What is sin? What are types of sins? What are the effects of sin upon human life?

1. ON HUMAN LIFE

2. WHAT
IS
• Sin or dhanb ) is defined as any action
that goes against the commands of
Allah(SWT) (GOD ALMIGHTY) as explained in
the Quran (word of Allah) and the Sunnah or
teachings of last Prophet Mohammad(SAW).

3. Gradations of Sins
Shirk: ascribing a partner to God (Sura 4:48)`
Ithm, dhulam, fujur, su, fasad, fisk, kufr:
wickedness and depravity (Suras 2:99, 205;
4:50, 112, 123, 136; 12:79; 38:62; 82:14
Haram: transgressions (Suras 5:4; 6:146)
I’tada, junah, dhanb: immorality (Suras
2:190,229; 17:17 33:55)
Sayyia, khatia: mistakes (Suras 7:168; 17:31; 40:45;
47:19 48:2)

4. 2 tempting factors to do sin
• 1- Nafs Ammarah
• Nor do I absolve my own self (of blame): the (human
soul) is certainly prone to evil unless my Lord do
bestow His Mercy: but surely certainly my Lord is
Oft-Forgiving Most Merciful. (Yusuf,12:53)

5. 2-Shaitan
O ye children of Adam! Let not Satan seduce you in the
same manner as he got your parents out of the garden
stripping them of their raiment to expose their shame:
for he and his tribe watch you from a position where ye
cannot see them: We made the evil ones friends (only) to
those without faith. Araaf,7:27

6. Verily Satan is an enemy to you: so treat him as an
enemy. He only invites his adherents that they may
become Companions of the Blazing Fire. (Fatir,35:6)
and do not follow the footsteps of the evil one for he
is to you an avowed enemy. (Baqarah,2:168)

7. Original forgiveness. NO
• Adam and Eve were the first humans to sin. God
forgave them when they turned to Him in repentance.
• It is human nature to sin
• Satan is going to try and trick us into committing sin.
• After we sin we turn to God in sincere repentance.
• It is a lesson of original forgiveness and not original sin.
• If we sin, it is our fault and not our fore parents fault.
• God does not create us as sinners. He creates us pure
and then it is us who sin and make our selves impure.

8. Classification of Sins
• A- Major or Al-Kaba'ir:
These are defined as acts which are :
1. Expressly forbidden in the Qur'an or
2. By the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon
him), or
3. For which there is a hadd or punishment
under Islamic law.

9. A-
• In a Hadith, Prophet (S) said-Avoid the seven noxious things"- and
after having said this, the prophet (saw) mentioned them:
• “1-Associating anything with Allah;
• 2- Magic or sorcery
• 3-Killing one whom Allah has forbidden without a just case,
• 4-Consuming the property of an orphan,
• 5-Devouring usury,
• 6-Turning back when the army advances, and
• 7-Slandering chaste women who are believers but indiscreet."
'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said: "Seventy is closer to their number than
seven," and indeed that is correct. For details visit:
http://www.jannah.org/articles/sins.html

10. B-Minor
• Minor sins are acts which are displeasing to Allah but for
which no specific punishment or severe warning has been
issued.
• The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)
said, "Righteousness is good character, and sin is that which
wavers in your heart and which you do not want people to
know about." (Muslim)
• Minor sins are not, however, to be taken lightly
“You counted it a little thing, while with Allah it was very great.”
(Qur'an 24:15)
“Nay, their hearts have been sealed by the sins they have
accumulated.” (Qur'an 83:14).

11. The Effects of Sins by Ibn Qayyim Al Jawziyya
1: The 5: Sins reduce 9: Sin is a cause 13: Sin corrupts 17: Sins weaken
Prevention of the lifespan and of the servant the intellect and reduce the
Knowledge destroys any being held in magnification of
blessings contempt by his Allah in the
Lord heart
2:The 6: Sin sows its 10: The ill- 14: When sin 18: Sins are the
Prevention of own seeds effects of the increases, the cause of Allah
Sustenance sinner fall upon servant’s heart forgetting His
those besides becomes sealed servant
him
3: The 7: Sins weaken 11; One sins 15: Sins lead to 19: Sins remove
prevention of the heart’s will until they corruption in the the servant from
obedience (to and resolve become very land. the realm of
Allah easy for him Ihsaan
4:Sins weaken 8: Each sin is a 12: Sin inherits 16: The 20: Sin causes
the heart and legacy of a humiliation disappearance the favors (of
body nation destroyed of modesty Allah) to cease
by Allah.

12. 1-Prevention of Knowledge
• Knowledge is a light which Allah throws into
the heart and disobedience extinguishes this
light.
• Imaam Shaafi'ee (Rahimahullah) said:
"I complained to Wakee' about the weakness of
my memory, so he ordered me to abandon
disobedience. And informed me that the
knowledge is light. And that the light of Allah is
not given to the disobedient."

13. 2- The prevention of RIZQ (sustenance)
• Just as Taqwah brings about sustenance, the
abandonment of Taqwah causes poverty.
There is nothing which can bring about
sustenance like the abandonment of
disobedience.

14. 3-The prevention of obedience
(to Allah)
• If there was no other punishment for sin other
than that it prevents one from obedience to
Allaah then this would be sufficient.

15. 4- Sins weaken the heart and the body
• It is clear that sins weaken the heart spiritually
• Sins do not stop weakening it until the life of
the heart ceases completely.

16. Sins make the heart blind and sick
• Indeed, it is not the eyes that are blinded, but the
hearts, which are within the chests”
(Qur’an, 22:46).
• The worst of the diseases is the spiritual sickness
of the heart. Four things that greatly poison the
heart:
• 1-Unnecessary talking,
• 2-Unrestrained glances,
• 3-Over eating, and
• 4-Keeping bad company.

17. 5-Sins reduce the lifespan and destroy
all blessings
• Just as righteousness increases the
lifespan, sinning reduces it.

18. 6-Sin sows its own seeds and gives
birth to more sins
• Sin keeps replicating itself till separating from
it and coming out of it becomes difficult for
the servant.

19. 7-Sins weaken the hearts will and
resolve to do good
• The desire for disobedience becomes strong
and
• The desire to repent becomes weak bit by bit
• Until the desire to repent is removed from
the heart completely

20. 8-Every sin is a legacy of curse upon a
nation which Allah destroyed
• Sodomy is a legacy of the People of Lot,
• Taking more than one's due right and giving what
is less is a legacy of the People of Shu'ayb,
• Seeking greatness in the land and causing
corruption is a legacy of the People of Pharaoh
• Pride/arrogance and tyranny is a legacy of the
People of Hood.
• So the disobedient one is wearing the gown of
some of these nations who were the enemies of
Allah.

21. Results of sins for different nations
Each one of them We seized for his crime: of them against
some We sent a violent tornado (with showers of stones);
some were caught by a (mighty) Blast; some We caused the
earth to swallow up; and some We drowned (in the waters):
it was not Allah Who injured (or oppressed) them: they
injured (and oppressed) their own souls. (Ankabut,39:40)

22. Chastisements for different nations
Hurricane Tornado Blast
Sink hole in ground Massive floods

23. 9- Sin is a cause of being
• Al-Hasan al-Basree (rahimahullah) said: They
became contemptible in (His sight) so they
disobeyed Him. If they were honorable (in His
sight) He would have protected them.
• Allah the Exalted said:
"And whomsoever Allah lowers (humiliates)
there is none to give honor." [Hajj 22:18]

24. 10-The ill-effects of the sinner fall
upon others
• The ill-effects of the sinner fall upon those
besides him and the animals.
Allah sets forth a parable: a city enjoying security and quiet abundantly
supplied with sustenance from every place: yet was it ungrateful for
the favors of Allah: so Allah made it taste of hunger and fear (closing in
on it) like a garment (from every side) because of the (evil) which (its
people) wrought. (Nahal,16:112)

25. 11- One continues to commit sins until
they become very easy for him
• Every time a sin becomes insignificant in the sight
of the servant it becomes great in the sight of
Allah.
• Ibn Mas'ood (radiy Allahu anhu) said: Indeed, the
believer sees his sins as if he was standing at the
foot of a mountain fearing that it will fall upon
him and the sinner sees his sins like a fly which
passes by his nose so he tries to remove it by
waving his hand around. [Bukhaaree]

26. 12- Sin inherits humiliation and
lowliness
• . Honor, all of it, lies in the obedience of Allah.
• Abdullaah ibn al-Mubaarak said:
"I have seen sins kill the hearts. And
humiliation is inherited by their continuity. The
abandonment of sins gives life to the hearts.
And the protection of your soul is better for it."

27. 13- Sin corrupts the intellect.
• The intellect has light and disobedience
extinguishes this light.
• When the light of the intellect is extinguished
it becomes weak and deficient.

28. 14-When sins increase, the servant's
heart becomes sealed
• When the heart becomes sealed, he becomes
of those who are heedless. The Exalted said:
• "But no! A stain has been left on their hearts
on account of what they used to earn (i.e.
their actions)." [Mutaffifeen 83:14]

30. 15-Sins cause the various types of
corruption to occur in the land
• Corruption of the waters, the air, the
plants, the fruits and the dwelling places.

31. Appearance of Corruption
• "Mischief has appeared on the land and the
sea on account of what the hands of men
have earned; that He may give them a taste of
some of (the actions) they have done, in order
that they may return." [Rum 30:41]

32. Fasaad or corruption
• Fasaad means an imbalance and is the opposite
of 'islaah' (reformation). Fasaad is when
something decays, spoils and it is not as it should
be.
• There are two types of fasaad:
• 1-Tangible evil such as
famine, drought, wars, land
pollution, earthquakes and climate changes.
• 2-Intangible such as bad manners and doing
shirk.

33. 16- DISAPPEARANCE Of
• Haya is the essence of the life of the heart and
is the basis of every good. Its disappearance is
the disappearance of all that is good.
• It is authentic from the Messenger (sallallahu
'alayhi wa sallam) that he said: Modesty is
goodness, all of it [Bukhaaree and Muslim] A
Poet said:
• "And by Allaah, there is no good in life or in
the world when modesty goes."

34. 17-Sin reduces the magnificence of
Allah, in the heart of the servant
• Sins weaken and reduce the magnificence of
Allah, the Mighty in the heart of the servant

35. 18-Sins are the cause of Allah
forgetting His servant
When Allah forgets His servant:
• He abandons him
• Leaves him to fend for himself his soul from
his shaytan.
• In this is the destruction from which no
deliverance can be hoped for.

36. 19-Sins remove one from
• He is prevented from (obtaining) the rewards
of those who do good at highest level.
• When Ihsan fills the heart it prevents it from
disobedience.
• 3 levels of piety:

37. 20- Sin causes the favors (of Allah) to
cease
• It makes His revenge and wrath lawful.
• No blessing ceases to reach a servant except
due to a sin and no retribution is made lawful
upon him except due to a sin.

38. Remedy for sin is
• Alee (radiy Allahu 'anhu) said: No trial has
descended except due to a sin and it (the trial) is
not repelled except by repentance.
• Allah the Exalted said:
"Whatever misfortune afflicts you then it is due
to what your hands have earned and (yet) He
pardons many." [Shura 42:30]
• And the Exalted also said: "That is because never
will Allah change the favor He has bestowed on a
people until they change what is with
themselves." [Anfaal 8:53]