golgo appartus

1. The Golgi Apparatus
Presented by: Rahul Kumar
M.Sc 1st Sem.
Life Science
CUG/2014/1073

2. Contents
History
Organization of Golgi
Functions of the Golgi
.Protein modification
.Synthesis of Sphingomyelin &Glycolipid
.Sorting of protein to lysosome
.Sorting of protein to plasma membrane
 Vesicles

3. History
Discovered by Italian
physician Camillo Golgi during
an investigation of the nervous
system in 1898 – internal
reticular structure.
Optical illusion created by the
observation technique used by
Golgi.
This structure was confirmed in
1910 as a Golgi apparatus/
Golgi bodies.

4. Organization of Golgi
• Found within the cytoplasm of both plant and
animal cells.
• It is composed of stacks of membrane-bound
structures - cisternae (singular: cisterna)
• Each cisterna comprises a flat, membrane-
enclosed disc that includes special Golgi
enzymes which modify or help to modify
cargo proteins that travel through it.

5. • Consists of 4 functionally distinct region- cis
face (entry face), medial cisterna, trans cisterna,
trans face(exit face).
• Each region contain different enzymes which
selectively modify the contents depending on
where they reside.

6. Functions of the Golgi:
E.R Golgi Secretion
P.M
Endosome
Lysosome
Modification
Of protein
Synthesis
Glycolipid &
Sphingomyelin

7. Protein modification
• Start in the E.R after translation - addition of 2
N-acetylglucosamine & 9 mannose.
• In Golgi, glycosyltransferase & glycosidase is
present – help in addition & removal of sugar
residues in N-linked oligosaccharides.

8. Processing of N-linked oligosaccharides in the
Golgi :

9. Synthesis of Sphingomyelin & Glycolipid

10. Sorting of protein to lysosome:

11. Sorting of protein to plasma memsbrane:
• Take place via 3 routes
direct transport from trans golgi .
via an intermediate of endosome .
regulated secretory pathway .

13. direct transport from trans golgi-
- In corporation of new protein(peripheral as
well as integral) & lipid to the p.m .
- continuous secretion of protein from the cell.
- linear targeting signals.

14. via an intermediate of endosome
• in the epithelial
cells by transcytosis
• ex.- transport of
antibodies to
extracelluar fluid.

15. regulated secretory pathway
• Play an important role in
- release of neurotransmiter
-release of hormones
- release of digestive enzymes

16. Vesicles
• Important role in transport of mole. Between
different membrane or compartment of cell.
• Formation of vesicles require –
-GTP binding protein (ex. Arf, Rab)
-Adaptor protein
-Coat protein (copl, copll, clatrin)

17. THANK YOU