Shinoda - Measuring the Public Health Impacts of Air Pollution in Minnesota

Measuring the Public Health Impacts of Air Pollu8on in Minnesota Naomi Shinoda Minnesota Department of Health Chronic Disease and Environmental Epidemiology Environmental Public Health Tracking and Biomonitoring

Fine par)cle pollu)on: PM2.5

PM2.5 pyramid of health eﬀects Death Hospital admissions Emergency room visits Doctor visits Asthma aBacks, medica)on use, symptoms Lung func)on changes, immune cell responses, heart rate variability responses

Air pollu)on epidemiology studies ¥  Health impacts are measurable ¥  Large body of evidence – PM2.5 ¥  Respiratory and cardiovascular effects ¥  Effects observed even at low concentra)ons ¥  Long-‐term effects à increased risk ¥  Short-‐term effects à triggering/exacerba)ons

Air pollu)on aﬀects en)re popula)ons ¥  Suscep)ble popula)on is growing 2004 ¥  Aging popula)on ¥  Increasing obesity, diabetes rates ¥  Eﬀects observed in children ¥  Lung development 2009 ¥  Asthma exacerba)ons ¥  Even very small increases associated with disease and death Obesity in MN

AQI: Number of unhealthy air days in MN Source: MN Pollu)on Control Agency

Popula)ons at risk : es)mated numbers Duluth MN-‐WI es8mates Total popula)on 235,600 Children under 18 47,900 Adults 65+ 37,100 Pediatric asthma 3,300 Adult asthma 14,000 Chronic bronchi)s 8,300 Emphysema 3,900 Cardiovascular 65,400 Diabetes 13,600 Source: ALA State of the Air 2012

Improving air, preven)ng deaths ¥  BenMAP modeled MN (2006) predic)ons ¥  Air quality improvement 5 scenarios ¥  Es)mated number of prevented deaths 78 (MSP metro) ¥  Scenario: 10% reduc)on in PM2.5 concentra)ons 4 Source: CDC Environmental Public Health Tracking

Air pollu)on and health research in MN ¥  Method development project using local data ¥  Develop methods for local area analyses ¥  Track health eﬀects associated with changes in air quality ¥  PM2.5 concentra)ons ¥  Hospitaliza)ons and deaths (respiratory, cardiovascular) ¥  2003-‐2009 data ¥  MSP metro and Olmsted County

Air pollu)on and health research in MN ¥  Associa)ons found in the MSP metro for PM2.5 and respiratory hospitaliza)ons Hospitaliza8ons Amount aOributable to PM2.5 in 2003-‐2009 Percent # hosp. per year Total respiratory 1.9% 224 COPD + asthma 2.3% 110 Asthma 2.3% 54

MN air pollu)on reduc)on ini)a)ves ¥  Minnesota Emissions Reduc)on Project (MERP) ¥  Diesel retroﬁts ¥  School buses; heavy duty public vehicles ¥  Project Green Fleet ¥  Other local ini)a)ves ¥  An)-‐idling ordinances ¥  Go Greener Ini)a)ve (Met Council) ¥  Na)onal ini)a)ves ¥  Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel Rule ¥  Heavy Duty Diesel Regula)ons ¥  Transport Rule

Source: MN Pollu)on Control Agency

MN air pollu)on health impacts over )me ¥  MSP metro: decline in resp. hosp. aBributable to PM2.5 Amount aOributable to PM2.5 Hospitaliza8ons Time period Percent # hosp./yr Total respiratory 2003-‐2005 3.0% 354 2006-‐2007 2.6% 309 2008-‐2009 -‐-‐ -‐-‐ COPD + asthma 2003-‐2005 3.3% 154 2006-‐2007 2.9% 140 2008-‐2009 -‐-‐ -‐-‐ Asthma 2003-‐2005 3.8% 92 2006-‐2007 -‐-‐ -‐-‐ 2008-‐2009 -‐-‐ -‐-‐

Summary ¥  Air pollu)on affects health even at low levels ¥  Air pollu)on affects en)re popula)ons ¥  A growing number of Minnesotans more suscep)ble to air quality impacts BUT… ¥  MN has been making improvements in air quality ¥  Con)nued efforts will lead to a healthier MN

Project Team MN Dept. of Health MN Pollu8on Control Agency Olmsted Medical Center Jean Johnson Greg PraO Barbara Yawn Chuck Stroebel Kari Palmer Peter Wollan Allan Williams Margaret McCourtney Naomi Shinoda Cassie McMahon Wendy Brunner Lisa Herschberger Paula Lindgren Measuring the Impact of Fine Par)cles: hBp://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/hpcd/cdee/airquality.html

Shinoda - Measuring the Public Health Impacts of Air Pollution in Minnesota

by Environmental Initiative on May 03, 2012

Accessibility

Categories

Upload Details

Usage Rights

Statistics

Shinoda - Measuring the Public Health Impacts of Air Pollution in Minnesota Presentation Transcript