The Troubles in Northern Ireland Historical background and key events Presentation by Anne Johnsrud http://annejohnsrud.blogspot.com

Contents The colonization of Ireland The Irish War of Independence The Division of Ireland The Irish Civil War Protestants versus Catholics? Issues of the conflict The population of Northern Ireland today The Troubles Towards a lasting peace?

The colonization of Ireland

The Irish War of Independence

The Division of Ireland

The Irish Civil War

Protestants versus Catholics?

Issues of the conflict

The population of Northern Ireland today

The Troubles

Towards a lasting peace?

The colonization of Ireland 1170: Ireland becomes England’s first colony 1507-1547: Henry VIIIs reign – All of Ireland controlled by England 1610: Protestants from Scotland settle in Northern Ireland

1170: Ireland becomes England’s first colony

1507-1547: Henry VIIIs reign – All of Ireland controlled by England

1610: Protestants from Scotland settle in Northern Ireland

The Irish War of Independence 1916: Easter Rebellion/ Easter Rising January 1919 – July 1921 Guerilla war The Irish Republican Army (old IRA) against the British Result: The Anglo-Irish Treaty

1916: Easter Rebellion/ Easter Rising

January 1919 – July 1921

Guerilla war

The Irish Republican Army (old IRA) against the British

Result: The Anglo-Irish Treaty

The Division of Ireland The Anglo-Irish Treaty (agreement) 1922: The Island is divided into an Irish Free State and Northern Ireland The Irish Free State not completely independent (under British crown) Republic of Ireland 1937

The Anglo-Irish Treaty (agreement)

1922: The Island is divided into an Irish Free State and Northern Ireland

The Irish Free State not completely independent (under British crown)

Republic of Ireland 1937

Irish Civil War June 1922 – May 1923 The Free State Army supported the agreement that divided Ireland The IRA was opposed to the agreement The war was won by the Free State Army

June 1922 – May 1923

The Free State Army supported the agreement that divided Ireland

The IRA was opposed to the agreement

The war was won by the Free State Army

Protestants vs. Catholics? The Irish were Catholics The English and Scottish who settled in Northern Ireland were Protestants In Northern Ireland the Irish Catholics were poor and suppressed by the Protestants

The Irish were Catholics

The English and Scottish who settled in Northern Ireland were Protestants

In Northern Ireland the Irish Catholics were poor and suppressed by the Protestants

Issues of the conflict Economy National identity Equal rights and opportunities Independence after colonization

Economy

National identity

Equal rights and opportunities

Independence after colonization

The Population of Northern Ireland Today 60 % Protestants, most of whom feel they belong to the UK (The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) 40 % Catholics, most of whom feel they should be independent form the UK/ be part of the Republic of Ireland (Eire)

60 % Protestants, most of whom feel they belong to the UK (The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)

40 % Catholics, most of whom feel they should be independent form the UK/ be part of the Republic of Ireland (Eire)

The Troubles 1969: British troops stationed in Northern Ireland January 30th 1972: Bloody Sunday Unionists vs. Nationalists 70s and 80s: several bombings/ gun attacks in Northern Ireland

1969: British troops stationed in Northern Ireland

January 30th 1972: Bloody Sunday

Unionists vs. Nationalists

70s and 80s: several bombings/ gun attacks in Northern Ireland

The Troubles continue 1974: Terrorist bombings in Birmingham, England 1981-82: Republicans die in hungerstrike UFF (Ulster Freedom Fighters) IRA (Irish Republican Army)

1974: Terrorist bombings in Birmingham, England

1981-82: Republicans die in hungerstrike

UFF (Ulster Freedom Fighters)

IRA (Irish Republican Army)

Towards a lasting peace…? 1998: The Good Friday Agreement Car bombs in Omagh, Northern Ireland kill 29 and injure 530 2005: IRA agrees to end violence and weapons are destroyed 2009: Antrim killings

1998: The Good Friday Agreement

Car bombs in Omagh, Northern Ireland kill 29 and injure 530

2005: IRA agrees to end violence and weapons are destroyed

2009: Antrim killings

Sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Civil_War (accessed on March 14th 2009) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_War_of_Independence (accessed on March 14th 2009) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_troubles (accessed on March 14th 2009) http://tracks1mk.cappelendamm.no/c100339/artikkel/vis.html?tid=106276 (accessed on March 14th 2009)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Civil_War (accessed on March 14th 2009)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_War_of_Independence (accessed on March 14th 2009)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_troubles (accessed on March 14th 2009)

http://tracks1mk.cappelendamm.no/c100339/artikkel/vis.html?tid=106276 (accessed on March 14th 2009)

Images from FLICKR: www.flickr.com/photos/78918694@N00/1190974445 (accessed on March 15th) www.flickr.com/photos/78918694@N00/983429652 (accessed on March 15th) www.flickr.com/photos/78918694@N00/1190974445 (accessed on March 15th) http://static.flickr.com/105/368638762_f07626b5b7_m.jpg (accessed on March 15th) http://static.flickr.com/3292/2512382548_738cfaaf84_m.jpg (accessed on March 15th) http://static.flickr.com/1004/857812515_872dc1d49a_m.jpg (accessed on March 15th) http://static.flickr.com/2159/2155191828_1b55dd0320_m.jpg (accessed on March 15th)

www.flickr.com/photos/78918694@N00/1190974445 (accessed on March 15th)

www.flickr.com/photos/78918694@N00/983429652 (accessed on March 15th)

www.flickr.com/photos/78918694@N00/1190974445 (accessed on March 15th)

http://static.flickr.com/105/368638762_f07626b5b7_m.jpg (accessed on March 15th)

http://static.flickr.com/3292/2512382548_738cfaaf84_m.jpg (accessed on March 15th)

http://static.flickr.com/1004/857812515_872dc1d49a_m.jpg (accessed on March 15th)

http://static.flickr.com/2159/2155191828_1b55dd0320_m.jpg (accessed on March 15th)