Re-inventing the city: creativity, knowledge and urban regeneration in Barcelona Accommodating Creative Knowledge: Urban and Regional Policy Perspectives Amsterdam, May 27 th 2009 Montserrat Pareja Eastaway University of Barcelona

Contents Barcelona, a popular place Barcelona, the context Re-inventing Barcelona Meaning Event-related developments Establishing pathways Culture-oriented internationalisation Strategic planning 22@ Enablers and inhibitors of success

Barcelona, a popular place

Barcelona, the context

Re-inventing Barcelona

Meaning

Event-related developments

Establishing pathways

Culture-oriented internationalisation

Strategic planning

22@

Enablers and inhibitors of success

Barcelona, a popular place

Barcelona: a popular place City for business European Cities Monitor 1990: BCN 11; 2007: BCN 4 (behind Londres, Paris, Frankfurt) Catalunya (Barcelona) and atraction of Foreign Direct Investment 4rth position in European ranking Barcelona and quality of life for workers 1st position (during 10 years)

City for business

European Cities Monitor

1990: BCN 11; 2007: BCN 4 (behind Londres, Paris, Frankfurt)

Catalunya (Barcelona) and atraction of Foreign Direct Investment

4rth position in European ranking

Barcelona and quality of life for workers

1st position (during 10 years)

Barcelona: a popular place Leisure supply Fairs and international events Human scale Mountains and seaside Environment at work Availability of infrastructures Quality of services Public policies and strategic vision International connectivity

Barcelona, the context Economic transformation … recent transformation towards a service economy … but still one of the most industrialised regions in Spain … dual landscape of the metropolitan region with respect to the centre : industrial sector (region) vs. service sector (city of Barcelona ) … specialisation in diversity with emergent sectors ….

… recent transformation towards a service economy

… but still one of the most industrialised regions in Spain

… dual landscape of the metropolitan region with respect to the centre : industrial sector (region) vs. service sector (city of Barcelona )

… specialisation in diversity with emergent sectors ….

Barcelona, the context Emergence of Creativity and Knowledge We were a heavily industrialised city, we have suffered a major tertiarisation of the economy and now we bet for new sectors. We want to turn Barcelona in a large centre of cultural production Jordi Hereu, Mayor of Barcelona , February 2008

We were a heavily industrialised city, we have suffered a major tertiarisation of the economy and now we bet for new sectors. We want to turn Barcelona in a large centre of cultural production

Jordi Hereu, Mayor of Barcelona , February 2008

Barcelona, the context Emergence of Creativity and Knowledge Barcelona, path dependant on creativity and culture  existence of a “cultural milieu” Barcelona provides an adequate “atmosphere” for creatives (soft factors) The main urban transformations of Barcelona are linked to large (cultural) events Barcelona has profited from historical pathways where creativity but not knowledge has a long standing tradition.

Barcelona, path dependant on creativity and culture  existence of a “cultural milieu”

Barcelona provides an adequate “atmosphere” for creatives (soft factors)

The main urban transformations of Barcelona are linked to large (cultural) events

Barcelona has profited from historical pathways where creativity but not knowledge has a long standing tradition.

Barcelona, the context Emergence of Creativity and Knowledge Employment in creative sectors over total employment. Barcelona province

Barcelona, the context Emergence of Creativity and Knowledge Employment in knowledge sectors over total employment. Barcelona province

Re-inventing the city: meaning Developing new economic trajectories? Reorienting urban specialisation? Identifying future targets? Re-writing the official discourse? Renewing citizen’s trust in public action?  Top – down approach to the future

Developing new economic trajectories?

Reorienting urban specialisation?

Identifying future targets?

Re-writing the official discourse?

Renewing citizen’s trust in public action?

 Top – down approach to the future

Re-inventing the city Event-related developments

Event-related developments The Olympic Transformation Barcelona became well-known at the international arena Emergence of a Barcelona Model: governance and innovation The internationalisation of the Barcelona “brand”

Barcelona became well-known at the international arena

Emergence of a Barcelona Model: governance and innovation

The internationalisation of the Barcelona “brand”

Event-related developments A Barcelona model Consensus Trust Legitimacy

Re-inventing the city Establishing pathways Culture-based internationalisation of the city Strategic planning 22@

Culture-based internationalisation of the city

Strategic planning

22@

Establishing pathways: culture-based internationalisation Existing cultural “milieu”

Existing cultural “milieu”

Establishing pathways: culture-based internationalisation Promoting culture

Promoting culture

Establishing pathways: Strategic planning

Establishing pathways: Strategic planning Knowledge Mobility and accessibility Promotion of strategic sectors Infrastructures and equipments Sustainability and environment

Knowledge

Mobility and accessibility

Promotion of strategic sectors

Infrastructures and equipments

Sustainability and environment

Establishing pathways: 22@ 1 . Increase the knowledge base through the generation of knowledge 2. Increase the knowledge basis by attracting knowledge 3. Intervention in transference and exchange of knowledge 4. Management and commercialization of intellectual property and knowledge products 5. Re-investment in knowledge: profits re-oriented to the production of knowledge 6. Development of support for knowledge activities 7. Compatibility in the development of complementary activities and knowledge activities 8. Intervention in complementary infrastructures, specially transport 9. Land for knowledge activities 10. Intervention over quality of life 11. Intervention over the social system

1 . Increase the knowledge base through the generation of knowledge

2. Increase the knowledge basis by attracting knowledge

3. Intervention in transference and exchange of knowledge

4. Management and commercialization of intellectual property and knowledge products

5. Re-investment in knowledge: profits re-oriented to the production of knowledge

6. Development of support for knowledge activities

7. Compatibility in the development of complementary activities and knowledge activities

8. Intervention in complementary infrastructures, specially transport

9. Land for knowledge activities

10. Intervention over quality of life

11. Intervention over the social system

Establishing pathways: 22@ 1960-1990; obsolescent industrial area

Establishing pathways: 22@ 1998: governmental debate Conversion into a residential area Preserve productive vocation

Establishing pathways: 22@ New model of compact city

Establishing pathways: 22@ 2001-2008. Transformation Identification of available land Land planning Urban management Corporative Projects Infrastructures Building Compact city

Establishing pathways: 22@ 5 clusters

Enablers and inhibitors of success Enablers Trust gained in the political strategy Definition of long term strategies , agreed by key actors Availability of “soft” location factors Cultural asset The Barcelona brand as competitive advantage for priority sectors Political stability of the Barcelona city council Top-down approach in providing facilities like the innovative district 22 @ Inhibitors Difficulties in changing the productive model: low salaries and productivity S carce investment in R&D Limited capability to attract multinationals Need to improve infrastructures Weak educationa l structures Lack of coordination between the different local governments An “ excessive” leadership assumed by the city of Barcelona

Enablers

Trust gained in the political strategy

Definition of long term strategies , agreed by key actors

Availability of “soft” location factors

Cultural asset

The Barcelona brand as competitive advantage for priority sectors

Political stability of the Barcelona city council

Top-down approach in providing facilities like the innovative district 22 @

Inhibitors

Difficulties in changing the productive model: low salaries and productivity

S carce investment in R&D

Limited capability to attract multinationals

Need to improve infrastructures

Weak educationa l structures

Lack of coordination between the different local governments

An “ excessive” leadership assumed by the city of Barcelona