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GNH Survey Findings 2010 The Centre for Bhutan Studies

Demographics

Psychological Wellbeing

Health

Proportion of people with long-term disability by age35.0%30.0%25.0%20.0%15.0%10.0%5.0%0.0% <=20 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 51-55 56-60 61-65 >65

0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% Tashi Yangtse 25.0% Lhuntse Pema GatshelSamdrup Jongkhar Paro Tashigang Mongar Tsirang Bumthang Punakha Sarpang ChukhaWangdue Phodrang Trongsa Samtse Thimphu Haa Proportion of people with disability by Dzongkhag Zhemgang Dagana Gasa

Alcohol consumption in life and in past 12 months by Dzongkhag 90 80 70 60Percent 50 40 30 20 10 0 Life Current The area under the green shade represents the proportion who have quitted the habit

Smoking in life and in past 12 months by Dzongkhag 25 20 15Percent 10 5 0 Yes Current The area under the green shade represents the proportion who have quitted the habit

Smoking in life and in past 12 months by Education 50 45 40 35 30Percent 25 20 15 10 5 0 Yes Current The area under the green shade represents the proportion who have quitted the habit

Doma chewing in life and in past 12 months by Dzongkhag 90 80 70 60Percent 50 40 30 20 10 0 Life Current The area under the green shade represents the proportion who have quitted the habit

Time Use and Balance

24-hours in the life of Bhutanese Business/services, 1: Community, 0:07 26 Care, 0:19 Agriculture, 1:48 Construction, 0:12 Crafts, 0:23 Sleeping, 8:28 Forestry, 0:28 Personal care, 3:10 Sports, 1:24Waiting, 0:02Education, 0:06 HH_management, 2: Travelling, 1:02 04 Processing, 0:07 Religious, 0:46 Socio-cultural, 1:02 Mining, 0:02 Livestock, 0:54

24-hours in the life of rural people Business/services, 0: 51 Care, 0:14 Community, 0:09 Agriculture, 2:26 Construction, 0:14 Crafts, 0:16 Sleeping, 8:35 Forestry, 0:37 Personal care, 3:14Waiting, 0:01 Education, 0:03 HH_management, 1:Travelling, 1:07 Religious, 0:49 56 Processing, 0:08 Socio-cultural, 1:01 Livestock, 1:13 Sports, 0:53 Mining, 0:03

24-hours in the life of urban people Care, 0:33 Agriculture, 0:07 Community, 0:03 Construction, 0:06 Business/services, 2: Crafts, 0:43 58 Sleeping, 8:09 Forestry, 0:03 HH_management, 2: 27 Personal care, 3:00 Sports, 2:49Education,0:03 Waiting, 0:15Travelling, 0:49 Processing, 0:04 Religious, 0:36 Mining, 0:00 Socio-cultural, 1:04 Livestock, 0:02

24-hour in the life of farmers Business/services, 0: 13 Care, 0:14 Community, 0:08 Agriculture, 3:05 Construction, 0:14 Crafts, 0:12 Forestry, 0:43 Sleeping, 8:44 Personal care, 3:16 Livestock, 1:30 Waiting, 0:01Education, 0:01 HH_management, 1: 58 Travelling, 1:06 Religious, 0:45 Processing, 0:08 Sports, 0:32 Socio-cultural, 0:57 Mining, 0:02

24-hours in the life of civil servants Care, 0:28 Agriculture, 0:04 Community, 0:02 Construction, 0:01 Business/services, 4: Forestry, 0:03 27 Crafts, 0:03 Sleeping, 8:18 Personal care, 3:11 Sports, 2:42 Waiting, 0:03 Education, 0:04 HH_management, 1: Travelling, 1:16 30 Religious, 0:32Processing, 0:01 Socio-cultural, 1:06 Livestock, 0:01 Mining, 0:00

24-hours in the life of house wives Business/services, 0: Care, 0:51 Agriculture, 0:09 02 Community, 0:04 Construction, 0:01 Forestry, 0:03 Crafts, 2:04 Sleeping, 8:18 HH_management, 3: 59 Personal care, 2:54 Sports, 2:48Waiting, 0:01Education, 0:03Travelling, 0:32Processing, 0:04 Religious, 0:33 Socio-cultural, 1:21 Mining, 0:00Livestock, 0:03

Education

% of respondents who knows the names of their great- grandparents by age 40 35 30 25Percent 20 15 10 5 0 <=20 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 51-55 56-60 61-65 >65 Age

Knowledge in 13 arts and crafts Weaving 30.22 Masonry 17.63Bamboo works 17.05 Carpentry 16.89 Painting 6.66 Embroidery 6.34 Carving 2.06Blacksmithing 1.20Leather works 1.17 Sculpture 0.78Paper making 0.69 Casting 0.67 Gold/silver… 0.35 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Percent

% of people who know at what age a person can vote Dagana 71.40 Thimphu 71.24 Tsirang 71.04 Chukha 69.78 Paro 69.53 Sarpang 69.49Tashi Yangste 67.36 Samtse 66.66 Gasa 66.2 Mongar 64.51 Punakha 62.83 Bumthang 60.33 Wangdue… 60.07Pema Gatshel 59.98 Haa 59.06 Tashigang 58.86 Samdrup… 58.16 Zhemgang 57.71 Trongsa 56.42 Lhuntse 52.19 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Percent

% of respondents who know at what age a person can vote 90 80 77.57 75.7 72.92 70 67.59 65.25 65.6 63.15 59.26 58.61 60 50 48.1Percent 41.63 40 30 20 10 0 <=20 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 51-55 56-60 61-65 >65 Age

Knowledge of how long a child should be breastfed exclusively Samtse 59.04 Chukha 58.89 Tsirang 57.06 Thimphu 55.07 Sarpang 54.82 Gasa 51.09 Haa 47.05 Paro 46.42 Punakha 45.84 Dagana 44.98 Bumthang 41.87 Zhemgang 41.1 Mongar 40.29 Wangdue… 37.85 Trongsa 37.68Tashi Yangste 34.87Pema Gatshel 33 Samdrup… 31.96 Tashigang 31.76 Lhuntse 26.86 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Percent

Knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding (female) Chukha 60.65 Tsirang 60.04 Thimphu 59.08 Samtse 58.75 Sarpang 55.59 Dagana 51.91 Paro 49.5 Haa 48.52 Gasa 47.58 Punakha 43.13 Mongar 42.8Bumthang 42.49 Wangdu… 40.08Zhemgang 37.26 Tashi… 36.78 Trongsa 35.86 Samdru… 35.76 Pema… 33.25 Lhuntse 28.68Tashigang 26.49 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Percent

Cultural Diversity

How well can you speak your mother tongue now? 0.3% 3.8% 0.7% 95.2% Not at all Only a little Quite well Very well

Importance of Bhutanese Traditions 0.3% 8.1% 0.5% 91.1% Not important Important Very important Dont Know

Do you think children respect elders? 1.6% 25.8% 27.5% 45.0% Not at all A little Quite a lot A lot

Do you think children respect parents? 1.2% 19.2% 35.2% 44.4% Not at all A little Quite a lot A lot

Do you think children practice discipline(drig)? 1.8% 25.0% 28.3% 44.8% Not at all A little Quite a lot A lot

Do you think children practice honesty? 1.7% 20.1% 33.5% 44.7% Not at all A little Quite a lot A lot

Do you think children practice tolerance? 15.3% 6.4% 42.3% 36.0% Not at all A little Quite a lot A lot

Do you think children work hard? 1.1% 28.9% 24.7% 45.4% Not at all A little Quite a lot A lot

Do you think children practice obedience to authority? 1.2% 21.2% 31.3% 46.3% Not at all A little Quite a lot A lot

Do you think children take care of family members and relatives? 0.7% 17.3% 36.5% 45.5% Not at all A little Quite a lot A lot

Do you think children help others? 1.3% 23.5% 27.4% 47.8% Not at all A little Quite a lot A lot

Do you think children practice impartiality towards rich, poor, etc? 7.6% 22.5% 30.4% 39.5% Not at all A little Quite a lot A lot

Women are more suited for domestic work/ house work than men 27.7% 9.7% 62.7% Agree Neither agree nor disagree Disagree

An education is more important for a boy than a girl 17.1% 9.8% 73.0% Agree Neither agree nor disagree Disagree

On the whole, men make better leaders than women do 30.2% 54.0% 15.9% Agree Neither agree nor disagree Disagree

Females tend to carry drip 10.6% 8.9% 80.5%Agree Neither agree nor disagreeDisagree

Do you take part in local festivals in your community? 5.9% 51.3% 42.8% Never Sometimes Always

In a year, how many days do you spend attending social and cultural activities? 5.7% 6.9% 6.7% 20.1% 60.6% None 1-5 days 6-12 days 13-20 days +20 days

Frequency of playing traditional games in the past 12 months 1.8% 5.9% 17.1% 75.2% Never A few times a year Once or twice a month More than once a week

Frequency of playing modern games in the past 12 months 4.7% 4.3% 7.4% 83.6% Never A few times a year Once or twice a month More than once a week

Is Driglam Namzha (etiquette) important? 6.1% 0.5% 93.4% Not important Important Very important

Change in Driglam Namzha (etiquette) during the last few years 19.9% 60.7% 19.4% Getting weaker Stayed same Getting stronger

During the last few years, most people in Bhutan have become 11.4% 24.4% 64.2% Less compassionate Stayed the same More compassionateGNH Survey 2010

During the last few years, most people in Bhutan have become 1.9% 10.3% 87.8% More concerned about material wealth Stayed the same Less concerned about material wealthGNH Survey 2010

During the last few years, most people in Bhutan have become 16.1% 51.7% 32.1% More selfish Stayed the same Less selfishGNH Survey 2010

During the last few years, most people in Bhutan have become 28.3% 34.4% 37.3% Less honest Stayed the same More honestGNH Survey 2010

During the last few years, most people in Bhutan have become 8.8% 19.5% 71.6% Less spiritual Stayed the same More spiritualGNH Survey 2010

During the last few years, most people in Bhutan have become 22.5% 39.5% 38.0% Less tolerant Stayed the same More tolerantGNH Survey 2010

Change in deterioration of traditional architectural designs in houses over the last 5y 21.5% 22.3% 25.4% 30.7% A lot Moderate Little None GNH Survey 2010

Good Governance

Did you attend zomdue in the past 12 months? 40% 60% No Yes

Mean zomdue attendance in the past 12 months 66 5 4420 Village/Chiwog level Gewog level Thromdue level

Performance of the dzongdag in the past 12 months 5.2% 0.5% 0.1% 51.8% 42.5% Very poor Poor Average Good Very good

Performance of the MP (National Assembly) in the past 12 months 2% 1% 11% 41% 45% Very poor Poor Average Good Very good

Performance of the MP (National Council) in the past 12 months 3% 1% 11% 41% 45% Very poor Poor Average Good Very good

Did you vote for gup, MP or thromdey representative in the last election? 16% 84% Did not vote Voted

Voter turnout by gender Male Female 13% 19% 87% 81% Did not vote VotedGNH Survey 2010

Election process 3% 97%Free and fair Not free and fair

Involved in case before the court in the past five years 8% 92% Yes No

Freedom of media from government influences 12% 15% 34% 39% Not free Quite free Completely free Dont Know

Do you have access to BBS Radio 18% 82% No Yes

Do you have access to BBS TV 45% 55% No Yes

Do you have access to newspapers 44% 56% No Yes

Do you have access to internet 23% 77% No Yes

Perception of corruption 17%25% 59% Common Not common Dont Know

No. of people involved in corruption in government sectors 1.7% 16.4% 27.8% 5.3% 48.8% All Most A few None Dont Know

No. of people involved in corruption in private sectors 3% 19% 24% 5% 49% All Most A few None Dont Know

No. of people involved in corruption in corporation 1.1% 20.9% 20.1% 6.1% 51.8% All Most A few None Dont Know

Community Vitality

Pe 10 20 30 40 m 0 a G at Ta she l 38 sh ig an g 36 Ta G sh a i Y sa 34 an gs Lh te un ts 32 32 Ts eW ira an ng gd Pu ue na Ph kha od ra n M g on g Tr ar on gs a Zh Ha em a 30 30 30 30 29 29 g Bu ang m th an Sa gSa m ts m D e 29 28 28 dr ag up a Jo na 28 ng kh ar 26 Pa Sa ro 24 rp an C g hu k Th ha 21 21 im Duration of stay in the community by dzongkhag ph u 13

Tr us 10 20 30 tm 0 os to ft he m 32Tr us ts om e of th em 23Tr us ta fe w of th em 18Tr us tn on e of th em 17 Duration of stay in the community by trust in neighbours

Duration of stay in the community (in years) 1.4% 19.1% 12.6% 66.9% Less than 1 year 1-5 years Greater than 5 to 10 years More than 10 years

Did you give people unpaid voluntary help in the past 12 months? 46% 54% Did not volunteer Volunteered

Did you give people unpaid voluntary help in the past 12 months? Male Female 41% 48% 52% 59% Did not volunteer VolunteeredGNH Survey 2010

Did you give people unpaid voluntary help in the past 12 months? 1 Rural 2 Urban 34% 38% 62% 66% Did not volunteer Volunteered GNH Survey 2010

In the past 12 months, did you donate money or goods? 10% 90% Did not provide donation Provided donation

5,000 0 Th im Bu phu m th 14009 an g G 9696 as a 9032 H Pu aa na 7483 kh a 6606 Pa ro C hu 6231 kh Tr a TaW on gs an shi gd Ya a ue ng Ph ste od ra 559655735488Sa ng m dr Lhu up n Jo tse ng 52835190 Ta kha sh r ig 4041 an g Pe Mo m ng a ar G at 32823235 sh e Ts l i 2897 Zh ran Mean donation by dzongkhag em g ga Sa ng rp 28252345 an Sa g m ts D e ag an a 229222312087

Sense of belonging to your local community 3% 25% 71% Weak Somewhat strong Very strong

Sense of belonging to your local community by dzongkhag Bumthang Chukha Dagana Gasa Haa 4% 5% 2% 1% 12% 6% 27% 30% 28% 24% 69% 65% 70% 70% 86% Lhuntse Mongar Paro Pema Gatshel Punakha 3% 14% 2% 2% 3% 2% 19% 25% 18% 22% 82% 78% 73% 78% 76% Samdrup Jongkhar Samtse Sarpang Thimphu Tashigang 5% 3% 1% 13% 5% 1% 17% 27% 25% 49% 46% 69% 72% 85% 82% Tashi Yangste Trongsa Tsirang Wangdue Phodrang Zhemgang 1% 15% 6% 2% 11% 6% 4% 25% 20% 28% 66% 70% 83% 87% 76% Weak Somewhat strong Very strongGNH Survey 2010

Sense of belonging to the community and voluntary help Weak Somewhat strong 40% 46% 60% 54% Very strong 43% 57% Did not volunteer VolunteeredGNH Survey 2010

How much do you trust Bhutanese people in general? 1% 21% 31% 47% Trust none of them Trust a few of them Trust some of them Trust most of them

Trust in Bhutanese people in general by gender Male Female 1% 2% 19% 28% 23% 35% 46% 48% Trust none of them Trust a few of them Trust some of them Trust most of themGNH Survey 2010

How much do you trust your neighbour? 2% 15% 46% 38% Trust none of them Trust a few of them Trust some of them Trust most of them

Trust in neighbour by gender Male Female 1% 2% 12% 17% 41% 51% 36% 40% Trust none of them Trust a few of them Trust some of them Trust most of themGNH Survey 2010

People in this community treat you fairly 3.0% 0.4% 27.8% 68.7% Never Rarely Sometimes Always

Would you say this is a neighbourhood where neighbours help each other? 4.0% 2.5% 36.8% 56.6% Never Rarely Sometimes Always

Frequency of socializing with neighbours in the last month 26% 22% 18% 35% Not in the last month Once a month Few times a month Few times per week

Frequency of socializing with neighbours by gender Male Female 23% 21% 22% 28% 18% 17% 37% 33% Not in the last month Once a month Few times a month Few times per weekGNH Survey 2010

Frequency of socializing with relatives in the last month 12% 34% 34% 20% Not in the last month Once a month Few times a month Few times per week

Frequency of socializing with relatives by gender Male Female 12% 13% 34% 33% 34% 35% 20% 20% Not in the last month Once a month Few times a month Few times per weekGNH Survey 2010

Enmity in the community in the past 12 months 11% 89% Yes No

Members of your family really care about each other 3% 1% 96% Disagree Neutral Agree

You wish you were not part of your family 2% 2% 96% Agree Neutral Disagree

Members of your family argue too much 4% 17% 79% Agree Neutral Disagree

You feel like a stranger in your family 2% 2% 96% Agree Neutral Disagree

You have enough time to spend with your family 7% 26% 68% Disagree Neutral Agree

There is a lot of understanding in your family 2% 10% 89% Disagree Neutral Agree

Your family is a real source of comfort to you 3%6% 92% Disagree Neutral Agree

Have you been a victim of crime in the last 12 months? 4% 96% Yes No

Did you see/know other people being victimized of crime in the last 12 months? 20% 80% Yes No

Safety from human harm in the neighbourhood/village 19% 56% 25% Rarely safe Usually safe Always safe

Safety from human harm in the village by gender Male Female 14% 25% 21% 46% 65% 29% Rarely safe Usually safe Always safeGNH Survey 2010

Safety from wild animals in the neighbourhood/village 20% 52% 28% Rarely safe Usually safe Always safe

Safety from ghosts in the neighbourhood/village 20% 52% 28% Rarely safe Usually safe Always safe

Safety from ghosts in the village by gender Male Female 15% 25% 45% 59% 26% 31% Rarely safe Usually safe Always safeGNH Survey 2010

Ecological Diversity

Do you feel responsible for conserving the natural environment? 1.2% 0.5% 14.5% 83.9% Not at all A little responsible Somewhat responsible Highly responsible

There should be tougher anti-pollution law 3.0% 0.6% 40.2% 56.2% Disagree Neither Agree nor Disagree Agree Strongly Agree

Community environmental problem: Landslides 32% 29% 16% 23% A major concern Of some concern A minor concern Not a concern

Community environmental problem: Floods 26% 41% 19% 14% A major concern Of some concern A minor concern Not a concern

Community environmental problem: Erratic weather patterns 13% 29% 21% 37% A major concern Of some concern A minor concern Not a concern

Community environmental problem: Littering 29% 27% 21% 24% A major concern Of some concern A minor concern Not a concern

How often did you reuse materials in the past 12 months? 22% 18% 25% 35% Never Sometimes Most of the times Always

How often did you try to reduce waste in the past 12 months? 16% 25% 32% 27% Never Sometimes Most of the times Always

How often did you segregate waste in the past 12 months? 30% 30% 20% 20% Never Sometimes Most of the times Always

During the past 12 months did you plant trees? 43% 57% Yes No

Agricultural land lost to development by farmers in the last 5yrs 9% 37% 53% Yes No Not Applicable

Land lost as a result of growing trees naturally on your land 11% 19% 70% Yes No Not Applicable

Do you have adequate access to water supply? 22% 78% Yes No

By dzongkhag: Do you have adequate access to water supply? Bumthang Chukha Dagana Gasa Haa 9% 21% 15% 13% 9% 91% 79% 85% 87% 91% Lhuntse Mongar Paro Pema Gatshel Punakha 18% 22% 25% 26% 36% 64% 82% 78% 75% 74% Samdrup Jongkhar Samtse Sarpang Thimphu Tashigang 28% 19% 30% 22% 23% 72% 81% 70% 78% 77% Tashi Yangste Trongsa Tsirang Wangdue Phodrang Zhemgang 21% 17% 20% 19% 33% 67% 79% 83% 80% 81% Yes NoGNH Survey 2010

Quality of drinking water 5% 2% 11%37% 45%Very poor PoorNeither good nor poor GoodVery good

Do you own a vehicle? 35%65% Yes No

Modes of transportation used in the past 12 months 1.1% 10.9% 0.3% 28.7% 27.2% 7.2% 24.6% Drove you car Rode a passanger Public transportation (bus) Taxi Bicycle Walk Others

Use of public transport in last month 2% 5% 8% 24% 60% Hardly ever Once a month More than once a month Once a week Everyday

Types of fuel used most often for cooking 0% 34% 50% 16% Others Solar Kerosene Wood LPG Electricity

How do you usually heat your dwelling? 19% 19% 0% 1% 61% Others Solar Kerosene heater Wood Electric heater

Awareness about climate change 9% 26% 32% 33%Not at all Unsure what it isHave some understanding Have a good understanding

Awareness about climate change Male Female 12% 6% 21% 30% 29% 36% 30% 35% Not at all Unsure what it is Have some understanding Have a good understandingGNH Survey 2010

Change in vegetation cover as compared to previous years 33% 36% 31% Decreased Stayed same Increased

Mode of household waste disposal 0.9% 0.8% 1.1% 0.7% 24.4% 19.8% 52.2%Others Dump on open airDump in forest Dump in rivers/streamsMunicipal garbage pick-up BurningComposting

Quality of agricultural land of farmers 4% 1% 21% 16% 58% Very poor Poor Neither good nor poor Good Very good

Agricultural constraints: Wild life 18% 10% 51% 21% Major constraint Some constraint Minor constraint Never

Agricultural constraints: Pest and diseases 23% 20% 25% 32% Major constraint Some constraint Minor constraint Never

Agricultural constraints: Labour shortage 9% 20% 51% 20% Major constraint Some constraint Minor constraint Never

Extent of damages caused by wild animals to crops 21% 38% 16% 25% A lot Some Little Not at all

Do you have any land that have not been cultivated due to wild life threats? 13% 87% Yes No

Have you lost any livestock to predators? 3%3% 2% 8% 85% More than 5 4-5 2-3 1-2 Not at all

100 150 200 50 Bu 0 m th an Ts g 194 ira n Lh g 181 u Zh nts em e 144 ga ng D ag a Sa na 117 116 rp a Pu ng na Ta kha sh 113 112 igSa an m Tr g dr on up g Jo sa ng 108 105 kh ar 90 Pe Mo m ng a a Ta Ga r sh tsh iY e 81 80 an l gs te H aa 71 69W G an as C a 61 gd hu ue Ph kha od ra Th ng 60 57 im ph 50 Sa u m ts e 41 Pa ro 24 Land left uncultivated due to wild life threats by dzongkhags

Living Standard

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