The quest for a more sustainable urban mobility in Brazil

The quest for a more sustainable urban mobility in Brazil Prof. Luis Antonio Lindau, PhD President of CTS-Brasil

Back in the 80’s, Brazil was the country to go for high-performance bus priority schemes

World Bank report (1987) ( 1 )

classified some of the bus priority schemes in Brazil as:

“… the most imaginative and radical bus priority measures carried out anywhere in the world”.

( 1 ) Staff Appraisal Report: 4th Urban Transport Project - Brazil. Report no. 6426a-BR. World Bank, Washington, USA.

But then came our economic depression of the 90’s: informality challenged regulated transportation Fuente: NTUrbano - Ano IX - n 89 Maio/Abril/2002 www.ntu.org.br NILTON FUKUDA/AE - BLog do Estadão - Agencia Estado

Brazil: 36 cities with more than 500,000 inhabitants… (IBGE, 2006) .. and: all these 36 cities are obliged to make “Urban Mobility Plans” Now, after a long depression period, Brazilian economy is growing again…

... but, as the ownership of private vehicles increases, so does congestion and emissions, and... Source: ABRACICLO & ANFAVEA

… our buses trapped in traffic keep losing clients; 1/3 of the demand vanished in 10 years! Is São Paulo a one only revival case?

So, the newly elected Brazilian mayors (2009 – 2012 term) are now facing a dilemma: shall they keep motorized individual transport ruling urban mobility ? or, shall they make a better use of the existing road space to re-shape the development of their cities ?

Brazilian Cities offer big opportunities for urban operations: up to 1/2 of the already occupied private space needs redevelopment Morumbi, São Paulo, one of the richest neighborhoods in town

The time is now ! : FIFA’s World Cup in 2014 presents a great opportunity for actions in mobility to transcend the games and boost transit ridership Brazil presented: 18 candidate cities FIFA wants only: 8 to10 host cities In March 2009 : 12 cities are likely to be selected Source of Map: Inspection Report for the 2014 FIFA World Cup™ 30 October 2007

In March 2009, the Brazilian Federal Government will launch the PAC ( Plano de Aceleração do Crescimento ) for Urban Mobility: likely to prioritize the 12 cities selected to host WC2014, but, how about the other 5,552 cities in Brazil ? and, will PAC also include the 2,600 km (*) of bus priority corridors in cities +500,000 inhabitants ? (*) CTS-Brasil’s estimation based on Urban Mobility Plans that are already finished

Infra-estrutura existente (km): Infra-estrutura proposta (km): REDE ESTRUTURAL MULTIMODAL INTEGRADA Resultante das 13 simulações do EPE e das 33 simulações do PITMUrb Porto Alegre: year 2033 Fuente: GEI, 2007 Área de influência direta da linha circular do metrô Área de influência direta da linha 1 do trem metropolitano Corredores e melhorias viárias nos eixos Urbanos de POA Corredores e melhorias viárias nos eixos metropolitanos Década de 90 - 9,8 Inaugur. 2004 - 12,5 Corredores - 49,8 Década de 80 - 27,5 Linha 1 (Extensão) Trem Metropolitano - 9,3 Linha 2 do Metrô Porto Alegre - 37,4 Total s/ trilhos - 46,7 Corredores de ônibus Porto Alegre - 55.5 Hidrovia - 14,5 Terminais Linha 1 (Extensão) Trem Metropolitano – 33,8 RS-010 BR-448 Ext.: 22 km Ligação Hidroviária Ext.: 14.5 km BR-290 BR-290 BR-116 Corredores de ônibus Metropolitanos - 27,0 Total s/pneus - 82,5

Vitória, ES

Estudios y proyectos basicos para la implantación de 108 km de BRT en la RMGV

Carril segregado con sobrepaso en las estaciones de BRT

Sistema tronco-alimentado

Integración tarifária

Tarjeta eletrónica

Estaciones niveladas con la plataforma de los autobuses

Recife, PE

Plano Director de Transporte Metropolitano (en desarrollo)

Estudios de viabilidad para la implanción de 153 km de BRT en corredores de la RMR

Estudios básicos y ejecutivos de un sistema BRT en el corredor BR101/PE-15 (25 km)

Estudios básicos de un sistema BRT en la Av. Norte (11 km)

New bus priority corridors in Brazil

Once implemented, will they be:

traditional high-flow median lane busways ?

segregated BRT (Curitiba style + overtaking) ?

exclusive right of way (+electronically guided?) BRT ?

EXPRESSO TIRADENTES Commercial speeds along São Paulo busways (SPTrans, 2008) Starting with the last one: exclusive right of way BRT

EXPRESSO TIRADENTES, São Paulo exclusive right-of-way BRT 0 Inaugurated in March 2007

Expresso Tiradentes (segment: Parque D. Pedro – Sacomã)

Source: CTS-Brasil (2008) Very interesting features & future opportunities

Now: traditional high-flow median lane busways (e.g. P.Alegre), or, segregated BRT (e.g. Curitiba) ? ANTP, 2005 City inhabitants bus fleet bus pass/year board/km km/bus/year Curitiba 1,757,904 1,335 279,504,785 2.67 78,543 Porto Alegre 1,428,696 1,426 308,610,107 2.76 78,522

Curitiba and Porto Alegre: different approaches and results

Curitiba – world example in integrating transportation and land use planning (TOD)

Source: IPPUC

Curitiba: map that communicates (‘metro’ style)

Curitiba: high densities along BRTcorridors Source: IPPUC Source: IPPUC and Curitiba achieved TOD

Curitiba CBD: the place to be! Rua das Flores Setor Histórico Source: IPPUC

Porto Alegre: almost every bus line goes to CBD 33, 000 buses/day entering and leaving the central area

Porto Alegre: very high-flow radial busways Source: Zero Hora, 12/10/2007

P. Alegre CBD: “large bus terminal” Porto Alegre CBD: the place not to be! Source: EPTC Source: CTS-Brasil,2007 Dedicates premium CBD plaza areas to bus depots!!!!

PM 2,5 and NO 2 concentration (pilot study) at Jornal do Comércio Station Source: CTS-Brasil, EMBARQ and LPAE-USP Time Jornal do Comércio Station 10 WHO

PM 2,5 concentration: buses x stations (pilot study) Source: CTS-Brasil, EMBARQ and LPAE-USP

Curitiba: future scenario Source: IPPUC COLOMBO 110.000 PASS/ D.U. (2006) 150.000 PASS/ D.U. (2014) PINHAIS 85.000 PASS/ D.U. (2006) 108.000 PASS/ D.U. (2014) PIRAQUARA 35.000 PASS/ D.U. (2006) 57.000 PASS/ D.U. (2014) SÃO JOSÉ DOS PINHAIS 75.000 PASS/ D.U. (2006) 104.000 PASS/ D.U. (2014) FAZENDA RIO GRANDE 35.000 PASS/ D.U. (2006) 58.000 PASS/ D.U. (2014) ARAUCÁRIA 40.000 PASS/ D.U. (2006) 55.000 PASS/ D.U. (2014) ALMIRANTE TAMANDARÉ 75.000 PASS/ D.U. (2006) 105.000 PASS/ D.U. (2014) CAMPO MAGRO 14.000 PASS/ D.U. (2006) 20.000 PASS/ D.U. (2014) CAMPO LARGO 27.000 PASS/ D.U. (2006) 33.000 PASS/ D.U. (2014)

Transforming: a former interstate federal roadway… Source: IPPUC

… into a modern urban artery Source: IPPUC BRT line

“ Linha Verde” – BRT based Source: IPPUC

Curitiba – “Linha Verde” TOD Source: IPPUC

Curitiba of the future Centro Source: IPPUC Linha Verde

P. Alegre: project Portais da Cidade (BRT)

Gateway concept:

feeding bus services = terminal

integration to other modes (M & NM) = parking

+

services & retail activities

Increasing quality & performance: from buses in mixed traffic … … to bus lanes …. .. to busways … … to high speed-capacity BRT New bus transit systems in Brazil will provide a great opportunity for “looking outside the box” and CTS-Brasil is now exploring it Observation <> Simulation

Thanks!