Clean Air Solutions IAQ Buildings

Clean air solutions
THE CAMFIL GROUP
Peter Dyment
Low Energy - Indoor Air Quality for Buildings

Clean air solutionsClean air solutionsClean air solutionsClean air solutionsClean air solutions
2
Camfil worldwide
2013 Group sales of £450m
3,380 employees
24 production plants
Sales companies in 25 countries
Agents and representatives in more than 50 countries
Clean air should be a human right

Building Energy Efficiency
with Indoor Air Quality
Typically up to 50% of
Energy use in Large
Buildings is in the HVAC
systemsCity centre air quality is typically
above WHO annual warning
levels for PM2.5 and NO2.

The opportunity for improvement is great

1. Clean air that can be inhaled without risk to health. LOW -
PM2.5 LOW - NOx LOW - O3 LOW – SOx Use Air filters
recommended by EN13779:2007 and tested to EN779:2012
class F7 to F9
2. Temperature 20-22 deg.C. Suitable for comfort
3. Relative Humidity should be 40% to 60%
4. Ventilation rate sufficient to dilute CO2 and maintain O2
5. Check building envelope has low leakage
6. Check HVAC plant is fit for purpose, well maintained. Suitable
controls and control strategy.
Indoor Air Quality from the HVAC system

What is the major risk to health? Poor IAQ
Air Pollution causes up to 360,000 premature deaths per year in the EU. Pope et al 2002
•Particles
Cardio vascular diseases
Lung diseases
Asthma
Increased mortality in heart and
lung diseases
and cancer
Bacterial and Viral infection
•Nitrogen dioxides
Asthma and breathing disorder
Reduced lung function
Reduced immunological defense.
Cancer
Ozone
Asthmatic disorders, mucous irritation,
eye irritation, headache
Benzene & PAH
Cancer

An airtight building envelope and effective air filtration
can prevent ingress of air pollution for clean IAQ
Particles counted are mainly toxic fine combustion particulates from traffic
Benefit
Particle Reduction of 78% between
Outside and Inside Air
Particle Reduction to
Supply Air also by
Effective Air Filtration

Airtight building testing
IndoorAirQualityinBuildings8
Airtight building envelope testing is becoming a requirement for many new-build projects
BSRIAAir Tightness for compliance to Part L1 and L2 building regulations. Member of ATTMA, the
appointed air pressure testing organisation for the BINDT
Once the air tightness of a building
envelope is known it is possible to assess
the required air change rates to give
adequate ventilation.
Carbon dioxide reduction along with other
internal background gas phase pollutants
can be achieved.

Air Handling Unit energy flow
Pre-filter
Secondary-filter
Intake Air
Frost coil
Supply Air
Damper
Heating coil
Cooling coil
FAN
MOTOR
Gas-filter (Carbon)
Attenuator
OUTSIDE INSIDE
Electrical Energy
input via motor

This equation calculates the kilowatt hours consumed by an element of a
ventilation system based upon average pressure loss
kWh/year
1000η
tdPq
E
q = Air flow (m3/s)
dP = Pressure drop (Pa)
t = Operating time (hours/year)
h = Fan efficiency (20% - 65% ?)
The Energy Calculation

These steady state reductions can be improved by use of demand led controls and time clocking
Maximum AHU system energy conservation comes from a dual strategy of
optimising static components then use of an inverter speed control on fan
motor

12
How we optimise our
Low Energy Air Filter selection
A Hi-flo F7 M7 Bag filter
with 9.2 M2 of micro-fibre
media has the optimum low
pressure drop and
consistent high particulate
efficiency with a longer
working life
BS:EN13779:2007 advises F7 minimum efficiency

Energy Reduction confirmed optimizing with Low Energy Air Filters
21% Reduction in fan
motor energy
North AHU with
Low Energy Air Filters
(micro-fibre glass)
South AHU Original
Synthetic medium Air
Filters

An Air Handling unit demonstrator shows that there is Huge potential
ECO savings with air filter optimisation (LEAF) and Fan speed control

Air Handling unit demonstrator Real Life results show
‘single figure’ deviation only for fan motor speed control

Annual Savings – for a 10 m3/s system
Element % Kwh £ Revenue or capital Payback
Upgrade filters 22% 6000 600 Revenue < 3 months
Clean coils 10% 2500 250 Revenue < 6 months
Upgrade fans 35% 60000 6000 Capital > 24 months
Upgrade chillers 40% 136000 13600 Capital > 36 months
Table is prioritised by payback period
Data source – EECO2 Energy Efficiency Consultants (Low Carbon Consultants)
Note: A payback time of less than 12 months is a ‘no brainer’ decision to implement
Renewable energy options are in excess of ten years and in some cases over fifty years
Incremental Benefits – ISO 50001 Energy management
Motivation – financial efficiency

•Particle filtration
•Gas filtration
•Without upgrading
the main HVAC system
•Energy efficient
Stand alone portable air cleaners provide a practical
health and economic solution
Mix recirculation and supply air
Fast response and portable to give
Clean Indoor Air Quality

Indoor Air Quality problems can be determined by Air Quality testing
Indoor air pollutants can be measured and assessed
by use of a particle counter or for gas pollutants a gas
monitor or a City check kit as shown. This kit can
determine concentration levels for 39 different
problem gas pollutants.
Once the type and concentration of the pollutants has
been determined and the risk level determined, action
can be taken when required to make reductions.
Portable handheld particle counter

HiFlo M7 Bag filterCity-Flo Bag filter
Citycarb compact filter Citysorb compact filter
Low Energy Air Filters consistent and effective IAQ performance
•Low Energy Air Filters
with EN13779:2007
performance F7 to F9
•Gas filtration also to
EN13779:2007 when
required.
• Micro-fibre glass medium
performs consistently for
up to 2 years.
•Low operating pressure
drop for best energy
efficiency.
•Minimal maintenance and
disposal costs

Low Energy - Indoor Air Quality for Buildings
Clearly the elements are available
1. Effective Low Energy Air Filters in Air
Handling Units or stand alone air
cleaners
2. Air Temperature control
3. Humidity level control when needed
4. Ventilation rate sufficient to dilute levels
of Carbon Dioxide and replace Oxygen.
5. An Air tight building envelope with
tested performance
6. Effective monitoring and planned
maintenance that includes AHU and Air
Duct Hygiene inspection and cleaning
Air System AHU and Duct maintenance is a short
payback measure to achieve clean IAQ.

23
THANK YOU
ANY QUESTIONS?
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For more information about clean air solutions, improving air quality,
low energy air filters, AHUs (Air Handling Units) and the EPBD, visit
www.lowenergyairfilter.co.uk
www.keepthecityout.co.uk
www.camfil.co.uk
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