2. Markets Soft-Laws State/Federal Laws
Top-Down
Economic Systems Urban Systems
Biodiversity Transportation
Major Banks
Water Health
Sovereign Debts
Soil Erosion Energy
Ecosystemic Services
Bottom-Up
« Take Ownership »
3. “The technology
community has
set up interactive
maps to help us
identify needs and
target resources.”
5. blackcloud.org
● Multimodal sensor (light, temperature, noise,
CO2, organic volatile compounds)
● 37 participants over a period of 35 days in
the Bay Area and Greater Los Angeles
● Gamified approach to learning about
pollution
Other Projects
http://airqualityegg.wikispaces.com/
http://aircasting.org/
11. Sensors
● Located at the edge of the « smart » city
architecture
● Combine soft sensing (using our 5 senses) with
hard sensing (IoT/UbiComp)
● Complementarity of DIY (discovery) and traditional
manufacturing (replication)
● Standards for identifiers, formats, semantics and
protocols supporting participatory approaches
● Additional considerations :
● Data ownership and terms of use (open data)
● Sensor selection and calibration (trust)
● Privacy and anonymity
DIY Counter by Tomorrow Lab
13. Execution
● Learn from : citizen science
● Action, conservation, investigation, virtual, education
(Crowston, Wiggins)
● Protocol design and quality control (task granularity)
● Motivation factors : collective, norm-oriented,
identification, intrinsic, reward (Nov et al.)
● Crowdmapping and disaster-relief
● What relief teams want vs what volunteers report
● Data provenance and veracity
● Conciling TOS of popular services with agency
regulations
● Task coordination under heavy constraints
●
Micro-tasking platforms (Amazon Mechanical
Turk, Kaggle, etc.) turn to mechanism design
to optimize participation, incentives and results
● Symmetric governance structures with
progression potential for participants
15. Simplified
Peak Oil
Example
Thinking In Systems
● Put observations into context
● Use conceptual models and create
simulations
● Recognize interconnections
● Identify feedback and delays
● Understand dynamic behavior
● Differentiate flows and stocks
● Open and Transdisciplinary
approach with multiple roles :
● Observers and collectors
● Instrument makers
● Data scientists
● Domain and policy experts
● Leverage modeling environments
and visualization kits available (R,
NetLogo, Insight Maker, d3, Tangle,
OpenStreetMap, etc.)
● Test alternative policies around a
shared model of understanding
Source : de Castro Carranza http://insightmaker.com/insight/2993
16. Modeling, Simulation and Discussion
Hard Sensing Soft Sensing
Shared Understanding
Filter Change ?
Multi-Scale Visualization
Repeatable Accross a Variety of Ecosystems
Instrumentation of Model Report Events and
Variables Over Time Rent-a-Sensor Smartphone Context
and DIY Feature Phone
CO, CO2, O2, CH4, H2, NH3, 311-type events, ideas,
C4H10, CH3CH2OH, C6H5H3, best practices addressing
H2S, NO2, O3, VOC, Air
elements in the shared
model of understanding.
Temperature, Humidity,
Pressure, PIR, Noise,
Magnetic Field, Soil Citizens Sensing
Temperature, open data, etc..
17. “Design a way to monitor the natural and industrial systems
around you and make them knowable to you and your
colleagues.
Don’t try to do it alone.
We are all designers now.”
John Thackara
In The Bubble
Jean-Paul de Vooght
http://citizensensing.posterous.com/
18. References
● HOME, Arthus-Bertrand, https://www.youtube.com/movie?feature=plcp&v=jqxENMKaeCU
● Urban sensing : out of the woods, Cuff et al., http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1325562
● Workshop at the 10th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing,
http://www.urban-atmospheres.net/Ubicomp2008/
● Technology-Mediated Citizen Science Participation: A Motivational Model, Nov et al.,
http://www.citeulike.org/user/jhincapie/article/9405389
● Common Sense, http://www.communitysensing.org/
● Citizen Science : Enabling Participatory Urbanism, Paulos et al.,
http://www.igi-global.com/chapter/citizen-science-enabling-participatory-urbanism/21817
● People-Centric Urban Sensing, Campbell et al., http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1234179
●
Eye On Earth Summit 2011, Working Group White Papers,
http://www.eyeonearthsummit.org/working-groups/working-group-3
●
Agent-Based Participatory Simulations: Merging Multi-Agent Systems and Role-Playing Games, Guyot and Honiden,
http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/9/4/8.html
●
Crowdsourcing, citizen sensing and sensor web technologies for public and environmental health surveillance and
crisis management: trends, OGC standards and application examples, Kamel Boulos et al.,
http://www.ij-healthgeographics.com/content/10/1/67
● The future of citizen science: emerging technologies and shifting paradigms, Newman et al.,
http://www.monitoringmatters.org/articles/Newman.pdf
● Crowdsourcing Crisis Information in Disaster-Affected Haiti, Heinzelman et al.,
http://www.usip.org/publications/crowdsourcing-crisis-information-in-disaster-affected-haiti
● Ownership in the City, Virtueel Platform, http://virtueelplatform.nl/english/news/ownership-in-the-hybrid-city/
● Participatory System Dynamics Modeling for Sustainable Environmental Management: Observations from Four
Cases, Stave et al., http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/2/9/2762
● Citizen Sensor Data Mining, Social Media Analytics and Development Centric Web Applications, Sheth et al.,
http://videolectures.net/www2011_sheth_velmurugan_csd/
