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Sönke Hartz
Archaeological State
Museum Schleswig
Flint ramaterials from
the Baltic coast of
Schleswig-Holstein
grey Scandinavian
Danianflint
grey and dark grey
Scandinavian
Senonian Flint
Blue striped grey Senonian Flint
(„Falster flint“)
light grey or white Danianflint
Neolithic axe production
Neanderthal Finds
in Northern Germany?
Handaxe from Hiddensee: France?Ice front
c. 22.000 ky calBC
Levallois Core from Südensee: ?? Handaxe? from
Schleswig/Schlei
Middle Paleolithic Flint Artifacts
from western Schleswig-
Holstein
Early Colonisation of NW-Germany
Hamburgian Culture
Late Paleolithic
Federmesser and Bromme Cultures
Dissemination Bromme/Federmesser sites
Late Paleolithic
Ahrensburgian Culture
(LBI)
Late Paleolithic/early Mesolithic –
Transition
Long Blade Industries
C14-dates LBI-sites in GB
and N-F c. 9500-9600 calBC
Nörregaard IV
Late Paleolithic: Blade production
Mesolithic
Microlithisation…
Barmose-Group Sealand
…from tanged points to simple points
and to small trapezes
Preboreal Duvensee Sites
Site 8: 9.000 – 8.600 cal BC
Site 9: 9.100 – 8.600 cal BC
Holst 2008
Preboreal Friesack Sites
Site 4 (oldest layers) and site 27
Early Mesolithic
Preboreal Maglemose Culture
Middle Mesolithic
Boreal Maglemose Culture
Boreal Duvensee Sites
Site 21: 8.100 – 7.900 cal BC
Site 6: 8.400 – 7.800 cal BC
Site 1: 8.500 – 8.300 cal BC
Site 11: 8.700 – 8.300 cal BC
Site 2: 8.700 – 7.800 cal BC
Bokelmann 2011
Middle Mesolithic
Late Boreal Maglemose Culture
Late Boreal Sites
Duvensee site 13: c. 7.400 - 6.900 cal BC
Lentföhrden LA 46: 7.940 – 7.610 cal BC
Maglemose Culture: Blade technology
Barmose Group
( ex. EBP Phase M 0)
c. 8800 -7900 calBC
BP Phase M 1/ M 2
7900-7200 calBC
EBP Phase M 3
7200- c. 6800 calBC
EBP Phase M 4 / M5
c. 6800-6400 calBC
M. Sörensen 2003
Late Mesolithic
Kongemose Culture (c. 6500- 5500 calBC)
Sörensen 1996
Stoltenberg
Bordesholm
SEEDORF
Dreggers
SATRUP
Late Mesolithic
Kongemose Culture/Trapeze Mesolithic
in Schleswig-Holstein
Dissemination of Kongemose/Trapeze sites
Late Mesolithic
Kongemose Culture
Advanced Macroblade Technology and
Blade Tools
Late Mesolithic
Kongemose Culture
Microblade Technology
Callahan 1984
Terminal Mesolithic
Ertebølle Culture (pre-ceramic)
(c. 5500- 4600 clBC)
Strande
Lübeck-
Priwall
Wintershagen
Rosenfelde
(partly) excavated sites
sum: 6
sites with organic
materials/pottery
sum: 12
findspots with flint artifacts
sum: 33
Coastal sites from Late EBK and Early TBK
(c. 4500- 3800 calBC)
Hohwacht
Late (ceramic) EBK
Early (pre-ceramic)EBK
Rosenhof
Neustadt
Wangels
Early TBK (Wangels/Flintbek)
Early TBK (Siggeneben-Süd))
Siggen-
eben
Rosenhof Flintartefacts
n = 5500
35%
2%
7%
0%
56%
flakes
tools
blades
cores
chips
Rosenhof Tools
n = 130
27%
18%
6%
15%
1%
12%
21%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
Rosenhof site (new excavation 2001-2002)
(c. 4800- 4500 cal BC)
1
2
3
4
11
1%
Neustadt Flintartefacts
n = 55.000
32%
55%
2%
11%
0%
flakes
tools
blades
cores
chips
Neustadt Tools
n = 1300
21%
1%
4%
48%
0%
6%
20%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
Neustadt site (2000-2006)
(c. 4500 - 3800 cal BC)
1
2
3
Wangels Flintartefacts
n = 80.000
42%
54%
0% 3%
1%
flakes
tools
blades
cores
chips
Wangels Tools
n = 860
38%
0%7%
32%
0% 9%
14%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
Wangels site (1996-1999)
(c. 4300- 3700 cal BC)
1
2
3
Siggeneben-Süd Flintartefacts
n = 12.000
48%
3%
2%
45%
2%
flakes
tools
blades
cores
chips
Siggeneben-Süd Tools
n = 275
20%
2%
8%
4%
4%
17%
8%
37%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
polished artefacts
Siggeneben-Süd site (1974-1976)
(c. 4100 - 3600 cal BC)
1
2
3
Rosenhof Tools
27%
18%
6%
15%
1%
12%
21%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
Core axes: 18 %
Flake axes: 27 %
Neustadt Tools
21%
1%
4%
48%
0%
6%
20%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
Core axes: 1 %
Flake axes: 21 %
Rosenhof Tools
27%
18%
6%
15%
1%
12%
21%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
Transverse arrowheads: 15 %
Neustadt Tools
21%
1%
4%
48%
0%
6%
20%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
Transverse arrowheads: 48 %
Rosenhof
Neustadt
Rosenhof Tools
27%
18%
6%
15%
1%
12%
21%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
scrapers: 21 %
Neustadt Tools
21%
1%
4%
48%
0%
6%
20%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
scrapers: 20 %
Siggeneben-Süd
Tools
20%
2%
8%
4%
4%
17%
8%
37%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
polished artefacts
Wangels Tools
38%
0%7%
32%
0% 9%
14%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
Siggeneben-Süd
Tools
20%
2%
8%
4%
4%
17%
8%
37%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
polished artefacts
Wangels Tools
38%
0%7%
32%
0% 9%
14%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
Siggeneben-Süd
Tools
20%
2%
8%
4%
4%
17%
8%
37%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
polished artefacts
Wangels Tools
38%
0%7%
32%
0% 9%
14%
flakeaxes
coreaxes
scrapers
borers
transv. arrowheads
burins
part. ret. pieces
Wangels
Siggeneben-Süd
Core axes: < 1 %
Flake axes: 38 %
Core axes: 2 %
Flake axes: 20 %
Transverse arrowheads: 32 %
Transverse arrowheads: 4 %
scrapers: 14 %
scrapers: 37 %
Rosenhof blade technique
n=378
36%
54%
10%
direct hard
punch
indifferent
Neustadt blade technique
n=500
44%
48%
8%
direct hard
punch
indifferent
Wangels blade technique
n=500
38%
55%
7%
direct hard
punch
indifferent
Siggeneben-Süd
blade technique
n=407
75%
17%
8%
direct hard
punch
indifferent
4800 - 4500 cal BC
4500 - 3800 cal BC
4300 - 3700 cal BC
4100 - 3600 cal BC
Blade production
Ertebölle and early TBK
Thank you for your attention
The state of research about flint-tools in Northern Germany - OpenArch Conference, Albersdorf 2013
Task V: Re-evaluation of the
economic background of the
Mesolithic Duvensee bog sites
Hazelnut harvest was certainly
very important on the temporary
camp sites in Duvensee.
However, specialized hazelnut
roasting hearths are only proven
for some of the early Boreal sites.
Radiocarbon
dates of Stone
Age sites in
Duvensee bogSubboreal / Neolithic
Wpl. 15: 4.800 – 4.300 cal BP
Wpl. 17: 5.500 – 5.400 cal BP
Early Atlantic / Mesolithic
Wpl.19b: 8.600 – 8.400 cal BP
Wpl.19a: 9.000 – 8.700 cal BP
Late Boreal / Mesolithic
Wpl. 13: 9.900 – 9.700 cal BP
Early Boreal / Mesolithic
Wpl. 21: 10.100 – 9.900 cal BP
Wpl. 6: 10.400 – 9.900 cal BP
Wpl. 1: 10.500 – 10.200 cal BP
Wpl. 11: 10.700 – 10.300 cal BP
Wpl. 2: 10.800 – 10.400 cal BP
Late Preboreal / Mesolithic
Wpl. 8: 11.100 – 10.700 cal BP
Wpl. 9: 11.100 – 10.700 cal BP

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The state of research about flint-tools in Northern Germany - OpenArch Conference, Albersdorf 2013

  • 2. Flint ramaterials from the Baltic coast of Schleswig-Holstein grey Scandinavian Danianflint grey and dark grey Scandinavian Senonian Flint
  • 3. Blue striped grey Senonian Flint („Falster flint“) light grey or white Danianflint Neolithic axe production
  • 4. Neanderthal Finds in Northern Germany? Handaxe from Hiddensee: France?Ice front c. 22.000 ky calBC Levallois Core from Südensee: ?? Handaxe? from Schleswig/Schlei
  • 5. Middle Paleolithic Flint Artifacts from western Schleswig- Holstein
  • 6. Early Colonisation of NW-Germany Hamburgian Culture
  • 7. Late Paleolithic Federmesser and Bromme Cultures Dissemination Bromme/Federmesser sites
  • 9. (LBI) Late Paleolithic/early Mesolithic – Transition Long Blade Industries C14-dates LBI-sites in GB and N-F c. 9500-9600 calBC Nörregaard IV
  • 11. Mesolithic Microlithisation… Barmose-Group Sealand …from tanged points to simple points and to small trapezes
  • 12. Preboreal Duvensee Sites Site 8: 9.000 – 8.600 cal BC Site 9: 9.100 – 8.600 cal BC Holst 2008 Preboreal Friesack Sites Site 4 (oldest layers) and site 27 Early Mesolithic Preboreal Maglemose Culture
  • 13. Middle Mesolithic Boreal Maglemose Culture Boreal Duvensee Sites Site 21: 8.100 – 7.900 cal BC Site 6: 8.400 – 7.800 cal BC Site 1: 8.500 – 8.300 cal BC Site 11: 8.700 – 8.300 cal BC Site 2: 8.700 – 7.800 cal BC Bokelmann 2011
  • 14. Middle Mesolithic Late Boreal Maglemose Culture Late Boreal Sites Duvensee site 13: c. 7.400 - 6.900 cal BC Lentföhrden LA 46: 7.940 – 7.610 cal BC
  • 15. Maglemose Culture: Blade technology Barmose Group ( ex. EBP Phase M 0) c. 8800 -7900 calBC BP Phase M 1/ M 2 7900-7200 calBC EBP Phase M 3 7200- c. 6800 calBC EBP Phase M 4 / M5 c. 6800-6400 calBC M. Sörensen 2003
  • 16. Late Mesolithic Kongemose Culture (c. 6500- 5500 calBC) Sörensen 1996
  • 17. Stoltenberg Bordesholm SEEDORF Dreggers SATRUP Late Mesolithic Kongemose Culture/Trapeze Mesolithic in Schleswig-Holstein Dissemination of Kongemose/Trapeze sites
  • 18. Late Mesolithic Kongemose Culture Advanced Macroblade Technology and Blade Tools
  • 20. Terminal Mesolithic Ertebølle Culture (pre-ceramic) (c. 5500- 4600 clBC) Strande Lübeck- Priwall Wintershagen Rosenfelde
  • 21. (partly) excavated sites sum: 6 sites with organic materials/pottery sum: 12 findspots with flint artifacts sum: 33 Coastal sites from Late EBK and Early TBK (c. 4500- 3800 calBC) Hohwacht Late (ceramic) EBK Early (pre-ceramic)EBK Rosenhof Neustadt Wangels Early TBK (Wangels/Flintbek) Early TBK (Siggeneben-Süd)) Siggen- eben
  • 22. Rosenhof Flintartefacts n = 5500 35% 2% 7% 0% 56% flakes tools blades cores chips Rosenhof Tools n = 130 27% 18% 6% 15% 1% 12% 21% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces Rosenhof site (new excavation 2001-2002) (c. 4800- 4500 cal BC) 1 2 3 4 11 1%
  • 23. Neustadt Flintartefacts n = 55.000 32% 55% 2% 11% 0% flakes tools blades cores chips Neustadt Tools n = 1300 21% 1% 4% 48% 0% 6% 20% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces Neustadt site (2000-2006) (c. 4500 - 3800 cal BC) 1 2 3
  • 24. Wangels Flintartefacts n = 80.000 42% 54% 0% 3% 1% flakes tools blades cores chips Wangels Tools n = 860 38% 0%7% 32% 0% 9% 14% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces Wangels site (1996-1999) (c. 4300- 3700 cal BC) 1 2 3
  • 25. Siggeneben-Süd Flintartefacts n = 12.000 48% 3% 2% 45% 2% flakes tools blades cores chips Siggeneben-Süd Tools n = 275 20% 2% 8% 4% 4% 17% 8% 37% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces polished artefacts Siggeneben-Süd site (1974-1976) (c. 4100 - 3600 cal BC) 1 2 3
  • 26. Rosenhof Tools 27% 18% 6% 15% 1% 12% 21% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces Core axes: 18 % Flake axes: 27 % Neustadt Tools 21% 1% 4% 48% 0% 6% 20% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces Core axes: 1 % Flake axes: 21 % Rosenhof Tools 27% 18% 6% 15% 1% 12% 21% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces Transverse arrowheads: 15 % Neustadt Tools 21% 1% 4% 48% 0% 6% 20% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces Transverse arrowheads: 48 % Rosenhof Neustadt Rosenhof Tools 27% 18% 6% 15% 1% 12% 21% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces scrapers: 21 % Neustadt Tools 21% 1% 4% 48% 0% 6% 20% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces scrapers: 20 %
  • 27. Siggeneben-Süd Tools 20% 2% 8% 4% 4% 17% 8% 37% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces polished artefacts Wangels Tools 38% 0%7% 32% 0% 9% 14% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces Siggeneben-Süd Tools 20% 2% 8% 4% 4% 17% 8% 37% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces polished artefacts Wangels Tools 38% 0%7% 32% 0% 9% 14% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces Siggeneben-Süd Tools 20% 2% 8% 4% 4% 17% 8% 37% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces polished artefacts Wangels Tools 38% 0%7% 32% 0% 9% 14% flakeaxes coreaxes scrapers borers transv. arrowheads burins part. ret. pieces Wangels Siggeneben-Süd Core axes: < 1 % Flake axes: 38 % Core axes: 2 % Flake axes: 20 % Transverse arrowheads: 32 % Transverse arrowheads: 4 % scrapers: 14 % scrapers: 37 %
  • 28. Rosenhof blade technique n=378 36% 54% 10% direct hard punch indifferent Neustadt blade technique n=500 44% 48% 8% direct hard punch indifferent Wangels blade technique n=500 38% 55% 7% direct hard punch indifferent Siggeneben-Süd blade technique n=407 75% 17% 8% direct hard punch indifferent 4800 - 4500 cal BC 4500 - 3800 cal BC 4300 - 3700 cal BC 4100 - 3600 cal BC Blade production Ertebölle and early TBK
  • 29. Thank you for your attention
  • 31. Task V: Re-evaluation of the economic background of the Mesolithic Duvensee bog sites Hazelnut harvest was certainly very important on the temporary camp sites in Duvensee. However, specialized hazelnut roasting hearths are only proven for some of the early Boreal sites.
  • 32. Radiocarbon dates of Stone Age sites in Duvensee bogSubboreal / Neolithic Wpl. 15: 4.800 – 4.300 cal BP Wpl. 17: 5.500 – 5.400 cal BP Early Atlantic / Mesolithic Wpl.19b: 8.600 – 8.400 cal BP Wpl.19a: 9.000 – 8.700 cal BP Late Boreal / Mesolithic Wpl. 13: 9.900 – 9.700 cal BP Early Boreal / Mesolithic Wpl. 21: 10.100 – 9.900 cal BP Wpl. 6: 10.400 – 9.900 cal BP Wpl. 1: 10.500 – 10.200 cal BP Wpl. 11: 10.700 – 10.300 cal BP Wpl. 2: 10.800 – 10.400 cal BP Late Preboreal / Mesolithic Wpl. 8: 11.100 – 10.700 cal BP Wpl. 9: 11.100 – 10.700 cal BP