The Benefits of Cogility

COGILITY SOFTWARE The Leader In Model Driven Complex Event Processing Cogility Studio: Product Differentiation Cogility Studio Conceptual Background 1 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation 1 All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

When the Model is Not the System   Most modeling software is like the Legotm H2 Hummer   The Model creates a facsimile of the real thing   The Model is not executable like the real thing   Nobody mistakes the model for the real thing   The Model has value because it helps you understand the high- level components of the real system by using high level abstractions   In other words, if you actually want a Hummer that you can drive, you still have a lot of work to do 2 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

The Real System is MUCH More Complex   An actual system is like the General Motors H2 Hummer   It requires much more effort to build   There are many other actual sub- systems that need to be designed and implemented, beyond the high level abstractions provided by the model   It takes an enormous amount of effort to actually realize the modeling abstractions   It actually needs to operate in a real environment   Nobody mistakes the GM H2 for the Lego H2   Most normal people do not attempt to build their own equivalent of the GM H2, even though this is theoretically possible 3 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

What if…   It were possible to build a model of a system using a much superior modeling environment with rich semantics that allowed you to describe the most complex artifacts of a real Hummer   Such a model, after it was built, could actually become the system it represents by animating the model semantics   It could be operated in a manner indistinguishable from the desired real system…(except that it is much easier to maintain and repair) This is the fundamental difference between Cogility and other modeling tools: Cogility enables the Hummer model to operate like a real Hummer! 4 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Cogility Studio: The Model is the System   A model of an IT system built within Cogility Studio is not a facsimile of the system being modeled, with static representations of desired behavior   The model specified semantics will actually execute exactly as specified, enabling the model to become the system   When the Model is the System, as the model is maintained the system follows, automatically   The executable model can be easily extended to encompass new capabilities as business requirements change   The model executes in a high-performance, scalable environment This is the fundamental difference between Cogility and other modeling tools: Cogility enables the system model to run like the real system, because the Model becomes the System! 5 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Cogility Studio: Architecture Big Cogility Studio: Architecture Big Picture Studio EAI EII BPM EDA: Event Driven Architecture SOA: Service Oriented Architecture Web Web Data Event Data Schema Processes Service Service Schema Transforms Handlers Transforms Deployment Orchestration J2EE: Application Abstraction Layer JDBC: Storage abstraction Layer IBM BEA JBoss Oracle IBM SQL WebSphere Weblogic 9i DB2 Server Windows Linux Solaris AIX MacOS OS400 6 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Conventional MDA Approach: Model Translation   Conventional approach to an MDA based executable model is via translation. The UML UML System Model model is translated by some means to a 3GL language, which is then executed after compilation and deployment in a Virtual Model Execution Virtual Model Environment. Execution Environment   Problems: Deployment, 3GL Form testability, debugging, Model interaction, divergence, using pre-existing 3GL libraries, disjoint data and behavior. Data 7 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Translation: An Evolutionary Approach   Model Driven systems are a paradigm shift in the way in which systems are generated.   MDA with translation is an evolutionary change, since what is ultimately executing is the compiled 3GL code, just as in the hand-coded systems.   The translation is inherently lossy, because the execution environment does not have the capacity to understand the model semantically   Furthermore, there is a varying degree of completeness in the translation   A paradigm shift cannot be effected by evolutionary changes.   Too easy to fall back into the previous paradigm 8 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Cogility Studio: Model Driven Execution (MDX)   Cogility’s approach is more akin to “programming with objects” than “object oriented programming”, while offering full benefits of the latter.   Each model artifact has predefined executable behavior that implements a useful capability   Generic model artifacts can be combined to create systems that could not have been conceived when the class of model artifacts was created   Software “Legos”   Cogility’s MDX approach keeps the model and the implementation tightly synchronized by maintaining the model as an invariant from high-level abstraction to the lowest level of implementation detail.   Simply put, it is WYSIWYG when it comes to model and implementation 9 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Cogility Studio: Model Driven Execution   Cogility does not depend Configuration Managed Model upon model translation Process into 3GL code for Services execution. Behavior Information   Instead, Cogility’s XForms extensible Model Action Messaging Transaction Semantics are directly executable within a Model Execution Environment with integrated execution data, which alleviates the Direct Model problems associated with Execution Environment translation techniques. Auto-deployment, direct debugging, direct Executable Model interaction, no divergence, direct usage of pre-existing 3GL Cogility Manager libraries, integrated data and behavior. Integrated Execution Data and Behavior 10 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Cogility Studio: Execution Architecture Cogility Modeler Repository Authoring Interface Logic + Data Repository Exec Cogility App Action Manager Semantics Server WS/JMS Interface 11 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Cogility Studio: Automated J2EE Model Interface Generated Browser View DB EDA Activation Messaging Direct Model Execution Environment SOA Executable Timing Services Model Daemon Cogility Manager 12 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Cogility Studio: Directly Executable Model-Driven Action Semantics Database Access Service Message Invocation Publish Direct Model Execution Environment Action Action Semantics Executable Semantics Tests Model Reports Cogility Manager Action Action Semantics Semantics Scripts Extracts 13 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Cogility Studio: Highly Accessible Execution Data Database Backups Restores Direct Database Database Tuning Cleanup Execution Data Federated SQL Model Data Reports Metadata Solutions 14 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Cogility Manager: Model Aware Execution Environment   Cogility’s execution environment has complete semantic awareness of the model, with the full richness of the modeling environment   The system is self aware and has a semantic understanding of the system information model, as well as the interfaces to it and to any other system it communicates with   The system is aware of the Model Action Semantics it can execute and how these relate to specifics in the system model   Every row of data in the execution database is self-aware and knows how it relates to others and the business processes and behaviors it provides within the system   System data structures are aware of behaviors they provide 15 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Limits of Human Comprehension   Research in cognitive science indicates that on average we can integrate 7 ± 2 unrelated concepts at a time without error   Beyond that, we use a technique called “chunking” to group similar, well understood concepts together to reduce complexity   These chunks can then be used as building blocks for higher level concepts   Thus, even highly detailed, extremely complex concepts can be successively aggregated into a finite number of high level building blocks that can be intuitively understood 17 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Chunking and Evolution of Computer Languages   The concept of aggregating low-level detail into a reusable chunk is common in the evolution of computer languages   Converting Binary to Hex is a form of chunking   Every generation of computer language provides a higher level understanding of the domain, which allows a single command to define a complex sequence of lower-level commands   1GL (Machine Language): every instruction is at the machine level   2GL (Assembler): created for specific processors, has a set of structured commands that reflect many machine language instructions   RISC processor does more chunking   3GL (C, Java etc): general purpose higher level language that is not processor specific and allows for more general commands than 2GL   Each higher level language aggregates details of the lower level into reusable chunks 18 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Applying Chunking to a Typical IT System Parse Input Command Transform? Do Work Read/Save Stuff Response Talk to Other 19 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Cogility Studio: Reducing IT Complexity by Chunking   Cogility defines an IT System using a combination of powerful, executable, system scaffolding modeling artifacts, which can be instantiated as necessary to represent the functional chunks   Model Driven Smart Persistent Objects, exhibiting   Automatic transacted database CRUD behavior with association traversal   Inheritance   Behavior Definition   Process Definition (state full, long-lived)   Model Driven Smart Data Structures, exhibiting   Inheritance   Behavior Definition   Model Driven Communication Artifacts, exhibiting   Synchronous input/output using SOA   Asynchronous input/output using EDA   Model Driven Data Activation Artifacts, exhibiting   Remote database input/output   Ability to respond to remote data triggers   Model Driven Transformation Artifacts, exhibiting   Common Warehouse Metamodel based transforms   XSLT based transforms 20 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Cogility Studio: Executable Action Semantics   Further, Cogility provides a number of powerful, executable, system logic modeling artifacts in the form of Model Action Semantics keywords   Each Action Semantic keyword has inherent executable capability and does not need to be decomposed further and translated to 3GL code to execute   It would take many lines of 3GL code to implement equivalent capability effectively and consistently for every usage   Action Semantics can be safely and easily expanded if required.   Action Semantics artifacts can be combined in arbitrary ways and embedded inside the scaffolding modeling artifacts, allowing them to behave in a manner that is completely new and directly representative of system requirements   Programmable Software Legos   Modeling constructs are like a RISC system, making them easier to grasp and retain based upon rules of human cognition, resulting in a flatter learning curve   Repetitive use of well understood, well tested, automated patterns can build highly complex solutions while drastically reducing hand-coded low-level artifacts 21 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Cogility Studio: Action Semantics Chunks   The Action Semantics itself can be chunked as follows   Basic (Declaration, Assignment, Arithmetic, Logical Operators)   Database   Control Structure   Behavior Invocation   Communication   Exceptions 22 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Conclusion: Model Driven Execution With Cogility Studio   Cogility Studio provides essential executable modeling artifacts which can be used to model and execute the required system.   System is much easier to develop   Each type of modeling artifact provides useful executable capability in the domain where Cogility is used   It would take an extensive, systematic and expensive coding effort to reproduce the execution capability provided by the modeling artifacts in a 3GL language   Modeling artifacts are directly executable, and auto deploy to a scalable, cross platform execution environment in a manner that closely integrates execution data with system behavior   Shields users from technological complexities of the execution environment while maintaining interaction at the system model level   Modeling artifacts do not require translation into 3GL form, either manually or through code-generation   System is easier to manage, test, document, certify and maintain   With Cogility, the Model Is The System, and the two never diverge   The model becomes the single source of system information and organizational competitive advantage 23 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Additional Reading   Some of the concepts that have been discussed here have been discussed by others.   Some practical books that provide useful concepts   Business Engineering With Object Technology by David A. Taylor. Published by John Wiley & Sons.   Old book, but extremely easy to understand and easy to read. Good for model- based concepts.   The Object Primer, by Scott W. Ambler. Cambridge University Press.   Parts of this are aimed at hands-on developers, but others are relevant for just about anyone, to understand the modeling process.   See www.agilemodeling.com   CAVEAT: These books assume that the modeling effort will be followed by coding, which is NOT the case in Cogility since Cogility models are executable. 24 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

Cogility Studio: The Model Is The System   Cogility’s unique abilities   Cogility’s unique capability is Model Driven Execution, which goes beyond just being MDA compatible.   Cogility Studio uniquely provides a directly executable, auto-generated end- application, unlike other MDA approaches that generate code stubs that have to be manually hand-coded to conform to the system model and then manually synchronized as the system model changes.   Cogility’s unique features:   Model Driven Transacted Persistence, allowing model action semantics to automatically control low-level database operations.   Model Driven Durable Messaging, allowing model action semantics to control low level messaging operations.   Model Driven Behavior Specification using executable action semantics.   Model Driven Process Execution, allowing high level business process models to directly execute at the physical level.   Model Driven Data Transformation, allowing for model action semantics to seamlessly control the access of similar data in dissimilar formats.   Model Driven Service Specification and Orchestration, allowing the model to directly specify complex services and orchestrate complex remote services with full control over the associated data flow.   Model Driven Data Activation, allowing the system model to react to changes in data in remote databases.   Model Driven Test Scenarios, with executable action semantics based tests that can interact directly with the low level physical layer.   Model Driven Documentation, by exploiting the detailed system metadata inherent in the model.   Comprehensive Model Configuration Management, from high level abstraction to low level implementation artifact within the execution environment. 25 © 2010 Cogility Software Corporation All Rights Reserved. Proprietary and Confidential.

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The Benefits of Cogility

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