, etc.
 Desktop modems – fixed: alternative to residential wireline DSL,
data with integrated WiFi router and PSTN using SIP VoIP
 Outdoor UEs/CPEs – fixed: high-end customers (e.g. business,
enterprises) for high quality connectivity, support variety of
LAN/L2, i.e. 802.1q, 802.1p, multiple VLANs, and VLAN tagging

27. 26
Deployment Variations
Characteristics
FIXED
MOBILE
UEs Antenna
High Gain,
Directional Antenna
Low Gain,
OMNI-Antenna Devices
Line-of-Sight
Condition
LOS or Near-LOS
Deployment
NLOS
& Multipath Diversity
Coverage /
Interference
Directional Antenna,
Inter-cell
Interference Sensitive
Small Coverage Areas
High RSSI,
Higher QAM at Cell Edge
Coverage-oriented
deployment ,
Capacity extensions
Modulation
& Services

28. FMC Deployment Approach
- for Fixed and Mobile
- for Mobile only
• Offload pure Mobile cell
sites from Fixed sites or
vice versa
• Enable higher frequency
reuse for Fixed
• Low frequency reuse for
Mobile is applicable
• For 3.5 GHz Hybrid Small
Hyper Cell (HSHC) vs
HetNet
27

29. 28
Optimized FMC Solution
HSS/
AAA
IMS
Backend
Systems
WWW
Converged RAN
Mobile EPC
Telrad
Distributed
EPC
• Distributed EPC – Optimized solution for data-centric Mobile & Fixed services
 Offloading Fixed / Nomadic traffic from Mobile
 Localized traffic termination – saves transport cost
 Enabling unified policy and subscription management

30. 29
Dual Mode
WiMAX & LTE

31. Dual Mode Benefits
• 4G solutions benefit operators navigating new LTE
territory
• Maximize WiMAX investments
• LTE-Advanced capabilities; WiMAX maturity
• Smooth migration path at own pace: WiMAX to LTE
• Leverage 2.3, 2.5, 3.5 & 3.6 GHz LTE offload solution
 Fixed services over LTE - real convergence of mobile & fixed
• Cost saving single units
• Operational freedom and flexibility
• Reduced CAPEX and OPEX
30

32. 31
Multi-Technology Approach
No
Transition
WiMAX
Multi Technology
SDR
Coexistence
Co-Existence
WiMAX
LTE
Advanced
LTE
ASN GW
EPC
ASN GW
EPC

33. 32
Dual Mode Topology Coverage
Dense Urban
Suburban
Urban
Rural
4G
Dual Mode
Portfolio
Hidden Areas
Remote

34. Let’s Review
33
• Dual Mode Flexibility, Cost Efficiency
• WiMAX Advanced -> WiMAX to LTE Migration
 Allows WiMAX and LTE operation using same infrastructure
 More and more manufacturers will be developing their
technology roadmaps with LTE-Advanced product lines
 Dual mode functionality helps operators with CAPEX and OPEX
 Perfectly suited for African region - affordable, practical evolution
 Future-proof investments, enables transition at own pace

35. Our Vision: Enabling TD-LTE For Any Application
Mobile
Industrial &
Private Networks
Businesses
Residential
Video Surveillance
34

36. www.telrad.com