Mind Driven :Arduino <=> Flash

by Vincent Lee

Contents
Mind Driven Background
Literature
Hardware & Software
Prototype & Testing
Discussion & Conclusion
Future

What is Mind Driven?
a platform for further testing
a connectivity of technologies, Arduino, Flash, filters, video, sound
plays with perception of speed through distortion and sound
a depiction of “my” experience to be experienced by others
Vincent Lee I-Media 2010

How did it Begin? various aspects various aspects
Psychology & driving (fear, experience, dreams, perception, colour)
design/investigate scenario-based hazards
assess reflex and motor skills
therapeutic uses
tool for safe driving

Search for Inspirations I
applications in the psychology field (colour blindness, perception, reaction, conditions that impede driving ability)
mobile phone-use/alcoholism
for use as an interface with Googlemaps/streetview API
play with “naive realism” 1 (belief of the world is exactly as it appears)
1. Sekuler & Blake (2002) Vincent Lee I-Media 2010

Search for Inspirations II
Didn’t build simulator per se
Been done before
See high fidelity product =>

Concept moves Away from Driving Sim
unusual & surreal “driving”
broaden scope for therapy where the act of driving isn’t as vivid.

Some Psychology papers
gradual exposure to [negative] stimuli to treat anxiety disorders. (Bush, 2007)
Change affected by user’s motivation for change (Wald & Taylor, 2000)
Dreams are reflective of memory (Nielson & Stenstom, 2005)
percepts & beliefs: Believe what we experience in dreams and believe what we dream (Ichikawa, 2009)

connecting the hardware
Arduino as the basis for connecting the driving-related apparatus.
Receives three analog inputs from the potentiometers
Once talking; programming; designing.

inside the box
Flash for media and interactivity.
Hardware control of Flash application
Implement distortion for visual & audio
as 3D interactive game-build = failed

Low-Medium Fidelity Prototyping
Video Prototype with no input functions yet
feedback on positive aspects
usable aspects -surrealism using filters
objects at intervals act as hazards

MindDriven - how it works how it works
Video depicts a seemingly normal drive into UL
Steering controls crosshair on screen - overlays video (user input indicator)
Foot pedals play motor revving sounds & distorts user vision. (tunnel vision)

Testing:How did I collect data?
co-operative evaluation
[task list, think-aloud protocol, debrief]
video & audio recording
interview users & opinions

Results & Findings I
User experience takes a pattern:
[1]of initial confusion or uncertainty
especially controls & degree of agency
[2]second half of video -user has time to worry less about controls as actual input is determined to be minimal
no effect on outcome of video

Results & Findings II
user participation in the world shown on screen is demonstrated
relatively “fun” element by arousing intrigue, laughter, astonishment.

Discussion & relation to current work I
Initially users are put into a busy scene with a little time to “feel out” controls.
Users found this caused some unease due to performance anxiety & motivation. (affective aspect related to driving 3 )
perception: accentuates important & diminishes irrelevant. 2
2 Sekuler & Blake (2002) 3 Groeger (2000)

Discussion II
motor skills despite simple controls is needed to follow task. Loss of feedback reduces user reaction (rely on sight/sound) - reaction/altered perception
Users have shared a driving experience of my own. That is my recording of my driving scenario & my memory.

current limits
no direct interactivity eg. computer game or virtual world or fully interactive driving simulation
minimal force feedback (vibration)
no data logging for quantitative data
data collected dependent on subjective opinion of evaluators.

future application
therapy for driving phobia using surrealism
simulation of driving “under the influence” eg. LSD, alcohol...
driving with affective component & arousal.
Pressure with awards system? Performance test using limitations?

Future changes
more interactivity with objects & virtual world
more user input to affect outcome
branching scenarios/narratives
karma/points system for actions

References
Wald, J., & Taylor, S. (2000). Efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy to treat driving phobia: A case report. Journal of Behaviour Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry,31, 249–257
Sekuler R. & Blake R.,2002, Perception , 4 th edition, New York, The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.
Bush, J. (2007) Vialbility of virtual reality exposure therapy as a treatment alternative, 24(3) p1032-1040 available at: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0747563207000787
Nielson T. A. & Stenstrom P. (2005) “ What are the Memory Sources of Dreaming”, Nature, Vol. 437, (Oct,2005):1286-1289
Ichikawa J. (2009) Dreaming and Imagination. Mind & Language, Vol. 24 No. 1 February 2009, p. 103–121.

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Mind Driven :Arduino <=> Flash

by Vincent Lee on Aug 31, 2010

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