Present perfect

The present perfect has 2 parts: + past participle But...what does “past participle” mean?

Past Participle
What is a past participle?
For regular past tense verbs, the –ed form: liked, walked, worked, talked
For irregular past verbs, memorize:
been, seen, had, eaten, shown, written

3 Main Uses of Present Perfect
Use 1
Something that started in the past and is still true now
Examples:
-I have worked at ECC since 2000.
-Susan has lived in New York for a long time.
-I have known my best friend since I was 14.

Use 2
Indefinite past action
(time unspecified, unstated, or unknown)
Examples:
-I have flown on a plane before.
-Jim has traveled to Paris.
?

Use 3
Repeated past action
(the action could happen again)
Examples:
-Ana has gone to Balboa Park
many times.
-I’ve flown on a plane a lot.

Key words for present perfect
Already = (adv.) before now
I have already finished my homework.
Not yet = (adv.) not before now
Scientists have not yet discovered a cure.

Never = (adv.) not at any time
in the past, including now
I have never seen
such a beautiful sunset!
Ever = (adv.) at any time,
including the present
** Used only in questions
Have you ever ridden a horse?

Reminder about Adverb Placement
With 2 verbs (helping verb and main verb), place the adverb in the middle.
I have never eaten sushi.

Other expressions used with present perfect
Several times, many times, a few times, a couple of times, a lot = for indefinite or repeated past actions
I have been to Las Vegas a lot .

Since and for
Since + specific point in the past when the action started
For + duration, length of time

Practice: since or for?
_______ January
_______ 10 years
_______ Monday
_______ 12 noon
_______ I got up
_______ 5 minutes
_______ 5 minutes ago
_______ four days
_______ 6:00 _______ Wednesday _______ a month _______ two days ago _______ August 1st _______ 2004 _______ an hour _______ I was young

Good Luck!
And remember . . .
“ Practice makes Perfect!”

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Present perfect

by Carolina Roa on Mar 18, 2011

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Present perfect — Presentation Transcript