Elements of Port Logistics2011 ii

ELEMENTS OF PORT LOGISTICSOperational Method in the Most Important Grain Terminal in Brazil Egberto Fioravanti Ribeiro Copyright ©2001-2011Egberto F Ribeiro Slides Descriptive of the Book Curitiba – 2011 ISBN 978-85-906811-6-8 “Logística de Container e Procedimentos Author – Publisher Em Importação e Exportação”. 1 1

FOREIGN TRADE PLANNING INFLUENCE: Your Country – Commerce Zone INTERNATIONAL TRADING: Borders – Worldwide GOODS: Ore – Agriculture – Frozen – Industrial – Services EXEMPTION STORAGE DAYS: 3 to 15 Days for Exportation TRANSPORTATION: Highway – Railroad – Air/Waterway PRIMARY ZONE: Ports – Airports – Borders SUPERVISION: National – International (Agreements) OPERATION: Public Terminal – Private Terminal 2

ELEMENTS OF PORT LOGISTICSOperational Method in the Most Important Grain Terminal in Brazil Paranagua Port 2010 – 38.2 million tons (Statistics Inbound/Outbound are only at quay) Draft – 13.30m Container Yard – 350.000m² Vehicle Yard – 9.000 cars/day Grain Truck Yard – 1.000 Truck/day Grain Wagon Yard – 2.000Wagon/day Grain Terminals Public & Private Daily Storage: 985.000 tons Daily Loading: 100.000tons Terminals Private: Fertilizer, Chemicals, Frost, Paper, Container Public: Fuel, Gas & Alcohol Project Horizontal Public Silo 100.000 tons Public Hub Port (Well`s Point) Draft – 21m 3

Pilot & Tugboat Tally Clerk Tally Clerk Protector Berthing OGMO Watchman Chief Agent Wage Syndicate Box Repair Planner Water Stevedore Fuel / Repair1- Captain Stevedor Equipment & Foreman Health2- 1st Officer Agent Stevedoring Supervisor Private3- Comissary Supervisor Material Crane operator Port Employee4- Crew Operator Bridge Operator Ship Driver Chandler Container Security, Terminal Navy Dredging, Grain Terminal Tally Clerk CAP- Port Customs Qualify Port Fertilizer Terminal Crane Operator Port Council Operator, Chemicals ForemanPublic Authority Authority Adm. Leasing Terminal Driver Sanitary Process Reefer Terminal Loader Syndicate Lower cost Oil Terminal President Steel Hub Port Tally ClerkPrivate Manager Ore Staff Crane Operator Paper Customs Employee Coordinator Foreman Staff Navy Container and/or OGMO Driver Sanitary Port Operator Syndicate LoaderImporterExporter GrainTruck Frozen P&ITugSupplier Industry Container Warehousing Engineer Who’s WhoMaintenance Customs OfficerTaxi-boatPilot Fuel Fertilizer Customs Broker Transportation in Port Logistics 4 Car

GOODS AND PACKING GOODS MUST BE PRODUCED FOR CONTAINER MEASURE International Contract: Packing – Weight – Pallet – WPM – Container General Cargo: Boxes – Bags – Cards – Bales – Drums – Container Grains in Natura: Bulk – Bags – Bales 20 – Container (1/2 height = 15t) Soya Meal: Bulk – Low/High Protein – Bags – Pellets – Container Large Units: Harvester – Truck – Bus – Special Containere – Hold/Deck Vehicles: Roll on/Roll off - Container – Used (no insurance) Liquids: Drums – Container Tank – Pipeline – Container Gaseous: Tank Container – Pipeline – Drums in Container 5

GENERAL CARGO STORAGE Cargo List Informs the characteristics of the goods. Storage planning. Free space to withdraw any lot. Cargo lots begin to arrive for storage. Verify quality of machine operators. Registration of Invoice, receipt the driver freight charter. Marks, quantity, lots, ships, port destinations. Move away 3‟ from walls. Passage of people and fire extinguishers. Keep in a spare capacity the same lots per vessel. Do not mix large packs with small packs on the same stack. Loading of general cargo and reels of paper. Ships Operate: 1st Unloading – 2nd Loading 6

BULK STORAGE Weighing Truck Register. Do not lean against the wall (damages the property). Cereals meal or pellets form compact storage in pyramid , like wall Take care with cargo slides from compact storage over Pay Loader Do the wooden barrier 1/3 of the height of the wall. Do not separate cereals with Sidings (mix). Cereal powder in suspension is flammable. Take care with powder on conveyor, chain conveyor, bucket elevator, jet sling or loading pipes. Barley malt powder is explosive. Store it in open horizontal silos, never in silo bins. Gutters on soya meal or pellets cause fermentation and spontaneous combustion. Sharps in vertical silos adhere to the structure. Compressed material as pellets adhere to side structure and destroys silo bins. Soya meal Hi/Lo or Pellets only on horizontal warehouse. Tunnels or underground lines use electrical wires with steel protection against rats. 7 Don‟t let people get down inside a bin with grain, the decompression will suck him.

STORAGE METHODS BULK TERMINALSVertical Silos: Smooth grain and dry – weather – insects – animals – explosionHorizontal Silos: Soya meal – Hi/Lo – pellets – combustion – ventilationTanks: Liquid fuels – gaseous – Chemical – Alcohol – OilsBulk: Open patio – Bulk fertilizers – Salt – Coal – Ore GENERAL CARGOWarehouses: Covered Area – Export – Import – Refrigerated – Open SkyUncovered Area: Machines – Extra-weight /High – Vehicles – Containers – Drums BULK LIQUIDSFlammable: liquid and gaseous – Pipe line – tanks – Term-asphaltChemicals: liquid and gaseous – Pipe line – tanks – open patio depositsVegetable oils: liquids – pasty – Pipe line – tanks – Pump trailer 25hp 8

MEANS OF TRANSPORTATIONROAD TO THE PORT OR INTERMODAL Direct to the port: Cereals – Pellets – Paper – Plywood – Container Indirect through warehouse: Container – Plywood – Chemical Intermodal: Container – Steel – Cereals – Plywood – Paper – FrozenRAIL TO THE PORT OR INTERMODAL Direct to the port: Paper – Plywood – Wood – Container Indirect through terminals: Cereals – Pellets – Chemicals – Container Intermodal: Container – Steel – Cereals – Plywood – Paper – FrozenWATERWAY TO THE PORT OR INTERMODAL Intermodal: Paper – Plywood – Cereals – Cement – Container Indirect through terminals: Cereals – Fertilizer – Container – Barges Direct through terminals: Barges – Frozen – Container 9

Control Tower PRE STACKING - INTERMODAL WallWall Chassis Parking 45° or 60° - Fish Spine  Transponder  Scanner  Truck Scale  Camera/Monitor  Transponder  Scanner  Truck Scale  Camera/Monitor (Interface Multimodal) Transtainer Sobre Pneus Transponder Scanner Wagon Scale Pre-stacking Intermodal, containers 20’ and 40’ are moved from wagons to chassis parking, alongside one to each other on Blocks with bay and number. Wall Chassis Store 10

SECURITY AT PRIMARY ZONE PORT OF MIAMIElectronics are according the ISPS CODE effects. There is no inward gate at the island bridge.Port Facility Protection is not well done, must be supported by navy. Wall 5m high in concreteinstead wired fence. Security fail, office has easy access to anyone. Same trouble in airports. 11

PRIMARY ZONESecurity National: Federal – Foreign Relations – Environmental Laws – Facilities International: IMO – ISPS CODE – Ports – Shipyards – Transshipment Staff: IPE – Training – ISPS Goods: IMO – WPM – IPPC – IBAMA – ISPM15 Physical Security: Port Facility with concrete wall 5m high, military guardOrdinances and regulations Cargo List: Receiving and delivery of goods Operation: Average rates – Storage – Trimming – Pre Stacking Compulsory deposit: Retention of Cereals (0,5% to 5,0%) Fire, Rain, wind storm. Rule and Orders: Silos – Warehousing – Mooring – Berthing Tariff and Rules: Shipper – Carrier – Port Operator 12

CUSTOMS and CARGO INSPECTION Import declaration: Primary zone – Customs Area – Depositary Transport: Invoice – DTA – Cargo Manifest – MIC – B/L – Master – Seal Warehousing: Receipt – Day – Goods – Quant – Lot – Mark – Ship – Port – Place Mantra: (Internet) Date – Mark – Lot – Weight – Quantity – Place Brazilian Customs Canals for Nationalization: Siscomex (Internet) Canals: Green, Yellow, Gray, Red and Blue. Green (immediate release by the Siscomex, 80% without inspection) - Internet Yellow (Documentary Inspection by the Auditor in Customs) Gray (Analysis of values of goods and Taxes by the Customs Officer) Red (Physical Inspection of merchandise and NBM by Technical and Customs Officer) Blue (Few Companies are Enabled) Release in 8 hours, or 7 days to others. Inspection: Ex-Officio – By Request (Importer/carrier/insurer/depositary) Nationalization: DI – Re-export – Transshipment – Return Costing: Freight – ARFMM – Insurance – IPI – Port Tariffs – THC – ICMS – OGMO13 13

STORAGE GENERAL CARGO – BULK CARGO – INFLAMMABLE – LIQUID – CONTAINER REQUIREMENTS: Exp/Imp Cargo List – Chose the place for lots storage WAREHOUSING: Marks – Lots – Destination – Quantity – Weight – Height – Ship SHIPS: Crane – Bridge – Portainer – Tanks – Dunnage of cargo SQUARE – TANK – CELL: Lots – Mark – Goods – Pool – Bay PORTS: Sequence – Separation – Height – Weight – Quantity TONNAGE: Bulk – Container – Balance – Ship loading scale – Operating Hours SAMPLE: Laboratory – Inspection – Certificates of Quality and Weight COSTING: Storage – OGMO – THC – Taxes and tariffs – Freight – Insurance 14

CONTAINER STUFFING (Loading) PACKAGES: Length – Width – Height – Weight STUFFING: FCL (Full Container Load) – LCL (Less than Container Load) LOT: Homogeneous packages – Heterogeneous packages VOLUME: Same weight – Diverse weight CONTAINER MODE: FCL/FCL – LCL/LCL – FCL/LCL – LCL/FCL (Origin/destiny) ONLY LOT: Weight compatible with container 20 or 40 „ – To keep container balance MULTIPLE LOTS: Heavy – Light – Medium – Marks – Destinations RETURN OR RE-EXPORT: Remove cargo (Customs: after 90 days goes to Bid) PRE STACKING: Shipment in less than 48 hours 15

IMPORTS IN CONTAINER TO UNLOAD LCL CONTAINER: Merchandise in container for Ship‟s Convenience (Immediately) FCL CONTAINER: Container delivered directly to the importer (Not Allowed to Open) SEALS: Verify the seal number and the overall state of seal (broken, glue, bent, false) DAMAGE in CONTAINER: Smashed 5 cm, holes, folds, broken floor and parts OPENING: Only the Customs Officer can authorize the breaking of seal LOTS OF GOODS: Depoted on demarcate squares – one piece of height DAMAGE in CONTAINER LCL: Term of damage to goods in LCL in 24 hours. TERM of DAMAGE: Signed by the Carrier Agent and Terminal. DAMAGE TO CONTAINER FCL: No Term of Damage. Survey exempts the terminal. NOTE OF DISCHARGE OR MANTRA: Delivery to Customs and Importer in 24h. 16

MOORING – Port Authority – Port Terminal REQUEST for MOORING: Protector Agent Asks for Mooring to Navy – Buoy tax WAITED SHIP: Protector Agent Notifies ETA to Public Agencies and Terminal NOTICE of ANCHORS: Commander Informs the location and time of anchor (Log Book) NOTICE OF READNESS : Commander issues of “ready” (ship is ready to load) CALL for MOORING : Terminal calls the ship for berthing PILOT and TUGBOAT: Agent asks for pilot, this asks for Tugboats END of MOORING: When lowering the main staircase, the gangway. LAYTIME: After the dockworkers are allowed to go on board, the contract begins. SHIFFITING: Move the ship from one berth to another (several ships beneficiary pays). ETD: Estimated Time of Delivery: At the end of the operation, the ship departure. 17

LOADING OF GENERAL CARGO – I PLANNING: Meeting between Terminal and Port Operator to discuss the operation CHASSIS: Distance between ship and warehouse suggests the amount of chassis WORKFORCE OGMO: Port Operators require men for stowage on board WORKFORCE OGMO: Port Operator requires men for warehouses and equipment GROUND EQUIPMENT: Forklifts, cranes, chassis and trucks ON-BOARD EQUIPMENT: Cranes, bridges and forklifts LOT REQUEST: Supervisor on board requests the Terminal, the loading sequence Lot SHIPPING of LOTS: Requested lots are sent and checked-out the system list. STOWAGE: Supervisor directs stevedores where to place the goods (Cargo Plan) TYING: Goods are tied with steel cables, nylon, wood (stevedores) 18

LOADIING GENERAL CARGO – II Loading of general cargo. Unloading of reels of paper Import manifests, letters and receipts Ships Operate: 1st Unloading – 2nd Loading How many tones per hour each truck, chassis or wagon can carry? How many vehicles are necessary to load 300t/h paper? How many vehicles are necessary to load 300t/h general cargo? Transit time of loaded vehicles from warehouse to vessel Loading time of vehicles in the warehouse. Cargo unloading time at the ship Empty vehicles turn around time at the warehouse. Determine the number of trucks, chassis or wagons and forklifts. (four forklifts for truck) Personnel and documentation are correctly established? 19

CARGO PLAN REEFER SHIP Sharjah – Kwait – Damman STOWAGE PLAN OF THE: SAN MARINO Bahrain Voyage 02 –//– March 99 4A KHIYAMI 3A FEDERALFOODS 435 Pal 2AFEDERAL FOODS 349 Pal 1A AL KHAN 254 Pal Chickens Griller/Broiler ChikenParts/Sausages Chickens Broiler Griller Chicken Parts/Sausage 490 Pallets Chickens Broiler Chickens Griller AL KHAN – 85 Pallets SHARJAH SHARJAH SHARJAH SHARJAH 4B AL SAGER 3B AL SAGER 2B KHIYAMI 1B KHIYAMI Chickens/Griller/Broiler Chickens/Griller/Broiler Chickens Griller/Broiler Chickens Griller/Broiler 400 Pallets 167 Pallets 400 Pallets 454 Pallets KWAIT KWAIT SHARJAH SHARJAH 4C AL SAGER 3C AL SAGER 2C AL SAGER 1C AL SAGER Chickens/Griller/Broiler Chickens/Griller/Broiler Chickens/Griller/Broiler Chickens/Griller/Broiler 215 Pallets 474 Pallets 375 Pallets 100 Pallets KWAIT KWAIT KWAIT KWAIT 3D ABBAR & ZAINY 2D ABBAR & ZAINY 1DTRAFCO ABBAR & ZAINY #4 – 1105 Pallets ChikenParts/Sausages ChikenParts/Sausages Chickens Chikens Griller Chickens Broiler Chickens Broiler 38 Pallets 46 Pallets 443 Pallets 322 Pallets DAMMAN DAMMAN BAHRAIN DAMMAN 3E TRAFCO 2E TRAFCO #1 – 605 PalletsSHIPS CAPACITY ChickensParts/Sausage Chickens Griller Grand Total of Cargoes 5.685 PALLETS Broiler/Griller- 415Pallets 223Pallets 543.582 Cartoons BAHRAIN BAHRAIN 5.836.144 Kg Net Wgt #3 – 2221 Pallets #2 – 1754 Pallets 5.911 Pallets 20

GENERAL CARGO PLAN Hold 3 Cargo Plan Bow Cargo Plan Forward PS SB Port 400 Skids 400 Skids #1 Merchandise Car Parts 50 tons Cardan Joint Yokohama 50 tons Weight Yokohama #2 Steel Bars Package 400 tons Kobe #3 Mark 250 Skids Aluminium 200 Skids Cylinder Engine Heads Block Lot 50 tons Yokohama 50 tons Yokohama #4 Height Balance Port Side Afterward Starboard Stern 21

BULK LOADING - I PLANNING: Meeting between Terminal and Port Operator to discuss the operation STAFF: Port Operator requires from OGMO the stevedores for trimming on holds TERMINAL: Maintenance, Silos, machine operators, loading scale, SL, loading pipe EQUIPMENT: Pay Loaders, Tripper, Scales, Conveyors, Ship Loaders, Joy Stick VESSEL CREW: Open/close holds, ballast control, ship‟s balance, tide control cable, LOT REQUEST: Supervisor asks the Terminal the sequence of lots (pool). LOTS SENDING: Lots are sent a according the Cargo Plan STOWAGE: Deck Cleaning and Trimming by Stevedores TRIMMING: The grain cargo is scattered on the hatch cover by pay loader or stevedores 22

TRIMMING WITH BULLDOZERNAVIGATION LIGHT BALANCE LIGHTS NAVIGATION LIGHT SL Conveyor Wing Tank Cargo Hatch CAIS Loading Pipe PONTOON PELLETS 23

TRIMMING ON HATCH COVER BALANCE LIGHTS BALANCE LIGHTS NAVIGATION LIGTH Trimmer = Stevedore WING TANK Hatch CoverQuay Stowage Factor m³ PONTOON tons (soya 0,75%) Pellets Stowage Factor for Grain: 0,75ton/m³ 24

THE TIMES AND MOVEMENTS  Each company analyzes the capacity of its own equipment. Forklift 4 tons (50t/h) Crane: 30 movement/hour (45t/h) Cargo boom: 15 movement/hour (30t/h) Portainer: 20 movement/hour (500t/h) Bucket Elevator (90t/h) Conveyor Belt (Max 1.500t/h) Unloader (90 t/h) Grab 12 tons (450t/h) Portainer: 20 movment/hour (400t/h) 25

BULK LOADING – II HOLD SHIFTING – Every 1.000 tons. IT IS IMPERATIVE THE GRADUAL LOADING OF BULK CARGO FOR DO NOT BREAK THE SHIP. STOP LOADING: Supervisor asks the SL Operator for hold shifting. CONTROL PANEL: Scale operator closes all slide valves for conveyors run to empty. SHIP LOADER: SL Operator waits for conveyor cleaning till the loading pipe be empty. HOLD SHIFTING: Operator moves his SL to indicated hatch. Care with wheels on cable. RESTART LOADING: SL Operator orders the Scale Operator to open the slide valves. SHIP BALANCE: First officer, Supervisor or Chief notices the red light is on at starboard, so he orders the Joy Stick Operator to move the loading pipe to portside. REGISTER: All events have receipt registered by printers. The loading is followed by tally clerks from companies, from the Terminal, syndicates, supervision companies. The Terminal will notice the Authorities by report. Customs follow the loading by cameras 24h/7days, to prevent against criminals trying to start loading operation. It happens 26 when inspectors and workforce are no more in the Terminal at dawn.

BULK LOADING III – TRIMMING TRIMMING: Supervisor asks for some tons to Control Panel for hold trimming. PAY LOADER OR BULLDOZER ON BOARD: The trimming into the hold is done by hands or with a machine. In this case, will be necessary a crane to load a bulldozer. FINISH OF TRIMMING: After trimming finishes, unload machines to restart loading. Attention when the grand total is near to 50 tons to finish. LAST TRIMMING: When the cargo is over the hatch cover, proceed the last Trimming to finish the loading. The ship loading scale works at 12 tons each time. During last trimming, the tons will be sent under the manual mode. HOW TO FINISH THE LAST HOLD. Ex:. The calculations show there is a lack of 8.700kg to complete the ship‟s loading. The tonnage hatch has a place to 15 tons, but there is a pile of cargo 1,5 meter above the center of the hatch cover and there is no place for a pay loader. The cargo must be done by a stevedore gang with shovel. After the gang finishes to fill the places below the deck, the loading must go on. The Supervisor notices the Scale Operator to send part of the last lot. The operator opens the bin to send only 8.700 kg to the conveyor. When the cargo arrives to upper scale reservoir, he sends 3 tons to underneath loading reservoir each time till finish. 27

CONTAINER TERMINAL OPERATION PLANNING: Meeting between Terminal and Port Operator to discuss the operation CONTAINER TERMINAL: Consolidation – Deconsolidation – Pre-Stacking CONSOLIDATION: Warehouse or Yard where goods are filled into Containers DECONSOLIDATION: Warehouse or Yard where goods are taken out from Containers PRE-STACKING: Ship – Port – Weight – Measure – Bay (Bay, Row, Tier) SHIP EQUIPMENTS: Portainer – Gantry Crane – Crane – Cargo Boom PORT EQUIPMENTS: Transtainer – Top Loader – Chassis – Straddle Carrier – Yard Truck PORT PERSONAL: Terminal – OGMO Syndicates – Customs – Users Employers TRANSPORT: Carrier truck – Chassis – Mafi – Straddle Carrier BOARD PERSONAL: OGMO Syndicates – Gantry Operator – Driver – Supervisor – Crew BAY: Ship Section numbered and divided in: Deck, Hold, Boards, Row, Tier, where 28 containers are placed. Registers indicate Bay – Row – Tier .

GRAIN UNLOADING I PLANNING: Meeting between Terminal and Port Operator to discuss the operation OGMO – SHIP: Port Operator asks to OGMO stevedores and tally clerks OGMO – TERMINAL: Tally clerks for notes, permissions and scale truck station PORT FACILITIES: Cranes, grabs, funnels, trucks, conveyor for bulk unloading EQUIPMENT ON BOARD: Cranes on board, Pay loaders, bulldozer UNLOAD OF LOTS: Supervisor orders to unload lots from holds, as the discharge plan LOT FINISH: The lots are finished by turn; from larger to smaller. TRIMMING: Stevedores clean the cargoes on hold frames and on deck. FINISH REPORT: Port Operator register the lack of cargo till 5% to smaller lot . 29

GRAIN UNLOADING II UNLOADING RATES: Always to exceed the unloading highest rate TERMINAL EQUIPAMENT: Crane – grab – funnel – conveyors – maintenance TRANSPORT: Trucks – wagons – conveyors – truck and wagon scales LOSSES ON TRANSPORT: Waiting vehicle line – pouring of grain – urban traffic STORAGE: Primary zone – Retroport (area alongside the port) – Direct to Inland TRUCK SCALE: Truck weighing and designate vehicles for the last lot. SECURITY: Pay loader weigh for trimming and steel cables capacity for loading BALLASTER: Ballaster water drained on the quay FINISHING OF UNLOADING: To clean the deck, quay, streets and leftovers 30

GENERAL CARGO OPERATION Unloading General Cargo and Loading Reel of Paper. Ships Operate: 1st Unloading – 2nd Loading How many tons per hour each truck can to transport? How many trucks/wagons will be necessary to average rate of 300tons /h? Time to load a truck in the warehouse. Determine the number of forklifts. Time of traffic per loaded truck/wagon from warehouse to ship. Distance to drive. Time to unload a truck/wagon along the ship‟s hull. Time of truck/wagon return from ship to warehouse. Orders of Execution and sequences of Lots. Import Manifests, letters for Customs are ready? Damage Receipt must be signed in 24h. Beyond this time, loses the right of claim. 31

LOADING OF VEGETABLE OILS DOCKING BIRTH: Rails and quay access are free of obstruction? TERMINAL PIPELINE: Air – Surface – Underground TRUCKS OR WAGONS: Loading by pumps trailer (25 hp) PUMPS ALONGSIDE THE SHIP: Payment of bill by energy consumption (HP/h) OIL TERMINAL: Pumping first with water and rubber separator, after with oil. TRUCK WEIGHING STATION: Vehicle scale of the Port Terminal. WEIGHING at OIL VEGETABLE TERMINAL: Tons inside the tanks by ruler and buoy height metering, or immersion of measuring tape into the tank to calculate cubic meters. CERTIFICATES: Inspection by accredited Certifier Company SECURITY: The ship may have tanks loaded with flammables products. 32

HUB PORT - EQUIPMENTS Berthing quay, Portainers for Triple-e ships. Berthing quay, Portainers for Feeders ships. Transtainers for Pre-Stacking Transtainers over wheels Straddle Carrier Top Loader Gantry for 100 tons. Cranes for 6t, 12t, 24t and 48t. Barges with cranes. Trucks and Chassis. 33

HUB PORT – Transshipment – Feeder < > Triple-eImp/Exp. Letters for Transshipment: Signed by Customs. B/L: Feeder ship – Hub Port – Triple-e, Nr of trip, Port. Berthing for Feeder: Quay for Feeder. Discharging of Containers 20’ e 40’: Pre-Stacking Triple-e. Loading of Containers 20’ e 40’: Pre-Stacking Feeder.Imp/Exp. Letters for Transshipment: Signed by Customs. B/L: Ship Triple-e – Hub Port – Feeder, Nr of trip, Port. Berthing for Triple-e: Quay for Triple-e. Discharging of Containers 20’ e 40’: Pre-Stacking Feeder. Loading of Containers 20’ e 40’: Pre-Stacking Triple-e. 34

Triple-e Ship (12.000 a 18.000 TEUS) Economy of Scale Eficiency Energy Enviromentally ImprovedInbound Inbound & Outbound Transshipment Feeder One Triple-e Ship Takes Import Feeder Containers to Several Feeders HUB Triple-e PORT Feeder Feeder Feeder 35

Outbound Inbound & Outbound Transshipment Feeder Feeder Several Feeder Vessels take Export HUB Feeder Container to One Ship Triple-e.Triple-e PORT Feeder Feeder 36

Transshipment of Containers Triple-e 15.000 TEUS USA Feeder Canada Pre-Stacking Pre-Stacking Mexico1200 TEUS For Feeder Venezuela For Triple-e Brazil Paraguay England Germany Feeder Pre-Stacking Pre-Stacking Holand1200 TEUS For Feeder For Triple-e France Spain Portugal Feeder Pre-Stacking Pre-Stacking Italy1200 TEUS For Feeder For Triple-e GreeceOutgoing Coasters Exports Imports 37

Container Logistics andProcedures in Importation and Exportation ISBN 978-85-906811-6-8 www.scribd.com/Egfior The slides are part of the book Copyright©2001–2011Egberto F Ribeiro Contact egfior@yahoo.com Curitiba – 2011 Author – Publisher 38

Elements of Port Logistics2011 ii

by Egfior on Sep 18, 2011

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