Cooling Fundamentals for Small & Medium Businesses Bob Spengler, PE Product Manager Liebert Precision Cooling PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: The information contained in this presentation is the property of Emerson Network Power and is subject to change without notice. Except as specifically authorized in writing by Emerson Network Power, the holder of this presentation shall keep all information contained herein confidential and shall protect same in whole or in part from disclosure and dissemination to all third parties.

Agenda Typical Small Business Challenges To Cooling IT Equipment Cooling Basics – People Vs. Computers Special Environments That Computers Need Server Heat Trends Server Cooling - Four Design Keys Cooling Equipment By Heat Rejection Type

Typical Small Business Challenges To Cooling IT Equipment

Cooling Basics – People Vs. Computers

Special Environments That Computers Need

Server Heat Trends

Server Cooling - Four Design Keys

Cooling Equipment By Heat Rejection Type

Small Business Growth Relative to Computer Equipment Typical start-up business – 1-to- 2 computers, adding one computer for each person hired Businesses face transitions to servers @ 8-12 employees, allowing: Email Networking & file sharing Multiple users of databases & central 3 rd party applications Business-level security (virus, spyware, threats) Back-up strategy Remote/mobile users

Typical start-up business – 1-to- 2 computers, adding one computer for each person hired

Businesses face transitions to servers @ 8-12 employees, allowing:

Email

Networking & file sharing

Multiple users of databases & central 3 rd party applications

Business-level security (virus, spyware, threats)

Back-up strategy

Remote/mobile users

Small Business Growth Relative to Computer Equipment Pre-server Growth Strategy: Use building cooling systems Spread out computers in different rooms, if necessary Post-server Growth Strategy: Install server in a closet or office Spread out the servers over several rooms Use pedestal or box fans Call HVAC contractor to investigate why the building cooling systems will not keep the room cool. Rent a portable cooling system

Pre-server Growth Strategy:

Use building cooling systems

Spread out computers in different rooms, if necessary

Post-server Growth Strategy:

Install server in a closet or office

Spread out the servers over several rooms

Use pedestal or box fans

Call HVAC contractor to investigate why the building cooling systems will not keep the room cool.

Rent a portable cooling system

Agenda Typical Small Business Challenges To Cooling IT Equipment Cooling Basics – People Vs. Computers

Typical Small Business Challenges To Cooling IT Equipment

Cooling Basics – People Vs. Computers

Typical Sources of Heat

Cooling Basics - Know Your Heat Source People generate a mixture of heat energy types Sensible heat is the heat radiated, conducted and convected off of a person. This is the “dry” heat that can be measured by a typical thermometer. Latent heat is the moisture due to a person’s respiration and perspiration. This is the “wet” heat energy sensed by humidity sensors. A typical person, in an office setting, emits: 72 W of sensible heat energy 45 W of latent heat energy 117 W total energy. Only 62% is sensible.

People generate a mixture of heat energy types

Sensible heat is the heat radiated, conducted and convected off of a person. This is the “dry” heat that can be measured by a typical thermometer.

Latent heat is the moisture due to a person’s respiration and perspiration. This is the “wet” heat energy sensed by humidity sensors.

A typical person, in an office setting, emits:

72 W of sensible heat energy

45 W of latent heat energy

117 W total energy. Only 62% is sensible.

Cooling Basics - Know Your Heat Source Computers generate 100% sensible heat The electrical energy, used by the computer equipment, drives the processor and accessories. A fan circulates cooling air over the processor. Rack-mounted servers (computers) generate heat energy at tremendously higher rates than people Range from 200 - 30,000 W (0.02 - 30 kW) for a rack full of blade servers, in a slightly larger floorspace area of one seated person.

Computers generate 100% sensible heat

The electrical energy, used by the computer equipment, drives the processor and accessories.

A fan circulates cooling air over the processor.

Rack-mounted servers (computers) generate heat energy at tremendously higher rates than people

Range from 200 - 30,000 W (0.02 - 30 kW) for a rack full of blade servers, in a slightly larger floorspace area of one seated person.

Agenda Typical Small Business Challenges To Cooling IT Equipment Cooling Basics – People Vs. Computers Special Environments That Computers Need

Typical Small Business Challenges To Cooling IT Equipment

Cooling Basics – People Vs. Computers

Special Environments That Computers Need

Data Center & Equipment Trends Investigated & Solutions Proposed ASHRAE – American Society of Heating, Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers Formed a committee to investigate trends and make data center design recommendations. Partial List of Committee Members Intel, Sun, IBM, Dell, HP, Cisco, Cray Liebert, APC, Data Aire Mallory & Evans Lawrence Livermore Berkeley Labs, The Uptime Institute Flomerics, Innovative Research, Telcordia Technologies

ASHRAE – American Society of Heating, Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers

Formed a committee to investigate trends and make data center design recommendations.

Partial List of Committee Members

Intel, Sun, IBM, Dell, HP, Cisco, Cray

Liebert, APC, Data Aire

Mallory & Evans

Lawrence Livermore Berkeley Labs, The Uptime Institute

Flomerics, Innovative Research, Telcordia Technologies

ASHRAE Books on Data Center Issues “ Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments” - © 2004, ASHRAE Item 90431 “ Datacom Equipment Power Trends & Cooling Applications” - © 2005, ASHRAE Item 90427 90437 Publications available @ www.ashrae.org

“ Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments” - © 2004, ASHRAE Item 90431

“ Datacom Equipment Power Trends & Cooling Applications” - © 2005, ASHRAE Item 90427

First ASHRAE Book “ Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments” - © 2004, ASHRAE Item 90431 Equipment Environment Specifications Facility Temperature & Humidity Measurement Equipment and Facility Layout Equipment Manufacturers Heat & Airflow Reporting Publications available @ www.ashrae.org

“ Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments” - © 2004, ASHRAE Item 90431

Equipment Environment Specifications

Facility Temperature & Humidity Measurement

Equipment and Facility Layout

Equipment Manufacturers Heat & Airflow Reporting

Environmental Conditions Defined “ The conditions for Classes 1 through 4 are the result of consensus among the many environmental specifications of manufacturers of IT equipment.” Recommended “ Facilities should be designed and operated to target the recommended range.” Allowable “ Equipment should be designed to operate within the extremes of the allowable operating environment. In addition to the allowable dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity ranges, the maximum dew point and maximum elevation values are part of the allowable operating environment definitions”

“ The conditions for Classes 1 through 4 are the result of consensus among the many environmental specifications of manufacturers of IT equipment.”

Recommended

“ Facilities should be designed and operated to target the recommended range.”

Allowable

“ Equipment should be designed to operate within the extremes of the allowable operating environment. In addition to the allowable dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity ranges, the maximum dew point and maximum elevation values are part of the allowable operating environment definitions”

Environmental Class Definitions Class 4 “ Typically a point-of-sale or light industrial or factory environment……………” Class 3 “ Typically an office, home or transportable environment with little control of environmental parameters ( temperature only )………..”

Class 4

“ Typically a point-of-sale or light industrial or factory environment……………”

Class 3

“ Typically an office, home or transportable environment with little control of environmental parameters ( temperature only )………..”

Environmental Class Definitions Class 2 “ Typically an information technology space or office or lab environment with some control of environmental parameters ( dew point, temperature, and relative humidity ); types of products typically designed for this environment are small servers, storage products, personal computers, and workstations.” Class 1 “ Typically a data center with tightly controlled environmental parameters ( dew point, temperature, and relative humidity ) and mission critical operations ; types of products typically designed for this environment are enterprise servers and storage products.”

Class 2

“ Typically an information technology space or office or lab environment with some control of environmental parameters ( dew point, temperature, and relative humidity ); types of products typically designed for this environment are small servers, storage products, personal computers, and workstations.”

Class 1

“ Typically a data center with tightly controlled environmental parameters ( dew point, temperature, and relative humidity ) and mission critical operations ; types of products typically designed for this environment are enterprise servers and storage products.”

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