M e m o r y & L e a r n i n g Corbin Thompson EDCI 500

Types of Memory Sensory memory Short term or working memory Long term memory

Sensory memory

Short term or working memory

Long term memory

Sensory Memory Sensory memory is the initial processing that transforms incoming stimuli into information so the brain can make sense of the information. Large capacity Fragile in short duration

Sensory memory is the initial

processing that transforms incoming

stimuli into information so

the brain can make sense

of the information.

Large capacity

Fragile in short duration

Short Term or Working Memory Short term or working memory is the information you are focusing on at the given moment. Fragile and easily lost Must be kept activated to be retained longer than 20 seconds

Short term or working memory is the

information you are focusing on at the

given moment.

Fragile and easily lost

Must be kept activated

to be retained longer

than 20 seconds

Long Term Memory Long term memory is the permanent storage of memory in the brain. The capabilities of long term memory seem unlimited. Once information is securely stored in long term memory it can remain permanently.

Long term memory is the permanent

storage of memory in the brain. The

capabilities of long term memory seem

unlimited.

Once information is

securely stored in long

term memory it can remain

permanently.

Types of Long Term Memory Declarative- knowing verbal information, facts, “knowing something is the case” Examples: Braille, sign language, ballet Procedural- knowledge that is demonstrated when we perform a task, “knowing how” Examples: driving a car, using a computer Conditional- knowing when and why to use declarative and procedural knowledge Examples: reading vs. skimming a textbook

Declarative- knowing verbal information, facts, “knowing something is the case”

Examples: Braille, sign language, ballet

Procedural- knowledge that is demonstrated when we perform a task, “knowing how”

Examples: driving a car, using a computer

Conditional- knowing when and why to use declarative and procedural knowledge

Examples: reading vs. skimming a textbook

Remembering Mnemonics- the procedure for improving memory technique, the “art of memory” Loci method- technique of associating items and specific places Peg-type mnemonics- system of associating items with cue words Acronym- technique for remembering names, phrases, and steps by using the 1 st letter of each word to form a new, memorable word

Mnemonics- the procedure for improving memory technique, the “art of memory”

Loci method- technique

of associating items and

specific places

Peg-type mnemonics- system of associating items with cue words

Acronym- technique for remembering names, phrases, and steps by using the 1 st letter of each word to form a new, memorable word

Examples of Memory Techniques A common mnemonic acronym is ROY G. BIV which helps science students remember the colors of the visible spectrum—Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet. IPMAT helps Biology students remember the stages of cell division—Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telephase. “ 30 days has September” rhyme to remember the days in each month

A common mnemonic acronym is ROY G. BIV which helps science students remember the colors of the visible spectrum—Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet.

IPMAT helps Biology students remember the stages of cell division—Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telephase.

“ 30 days has September” rhyme to remember the days in each month

Forgetting Forgetting, or decay, is the weakening and fading of memories over time. As new thoughts accumulate, old information is lost from working memory If you don’t continue to pay attention to information, the activation level decays

Forgetting, or decay, is the weakening

and fading of memories over

time.

As new thoughts accumulate,

old information is lost from

working memory

If you don’t continue to pay

attention to information, the

activation level decays

Learning Allan Paivio suggested that information is stored in long term memory as visual images, verbal units, or both. Information coded both visually and verbally is easiest to learn. Explaining ideas with text and visual images is the most helpful in teaching students.

Allan Paivio suggested that information is stored in long term memory as visual images, verbal units, or both.

Information coded

both visually and verbally

is easiest to learn.

Explaining ideas with

text and visual images is

the most helpful in teaching students.