Seerah of Prophet Mohammad (SAW) Meccan Period

Why to study the Seerah of Prophet Mohammad (SAW)? Islamic movement led by the Prophet(SAW) brought a divine message of salvation and success. It addresses the issues and problems of this world and gives logical solutions. Its message is universal. Its influence is ever increasing. His message and Seerah are preserved like no one else in the history.

Islamic movement led by the Prophet(SAW) brought a divine message of salvation and success.

It addresses the issues and problems of this world and gives logical solutions.

Its message is universal.

Its influence is ever increasing.

His message and Seerah are preserved like no one else in the history.

Situation at the time of his Prophethood. World was divided politically into two camps,i.e.,Persian and Roman empires. Persians worshipped stars and fire. Romans had Christians believing in trinity and also idol and star worshippers. Indians were Hindus worshipping idols. Jews had lost their original books and were sticking with their rigid rituals. Arabs were worshipping idols. They had a tribal system.Their society was infested with immorality, injustice and crimes.

World was divided politically into two camps,i.e.,Persian and Roman empires.

Persians worshipped stars and fire.

Romans had Christians believing in trinity and also idol and star worshippers.

Indians were Hindus worshipping idols.

Jews had lost their original books and were sticking with their rigid rituals.

Arabs were worshipping idols. They had a tribal system.Their society was infested with immorality, injustice and crimes.

Advantages for Dawah amongst Arabs. Strategic central location of Arabia. Arabic language was most suitable. Qualities of the Arabs. 1-Free of political domination. 2-Bravery 3-Determination, sincerity. 4-Intellectual faculties. 5-Unique memory, generosity, honor, pragmatism.

Strategic central location of Arabia.

Arabic language was most suitable.

Qualities of the Arabs.

1-Free of political domination.

2-Bravery

3-Determination, sincerity.

4-Intellectual faculties.

5-Unique memory, generosity, honor, pragmatism.

Some difficulties for Dawah amongst the Arabs Illiteracy Blind following of the forefathers Polytheism or SHIRK Mutual fights and tribal rivalries Immorality and illegitimate means of earning.

Illiteracy

Blind following of the forefathers

Polytheism or SHIRK

Mutual fights and tribal rivalries

Immorality and illegitimate means of earning.

Beginning of the Prophethood. Seclusion in Hira cave. First revelation. Ayat of Surah Qalam. Khadija ® consoles him. Meeting with Warqa bin Nofil. Interval of 6 months. Second revelation. 7 ayat of Surah Mudassar.

Seclusion in Hira cave.

First revelation. Ayat of Surah Qalam.

Khadija ® consoles him.

Meeting with Warqa bin Nofil.

Interval of 6 months.

Second revelation. 7 ayat of Surah Mudassar.

Stages of Islamic Movement Meccan. It has 4 distinct periods. 1-Secret Dawah. 3 years. 2-Open Dawah. 2 years. 3-Persecution. 5 years. 4-Extreme oppression. 3years. Madani.

Meccan. It has 4 distinct periods.

1-Secret Dawah. 3 years.

2-Open Dawah. 2 years.

3-Persecution. 5 years.

4-Extreme oppression. 3years.

Madani.

Secret Dawah Selected people with close relationship. Khadija, Ali, Zaid, Abu Bakr, Characteristics of early Quranic Surahs. Small effective ayat, best reasoning & style, Reformation of beliefs. Secret Salaahs. Characteristics of the believers.

Selected people with close relationship.

Khadija, Ali, Zaid, Abu Bakr,

Characteristics of early Quranic Surahs.

Small effective ayat, best reasoning & style,

Reformation of beliefs.

Secret Salaahs.

Characteristics of the believers.

Open Dawah Proclamation on Safa. Dinner for Abdul Muttalib Family. Ridicule False accusations and propaganda. Name calling.

Proclamation on Safa.

Dinner for Abdul Muttalib Family.

Ridicule

False accusations and propaganda.

Name calling.

Open Dawah (Cont'd) Proclamation in HARAM.(Harith bin Abi Hala dies protecting the Prophet) Reasons for opposition 1-Perceived as a threat to their power. 2-Their moral weaknesses were being exposed. Opponents strategy 1-Killing of one Muslim could lead tribal wars. 2-They chose to call names and spread false rumors. How the Prophet faced this situation. 1-Answered the objections.2- Continue his work.

Proclamation in HARAM.(Harith bin Abi Hala dies protecting the Prophet)

Reasons for opposition

1-Perceived as a threat to their power.

2-Their moral weaknesses were being exposed.

Opponents strategy

1-Killing of one Muslim could lead tribal wars.

2-They chose to call names and spread false rumors.

How the Prophet faced this situation.

1-Answered the objections.2- Continue his work.

Open Dawah (Contd) People from other tribes accept Islam.(AbuZar) Offers made by pagans.(Utbah bin Rabi)

People from other tribes accept Islam.(AbuZar)

Offers made by pagans.(Utbah bin Rabi)

Open Dawah(Contd) Results of this period Some righteous individuals joined the movement to struggle for its success. Many others became its opponents. Its message started reaching outside the limits of Mecca.

Some righteous individuals joined the movement to struggle for its success.

Many others became its opponents.

Its message started reaching outside the limits of Mecca.

Persecution Khabbab bin Arat (Slave of Umm Anmar) Forced to lay on burning coal till it cooled off. Bilal bin Rabah ( Slave of Umaya bin Khalf).Forced to lie on hot sand with heavy rock on his chest. Ammar® was beaten lying on hot sand. Lubneya® was beaten by Omar till he would get tired. Zubera® was beaten by Abu Jahl till she was blind

Khabbab bin Arat (Slave of Umm Anmar)

Forced to lay on burning coal till it cooled off.

Bilal bin Rabah ( Slave of Umaya bin Khalf).Forced to lie on hot sand with heavy rock on his chest.

Ammar® was beaten lying on hot sand.

Lubneya® was beaten by Omar till he would get tired.

Zubera® was beaten by Abu Jahl till she was blind

Consequences of this persecution. Common people developed sympathies with the persecuted. Caused curiosity amongst others to know more about this movement. Movement was spreading in every home in Mecca and beyond its boundaries. Best people of the society were being attracted to the movement. Clear positive changes in the character of believers

Common people developed sympathies with the persecuted.

Caused curiosity amongst others to know more about this movement.

Movement was spreading in every home in Mecca and beyond its boundaries.

Best people of the society were being attracted to the movement.

Clear positive changes in the character of believers

Migration to Habasha(Africa) 5 th Nabawi year. 11men and 4 women. Meccans sent delegation to Najjashi Jafar bin Abi Talib’s speech. Meccan delegation’s tactic. (Position of Isa) 83 Muslims migrate to Habasha. Najjashi (As’hama) became Muslim. When Najjashi died, Prophet did Janaza.

5 th Nabawi year. 11men and 4 women.

Meccans sent delegation to Najjashi

Jafar bin Abi Talib’s speech.

Meccan delegation’s tactic. (Position of Isa)

83 Muslims migrate to Habasha.

Najjashi (As’hama) became Muslim.

When Najjashi died, Prophet did Janaza.

Persecution (Contd) Abu Jahl mistreats the Prophet(SAW) Hamza® accepts Islam. Omar® joins the movement. Sanctions against Bani Hashim Isolation in Shi’b Abi Talib.(7 th Nabawi) for three years.

Abu Jahl mistreats the Prophet(SAW)

Hamza® accepts Islam.

Omar® joins the movement.

Sanctions against Bani Hashim

Isolation in Shi’b Abi Talib.(7 th Nabawi) for three years.

Subjects of Quranic Surahs in this time period. Believers were told their duties. They were instructed about highest conduct. Jamaah and its collective conduct Ways of effective Dawah. Sabr in face of most difficult circumstances. Built their morale by promising Jannah and ultimate success in this world. Opponents were admonished and warned Replies were given to the objections.

Believers were told their duties.

They were instructed about highest conduct.

Jamaah and its collective conduct

Ways of effective Dawah.

Sabr in face of most difficult circumstances.

Built their morale by promising Jannah and ultimate success in this world.

Opponents were admonished and warned

Replies were given to the objections.

4- Extreme Oppression 3 years. 10 th Nabawi. Amul Huzn (Year of sorrow) 1-Death of Abu Talib 2-Death of Khadija ®

10 th Nabawi. Amul Huzn (Year of sorrow)

1-Death of Abu Talib

2-Death of Khadija ®

4 Travel to Taif Meeting with people during Haj and Fairs Lailatun Nakhla. Jinns accept Islam. (Ahqaf) 6 people of Khazraj accept Islam at Uqbah during Haj.(10 th Nabawi) Baya Uqba Ula.(11 th Nabawi) 12 people accepted Islam from Madina. Musab bin Umair sent as teacher to Madina.

Travel to Taif

Meeting with people during Haj and Fairs

Lailatun Nakhla. Jinns accept Islam. (Ahqaf)

6 people of Khazraj accept Islam at Uqbah during Haj.(10 th Nabawi)

Baya Uqba Ula.(11 th Nabawi) 12 people accepted Islam from Madina. Musab bin Umair sent as teacher to Madina.

4 Baya Uqbah Thani.12 th Nabawi.72 people accepted Islam and pledged their support. Extreme opposition and persecution of the Prophet(S).

Baya Uqbah Thani.12 th Nabawi.72 people accepted Islam and pledged their support.

Extreme opposition and persecution of the Prophet(S).

Miracles of the Prophet(SAW) Definition. Extraordinary supernatural event or incidence shown by Allah as evidence for the Prophethood. Major miracle is a final evidence and if people do not believe, usually there is Azab. Prophet Mohammad and the Sahaba had a desire for miracle. (Sura Al Anaam:35)

Definition. Extraordinary supernatural event or incidence shown by Allah as evidence for the Prophethood.

Major miracle is a final evidence and if people do not believe, usually there is Azab.

Prophet Mohammad and the Sahaba had a desire for miracle. (Sura Al Anaam:35)

Miracles Quran Akhlaq Rasool Splitting of the moon. (Shaqqul Qamar) Sura Qamar, Bukhari and Muslim. Miraj (12 th Nabawi) Prophet(SAW) traveled from Meccah to Jerusalem (Isra) and then from Jerusalem to the heavens (Miraj).

Quran

Akhlaq Rasool

Splitting of the moon. (Shaqqul Qamar)

Sura Qamar, Bukhari and Muslim.

Miraj (12 th Nabawi)

Prophet(SAW) traveled from Meccah to Jerusalem (Isra) and then from Jerusalem to the heavens (Miraj).

Miraj 1 st Heaven. Adam 2 nd Heaven.Yahya and Isa. 3 rd Heaven. Yusuf. 4 th Heaven.Idrees. 5 th Heaven.Haroon. 6 th Heaven.Musa. 7 th Heaven.Ibrahim.Talked to Allah.

1 st Heaven. Adam

2 nd Heaven.Yahya and Isa.

3 rd Heaven. Yusuf.

4 th Heaven.Idrees.

5 th Heaven.Haroon.

6 th Heaven.Musa.

7 th Heaven.Ibrahim.Talked to Allah.

Miraj Gifts of Miraj. 1- 50 Salaat reduced to 5. 2- Last ayat of Surah Baqara. 3- 14 Commandments in Surah Isra.Good news that the time of persecution will soon be over. 4-If a Muslim avoids Shirk, he will eventually enter Jannah.

Gifts of Miraj.

1- 50 Salaat reduced to 5.

2- Last ayat of Surah Baqara.

3- 14 Commandments in Surah Isra.Good news that the time of persecution will soon be over.

4-If a Muslim avoids Shirk, he will eventually enter Jannah.

Subjects of Quranic Suras in this time period. This persecution is a temporary phase. Akhira is the best place for Muttaqeen. Prophets before faced persecution with Sabr Allah’s Method has been to test the Muslims. This test develops the highest qualities. When the believers succeed, then Allah’s Help shall come. Preparation for Hijrah.

This persecution is a temporary phase.

Akhira is the best place for Muttaqeen.

Prophets before faced persecution with Sabr

Allah’s Method has been to test the Muslims.

This test develops the highest qualities.

When the believers succeed, then Allah’s Help shall come.

Preparation for Hijrah.

Migration Hijra is moving to another place where one can better fulfill the demands of Islam. A Muslim can live under system of Kufr: 1-If one can not get out of the oppression. 2- If he struggles to bring Islamic change. Prophet (SAW) gave permission for migration in the face of persecution.

Hijra is moving to another place where one can better fulfill the demands of Islam.

A Muslim can live under system of Kufr:

1-If one can not get out of the oppression.

2- If he struggles to bring Islamic change.

Prophet (SAW) gave permission for migration in the face of persecution.

Prophet(SAW) migrates. He let Ali to sleep on his bed and to pay the amanat to their owners. Left in the company of Abu Bakr. Stay in cave of Thowr for 3 days. Pagans follow him and announce bounty. He came out of the cave on 4 th day and travelled for one day and night. Meeting with Suraqa bin Jasam.

He let Ali to sleep on his bed and to pay the amanat to their owners.

Left in the company of Abu Bakr.

Stay in cave of Thowr for 3 days.

Pagans follow him and announce bounty.

He came out of the cave on 4 th day and travelled for one day and night.

Meeting with Suraqa bin Jasam.

Prophet (SAW) arrives in Madina. Quba (3 miles from Madina).He built a masjid here. Welcome in Madina. Stayed at Abu Ayub Ansari’s house for 7M. Masjid Nabawi was constructed. Mawakhat (Brotherhood) between Ansaars and Muhajiroon.

Quba (3 miles from Madina).He built a masjid here.

Welcome in Madina.

Stayed at Abu Ayub Ansari’s house for 7M.

Masjid Nabawi was constructed.

Mawakhat (Brotherhood) between Ansaars and Muhajiroon.