Intellectual Property Rights in long-term Digital Preservation The CASPAR Approach Marlis Valentini Claudio Prandoni Metaware S.p.A. - I wePreserve Training 23-27 March 2009, Barcelona (Spain)

Training Session Program Part 1: IPRs and Digital Preservation Presentation Questionnaire Part 2: DRM component and the Rights Ontology Presentation Exercise Part 3: Example Demo of DRM component DRM

Part 1: IPRs and Digital Preservation

Presentation

Questionnaire

Part 2: DRM component and the Rights Ontology

Presentation

Exercise

Part 3: Example

Demo of DRM component

Intellectual Property Right Intellectual Property Right (IPR) is divided in Copyright on Literary, Artistic and Scientific Works Industrial Property Right on Scientific Inventions, Discoveries, Trademarks, Industial Designs Related Rights Also called “Neighbouring Rights”, “Sui Generis Rights” on Performances (Artistic Data), Databases, SW Programs (Scientific Data), Traditional Culture Expressions (Cultural Data)

Intellectual Property Right (IPR) is divided in

Copyright

on Literary, Artistic and Scientific Works

Industrial Property Right

on Scientific Inventions, Discoveries, Trademarks, Industial Designs

Related Rights

Also called “Neighbouring Rights”, “Sui Generis Rights”

on Performances (Artistic Data), Databases, SW Programs (Scientific Data), Traditional Culture Expressions (Cultural Data)

Some kind of archive content has property rights on it Copyright, Industrial Property Right, Related Rights which impose limitations Require explicit authorization by the right holders or by the Legislation to the actions Distribute, Copy (reproduce), Modify, License to third parties, … taken by actors Taken by the Curator Taken by an End-User Intellectual Property Right (2) An archive must be able to determine the existing IPRs!

Some kind of archive content has property rights on it

Copyright, Industrial Property Right, Related Rights

which impose limitations

Require explicit authorization by the right holders or by the Legislation

to the actions

Distribute, Copy (reproduce), Modify, License to third parties, …

taken by actors

Taken by the Curator

Taken by an End-User

Risks in long-term preservation Impossibility to: identify the existing Intellectual Property Rights Unavailable creation history (Provenance) Who contribute in which way to an intellectual creation Unknown significant events related to the works and right holders transfers of rights, death of rightholder, expiration of rights Heterogeneous Legal Frameworks IPRs vary between different countries Changes in Legislation Conditions under which IPRs are brought into existence, duration of IPRs, exceptions identify or obtain the Permission to use protected material Loss of Licenses and License Offers Obsolete format or real loss

Impossibility to:

identify the existing Intellectual Property Rights

Unavailable creation history (Provenance)

Who contribute in which way to an intellectual creation

Unknown significant events related to the works and right holders

transfers of rights, death of rightholder, expiration of rights

Heterogeneous Legal Frameworks

IPRs vary between different countries

Changes in Legislation

Conditions under which IPRs are brought into existence, duration of IPRs, exceptions

identify or obtain the Permission to use protected material

Loss of Licenses and License Offers

Obsolete format or real loss

Please answer to the first part of the questionnaire Questions 1 - 5

Please answer to the first part of the questionnaire

Questions 1 - 5

Part 2 Digital Rights Management (DRM) Key Component Digital Rights Ontology

DRM Key Component Is one of the Key Components in the CASPAR Architecture Provides basic services to support the identification of Intellectual Property Rights : Derives the existing Copyrights from a work’s creation history Exports the Copyrights in a suitable format DRM In terms of OAIS: Creates Preservation Description Information (PDI) , in particular Provenance Information

Is one of the Key Components in the

CASPAR Architecture

Provides basic services to support the identification of Intellectual Property Rights :

Derives the existing Copyrights from a work’s creation history

Exports the Copyrights in a suitable format

In terms of OAIS:

Creates Preservation Description Information (PDI) , in particular Provenance Information

Services of the DRM component The DRM derives the existing Copyrights Who owns the rights Details of the rights Author Rights vs Related Rights Economic Rights vs Moral Rights Country of origin of the rights When do the rights expire A user or an application registeres the creation history of a creative work Title of the work, when and where it was made public for the first time Who contributed in some part of the work What is the precise contribution of each involved person … DRM

The DRM derives the existing Copyrights

Who owns the rights

Details of the rights

Author Rights vs Related Rights

Economic Rights vs Moral Rights

Country of origin of the rights

When do the rights expire

A user or an application registeres the creation history of a creative work

Title of the work, when and where it was made public for the first time

Who contributed in some part of the work

What is the precise contribution of each involved person

…

Positioning Rights in the OAIS RM Intellectual Property Rights represent Preservation Description Information “ The information which is necessary for adequate preservation of the Content Information.” Provenance Information “… the origin or source of the Content Information, any changes that may have taken place since it was originated, and who has had custody of it since it was originated.” And what about rights? Descriptive Information “… to support the finding, ordering, and retrieving of OAIS information holdings by Consumers.”

Intellectual Property Rights represent

Preservation Description Information

“ The information which is necessary for adequate preservation of the Content Information.”

Provenance Information

“… the origin or source of the Content Information, any changes that may have taken place since it was originated, and who has had custody of it since it was originated.”

And what about rights?

Descriptive Information

“… to support the finding, ordering, and retrieving of OAIS information holdings by Consumers.”

An ontology to express Rights Digital Rights Ontology (DRO) has been introduced as formal language to describe Rights DRM component exports derived rights information in terms of the DRO vocabulary

Digital Rights Ontology (DRO) has been introduced as formal language to describe Rights

DRM component exports derived rights information in terms of the DRO vocabulary

Digital Rights Ontology CIDOC CRM ( Standard ISO 21127:2006 ) Documentation Committee of the International Council of Museums - Conceptual Reference Model FRBR-OO (from IFLA) Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records The Object Oriented version of FRBR Partially reused and modified IPROnto and RightsOnto Rights ontologies (R. Garc ía, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona ) Reused and extended existing core ontologies

CIDOC CRM ( Standard ISO 21127:2006 )

Documentation Committee of the International Council of Museums - Conceptual Reference Model

FRBR-OO (from IFLA)

Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records

The Object Oriented version of FRBR

Partially reused and modified

IPROnto and RightsOnto

Rights ontologies (R. Garc ía, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona )

Exercise Please complete the Digital Rights Ontology graph that describes the IPRs of Spaces of Mind Example Comes from the Artistic Testbed in CASPAR (from INA - Institut national de l'audiovisuel) Work: “Spaces of Mind” Acousmatic music (electroacoustic music designed for performance over loudspeakers) Composer: Daniel Teruggi

Please complete the Digital Rights Ontology graph that describes the IPRs of Spaces of Mind

Example

Comes from the Artistic Testbed in CASPAR (from INA - Institut national de l'audiovisuel)

Work: “Spaces of Mind”

Acousmatic music (electroacoustic music designed for performance over loudspeakers)

Composer: Daniel Teruggi

E30_Right D88_OwnershipRight E30_Right D88_OwnershipRight E72_Legal_Object E7_ Activity A12F_becameOwnerOf … A20F_isOn isA P14B_performed R22F_created A35F_hasRightType A10F_hasStartingDate A36F_hasPublicationDate A37F_hasPublicationCountry A33F_hasValidity R13B_realises A10F_hasStartingDate A34B_isRestrictedBy P1F_is_identified_by P102F_has_title “ Spaces of Mind” by Daniel Teruggi Exercise correction E39_Actor Daniel Teruggi C5_Copyright Exclusive right to broadcast D35_EconomicRight D50_MoralRight D37_BroadcastingRight D51_AttributionRight D42_FixationRight D46_ReproductionRight D48_AdaptationRight D52_IntegrityRight F20_Self-contained Expression The expression (of the idea) of Spaces of Mind C5_Copyright Exclusive right to do a fixation of the work F31_Expression_Creation Created the expression of (the idea of) Spaces of Mind E52_Time-Span T (from 1/1/2004 …) date 1 January 2004 D67_Country France D87_Validity T (from 1/1/2004 …) in France F21_Complex_Work Spaces of Mind E52_Time-Span T (from 1/1/2004 …) date 1 January 2004 D67_Country France E82_Actor_Appellation Daniel_Teruggi E35_Title Spaces_of_Mind

Intellectual Property Rights in long-term Digital Preservation ( Part 3 ) Practical Example & Demonstration Marlis Valentini, Claudio Prandoni Metaware S.p.A. – I CASPAR project wePreserve Training 23-27 March 2009, Barcelona (Spain)

Tools and User Interfaces User “ Cyclops” Tool (Tool for the Artistic Testbed in CASPAR) DRM Graphical User Interface (direct access to the key component ) DRM Key Component Use DRM services

Example: “Spaces of Mind” Objective To show the behaviour of the DRM Key Component To clarify The role of the DRM key component within the overall Preservation workflow The use of the Digital Rights Ontology

Objective

To show the behaviour of the DRM Key Component

To clarify

The role of the DRM key component within the overall Preservation workflow

The use of the Digital Rights Ontology

E30_Right D88_OwnershipRight E30_Right D88_OwnershipRight E72_Legal_Object E7_ Activity A12F_becameOwnerOf … A20F_isOn isA P14B_performed R22F_created A35F_hasRightType A10F_hasStartingDate A36F_hasPublicationDate A37F_hasPublicationCountry A33F_hasValidity R13B_realises A10F_hasStartingDate A34B_isRestrictedBy P1F_is_identified_by P102F_has_title “ Spaces of Mind” by Daniel Teruggi Graphical View of the Export Result E39_Actor Daniel Teruggi C5_Copyright Exclusive right to broadcast D35_EconomicRight D50_MoralRight D37_BroadcastingRight D51_AttributionRight D42_FixationRight D46_ReproductionRight D48_AdaptationRight D52_IntegrityRight F20_Self-contained Expression The expression (of the idea) of Spaces of Mind C5_Copyright Exclusive right to do a fixation of the work F31_Expression_Creation Created the expression of (the idea of) Spaces of Mind E52_Time-Span T (from 1/1/2004 …) date 1 January 2004 D67_Country France D87_Validity T (from 1/1/2004 …) in France F21_Complex_Work Spaces of Mind E52_Time-Span T (from 1/1/2004 …) date 1 January 2004 D67_Country France E82_Actor_Appellation Daniel_Teruggi E35_Title Spaces_of_Mind

P1F_is_identified_by P14B_performed P14B_performed R22F_created A20F_isOn Intellectual Property Rights Creation History Interoperable Provenance Information CIDOC-CRM core ontology Digital Rights Ontology E39_Actor Daniel Teruggi E21_Person Daniel Teruggi F31_Expression_Creation Creation of “ Spaces of Mind” E65_Creation Creation of “Spaces of Mind” E82_Actor_Appellation Daniel Teruggi F20_Self-Contained_Expression C5_Copyright R1 - Distribution Right C5_Copyright R2 - Reproduction Right C5_Copyright R3 - Attribution Right XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX DRM

Scenario: Change in Copyright Law (1/2) Goal: To ensure that the preservation of rights-protected material withstands changes in Law in long-term Example: An amendment to a Copyright Law introduces some Related Rights to people that perform spatial projections of acousmatic works , likewise interpreters of more traditional types of music.

Goal: To ensure that the preservation of rights-protected material withstands changes in Law in long-term

Example:

An amendment to a Copyright Law introduces some Related Rights to people that perform spatial projections of acousmatic works , likewise interpreters of more traditional types of music.

Scenario: Change in Copyright Law (2/2) Actions to do: The rules for correctly deriving existing rights must be updated through the DRM Administration Interface Rights information (PDI-Provenance) must be updated for all affected archive holdings the affected AIPs are retrieved ( FIND Key Component ) the rights are re-calculated ( DRM Key Component ) the new Provenance is packaged in the AIPs and stored (PACK and PDS Key Components)

Actions to do:

The rules for correctly deriving existing rights must be updated

through the DRM Administration Interface

Rights information (PDI-Provenance) must be updated for all affected archive holdings

the affected AIPs are retrieved ( FIND Key Component )

the rights are re-calculated ( DRM Key Component )

the new Provenance is packaged in the AIPs and stored (PACK and PDS Key Components)

Further Information CASPAR Developers Web Site: http://developers.casparpreserves.eu:8080/ Digital Rights Ontology resources: http://www.casparpreserves.eu/publications/ontologies/RightsOntology CASPAR Prototype GUI: http://developers.casparpreserves.eu:8080/CasparGui/ Cyclops Tool: http://www.utc.fr/caspar/wiki/pmwiki.php Contact persons: [email_address] [email_address]

CASPAR Developers Web Site: http://developers.casparpreserves.eu:8080/

Digital Rights Ontology resources: http://www.casparpreserves.eu/publications/ontologies/RightsOntology

CASPAR Prototype GUI:

http://developers.casparpreserves.eu:8080/CasparGui/

Cyclops Tool:

http://www.utc.fr/caspar/wiki/pmwiki.php

Contact persons:

[email_address]

[email_address]

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http:// creativecommons . org / licenses /by- nc - sa /3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http:// creativecommons . org / licenses /by- nc - sa /3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA.