How Recommender Systems in Technology-Enhanced Learning depend on Context

How Recommender Systems in Technology-Enhanced Learning depend on Context Hendrik Drachsler Nikos Manouselis Open University of the Greek Research Netherlands Technology Network

TEL context Figure by : Cross, J. (2006). Informal learning: Rediscovering the natural pathways that inspire innovation and performance. San Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer. hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 2 | November 30, 2009

Formal learning • are learning offers from educational institutions. • is imbedded into a curriculum or syllabus framework. Figure by: • is highly structured. Cross, J. (2006) • leads to a specific accreditation. • involves domain experts to guarantee quality. hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 3 | November 30, 2009

Formal learning = structured layers Generic layers within a simplified architecture of an educational AEH (Karampiperis & Sampson, 2005) hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 4 | November 30, 2009

Informal learning • content is provide from different sources. • happens outside formal educational settings (e.g. Figure by: related to work or leisure time. Cross, J. (2006) • is less structured (in terms of learning goals, study time or learning support). • does not lead to a certain hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl accreditation. STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 5 | November 30, 2009

Informal learning = emergence hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 6 | November 30, 2009

Context variables Formal learning  Curriculum (Closed-Corpus)  Teacher directed  Predefined learning resources, learning goals  Maintenance Informal learning  Learning resources from different providers (Open-Corpus)  More self-directed learning goals  Responsible for own learning pace / path  Lack of maintenance hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 7 | November 30, 2009

Recommendation approaches Learning settings, environmental conditions and the task greatly affect the design of recommender systems in TEL. systems in TEL. hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 8 | November 30, 2009

Formal recommendation approach Adaptive Learning Goal Layer Sequencing (top-down) Conceptual Layer Content Layer hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 9 | November 30, 2009

Informal recommendation approach Hierarchical Clustering Layer n clustering (bottom-up) Clustering Layer 1..n Content Layer hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 10 | November 30, 2009

Research question How can we get the best out of both worlds? hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 11 | November 30, 2009

A solution for formal learning hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 12 | November 30, 2009

A solution for informal learning • 100 user (hopefully some more after today ) • 20000 Web 2.0 items (increasing every hour) • 700 ratings in the data base • 10000 tags in the data base hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 13 | November 30, 2009

Version 1.0 hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 14 | November 30, 2009

Version 1.0 DUINE Prediction Engine Database User Interface of Items hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 15 | November 30, 2009

How does it work? Cold-Start = Tag-based recommendation Collaborative Filtering with ratings hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 16 | November 30, 2009

Learner profile hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 17 | November 30, 2009

Conclusions Fed by bottom-up approach How to combine? Fed by top-down approach hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 18 | November 30, 2009

Future R&D hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 19 | November 30, 2009

Many thanks for your interest! This slide is available here: http://www.slideshare.com/Drachsler Email: hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl Skype: celstec-hendrik.drachsler Blogging at: http://elgg.ou.nl/hdr/weblog Twittering at: http://twitter.com/HDrachsler hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 20 | November 30, 2009

You can use it as well! Please sign up at: Register at ReMashed remashed.ou.nl. starts mashing. http://remashed.ou.nl Enter your favorite Taste your Web 2.0 potatoes. personal flavor of Web 2.0. Join the community. hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl STELLAR - Alpine rendez-vous workshop on context-aware recommendation 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DE Page 21 | November 30, 2009

How Recommender Systems in Technology-Enhanced Learning depend on Context

by Hendrik Drachsler on Nov 30, 2009

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