Web2.0 E-Learning 2.0 Quality 2.0?! Ulf-Daniel Ehlers Uni Duisburg-Essen, EFQUEL, Science without Borders Microlearning Conference Innsbruck, 26 June 2008

E-Learning 1.0 LMS as island

E-Learning 2.0 LMS as a Gate

Learner centered Flexibility Mobile learning Personality Development Workflow learning Informal Learning Connected Learning Gamebased Learning Immersive learning Individualisation/ Personalization New Learning Cultures Personal Learning envrionemnts Accessibility

Web 2.0 E-Learning 2.0 Quality 2.0?

Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Off and On : Access is the challenge, Websites are made by institutions or ‚Techies‘. Surfing: Web is pull medium, Infos are downloaded and archived Knowledge from experts : Static projects which a defined begin and end, offered to public. Call by call : Dial-up, text oriented bc. of high costs We are on : Internet needs no pre-knowledge, ubiquitous availability. Posting/ Publishing : Web is pull and push medium, patricipative. Wisdom of the crowds : Microcontent, User‘s preferences influence representation. Always online : Broadband, Flatrates, video, audio. Ready-made, read-only web Do-It-Yourself and publish Web

Off and On : Access is the challenge, Websites are made by institutions or ‚Techies‘.

Surfing: Web is pull medium, Infos are downloaded and archived

Knowledge from experts : Static projects which a defined begin and end, offered to public.

Call by call : Dial-up, text oriented bc. of high costs

We are on : Internet needs no pre-knowledge, ubiquitous availability.

Posting/ Publishing : Web is pull and push medium, patricipative.

Wisdom of the crowds : Microcontent, User‘s preferences influence representation.

Always online : Broadband, Flatrates, video, audio.

Ubiquitous Learning takes place everywhere and in different contexts, not only in a classroom.

Ubiquitous

Learning takes place everywhere and in different contexts, not only in a classroom.

Learners` built Learners are the organisers, participation not acquistion.

Learners` built

Learners are the organisers, participation not acquistion.

Lifelong Learning takes place lifelong, is multiepisodic and not bound to institutions.

Lifelong

Learning takes place lifelong, is multiepisodic and not bound to institutions.

Community related Learning takes place in communities (of practice): Learners join communities.

Community related

Learning takes place in communities (of practice): Learners join communities.

Informal & non-formal Much learning takes place informal, non-formal, at home, at workplace and in spare time, not teacher- and institution oriented.

Informal & non-formal

Much learning takes place informal, non-formal, at home, at workplace and in spare time, not teacher- and institution oriented.

Changing Faces of E-Learning From Distribution… … to Collaboration and Reflection Transmissive Learning Expansive Learning Broadcasting Learning E-Learning 1.0 E-Learning 2.0 Technology = Islands Technology = Gates Learning Management Systems Materials online Presentation Information E-Portfolios Weblogs Communication Collaboration WiKis Communities

Two E-Learning Worlds Standard Content Individual Learning Learning Community No fixed Content/ Curriculum Students are learning with pre-formed knowledge Students work together in (knowledge) communities (Schulmeister 2005)

LMS = costly Data graves Real life plays next door Internet is the Content (self generating, updating) Value of learning = not content but reflective practice Rip, mix & learn (Richardson 2005) instead preformed course materials LMS 2.0 = PLEs = E-Portfolios, Blogs, etc. “ Walled Gardens” E-Learning 1.0 E-Learning 2.0

Informal Learning Formalisation of informal Learning informalisation of formal learning

Quality development: evaluation & certifictaion of content, processes, programs, institutions Qualitäty management: organisational proceedures and indicators for their quality Quality assurance: analyses if a certain level of quality is met Quality control: looks for errors, mistakes Learning not in formal institutional education but informal and outside organisations Who is determining the quality? No pre-defined learning content Learning processes highly heterogenous What can be evaluated? With which methods? Quality 1.0 E-Learning 2.0

Quality development 1.0  2.0 Quality for E-Learning 2.0 is not primarily an assessment against standards but is development oriented, a methodology to enable learners to deepen understanding, and to improve their learning processes self-reflection, self-assessment, peer-evaluation Where is quality in… Participation processes Acquisition processes Social networks / Communities of Practice (CoP) Multimedia (Interactivity) Interaction Tutor availability Communication Course structure Learning diaries/e-portfolios Curricula User Created Content Content Personal Learning Environment Learning platform Quality assessed through learners and peers Quality assessed through experts E-Learning 2.0? E-Learning 1.0?

Quality for E-Learning 2.0 is not primarily an assessment against standards but is

development oriented,

a methodology to enable learners to deepen understanding,

and to improve their learning processes

self-reflection, self-assessment, peer-evaluation

Let others speak…! Quality is more than assessment against standards (Harvey & Green 2000: 36). Quality is a relative term which can only be defined in participation of different interest groups (Posch & Altrichter 1997: 28) Quality is not an observable characteristic of a learning process but rather the result of an assessment process  thus socially constructed (Heid 2000: 41). Quality in education can not be understood as a general classification of good schools, programs or learning scenarios but is a result of a transparent negotiation process of Values, Needs, Requirements, Results (vgl. auch Ditton 2000: 73). Quality development means to define the criteria, values and INterests of those stakeholders involved in learning as clear as possible and base the quality judgement on them (Posch & Altrichter 1997: 130)

Quality is more than assessment against standards (Harvey & Green 2000: 36).

Quality is a relative term which can only be defined in participation of different interest groups (Posch & Altrichter 1997: 28)

Quality is not an observable characteristic of a learning process but rather the result of an assessment process  thus socially constructed (Heid 2000: 41).

Quality in education can not be understood as a general classification of good schools, programs or learning scenarios but is a result of a transparent negotiation process of Values, Needs, Requirements, Results (vgl. auch Ditton 2000: 73).

Quality development means to define the criteria, values and INterests of those stakeholders involved in learning as clear as possible and base the quality judgement on them (Posch & Altrichter 1997: 130)

E-Learning 2.0 – Quality 2.0: Not a new generation of quality methodology but changing functions and roles From acquisition & reception to participation & negotiation: A new metaphor for learning From control to culture & reflection: Not conformity but reflection From inspection to inspiration: Towards quality as innovation From product & process to competence & performance From consumer to (co-)producer of learning: Focus on artefacts and processes From ‘island of learning’ to ‘island hopping’

E-Learning 2.0 – Quality 2.0: Not a new generation of quality methodology but changing functions and roles

From acquisition & reception to participation & negotiation: A new metaphor for learning

From control to culture & reflection: Not conformity but reflection

From inspection to inspiration: Towards quality as innovation

From product & process to competence & performance

From consumer to (co-)producer of learning: Focus on artefacts and processes

From ‘island of learning’ to ‘island hopping’

Target Group oriented evaluation Self-Evaluation Self Assessment Social recommendation & communitiy participation E-Portfolio Evaluation Peer Assessment, learning groups, network social recommendation mechanisms, peer-review, peer reflection, peer-assist peer-learning, benchlearning responsive evaluation, formative evaluation; Stakeholder participation Quality 2.0 Methods

Example 1: Self-Evaluation Step 1: Negotiation & Participation Learners are involved into the definition of criteria for evaluation of learning, they are coached by the development of their own objectives Step 2: Evaluation Learners apply the criteria to their own learning experiences. Step 3: Feedback / Callibration Learner receive a feedback to their own evaluation from the teachers and the peers, the aim is a calibration of their own judgement through a triangulation of perspectives. Step 4: Learning Competence Development Learners are encouraged to develop learning paths form themselves on basis of their evaluation. From assessment of learning to assessment for learning!

Step 1: Negotiation & Participation

Learners are involved into the definition of criteria for evaluation of learning, they are coached by the development of their own objectives

Step 2: Evaluation

Learners apply the criteria to their own learning experiences.

Step 3: Feedback / Callibration

Learner receive a feedback to their own evaluation from the teachers and the peers, the aim is a calibration of their own judgement through a triangulation of perspectives.

Step 4: Learning Competence Development

Learners are encouraged to develop learning paths form themselves on basis of their evaluation.

Example 2: Assessment of Portfolios - presentation of ePortfolio work - subjektiv evaluation (peer-review) Test/ Exams - Evaluation grid (competence levels) - Competence oriented - Learner oriented - Qualitative evaluation Evaluation Crtieria - Artefacts (Materials) - Reflection on learning - Microcontent - Assignments/ Projects Evaluated Content - Project oriented e-portfolio-work - E-Portfolios document analysis Forms +++ for Learner / --- for teacher Preparation E-Portfolio Characteristics

Connecting People Science without Borders

Science without Borders

Quality 2.0, Island hopping & open Gates Thank you very much! ulf.ehlers@icb.uni-due.de www.ulf-ehlers.de | www.without-borders.org | www.qualityfoundation.org