3. History
First described in 17th centrury in pediatric
text book
In 1905 ,fritz schaudin described the
causative role of treponema pallidum.
4. Definition
syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease
caused by infection with the bacterium
treponema pallidum
congenital syphilis is defined as disease
transmitted from a pregnant mother to her
fetus
10. Host innate response
Direct interaction of T. pallidum with vascular
endothelium also seems to be an important
early event in the initiation of host innate
immune response to syphilitic infect ion
11.
12. Congenital Syphilis
Hydrops
fetalis
Nasal discharge
Petechial rash
Necrotizing
funisitis
within the matrix of
the umbilical cord
Hepatomegaly
Rash
Ostitis
, Metaphysitis, P
eriostitis
Wimberger sign
13. Decreased
mineralization of the
metaphyses of long
bones of the upper
extremities
bilateral lytic lesions of
the
talus, calcareous, and
proximal tibia A more specific finding is localized bony
destruction of the medial portion of the
(Wimberger sign)
proximal tibial metaphysic (Wimberger’s
medially sign). Other findings include metaphyseal
Radiographic Abnormalities serration (“sawtooth metaphyses”), and
diaphyseal involvement with periosteal
reaction.
14. Manifestations of
congenital syphilis -
Early congenital syphilis
Anemia
Oedma or wasting
Fever
Failure to thrive
Rhinitis or snaffles is an early symptom
Profuse mucopurlent discharge and nasal
congestion
Skin eruptions
Erythematous appearance
15. Mucuocutaneous lesions occur around the
nose, mouth, anus and vulva –moist and
readily produce fissuring and bleeding
Excoriations and ulcers are common in the
genital & perinatal region & on the face
Around the mouth may lead to radiating
scars called “rhagades”
Condyloma latum , which are flat, raised
plaques with moist surfaces,occur around the
anus and female genitals ;it is usually found
in later infancy, between 6 month 2 yrs.
16. Osteo chondritis and pseudo paralysis are
one of the congenital syphilis
Swelling and tenderness in localized areas
of the limb; generally found at the
elbow, wrists or knees
Dactylitis
- Hepatomegaly
- Lymph adenophathy
- Edema due to hyperproteniemia& renal
problem in severe cases.
17. Late congenital syphilis
Interstitial kerailts
Pain,photophobia&lacrimation
Vascular infiltration of deep layers of cornea
which presents a ground - glass
appearance& later become opaque.
Secondary iridocystitis
18. Neurosyphilis
Menigovascular syphilis with mental
retardation,fits,optic atrophy ,deafness&
cranial nerve paralysis may occur.
CNS syphilis in children may manifest as
antisocial behavior or rarely as juvenile tabes
(spinal cord involvement)or juvenile paresis
deafness may also occur due to syphilitic
middle ear
19. Gummatous lesions in the skin, mucus
membranes and bones( especially the skull)
Osteitis of the tibiae resulting in the forward
bowing( sabre skin)
Painless effusion into both the joints
( clutton’s joints).
20. Syphilis stigmata are result of severe early
congenital syphilis & become evident as the
child grows
It include
-crainal bossing
Flat nose
Defective teeth where permanent teeth are
peg shaped , especially the lower upper
central incisors( hutchison’s teeth)
26. Prevention
Serological blood test before marriage
Routine serololigic blood testing of
pregnant women in 1st and 3rd trimester
treatment of pregnant women before 18th
week